Grammar item:

RELATIVE CLAUSES
Definition: relative clauses are sentences
introduced in another sentence by means of a
relative pronoun.

Example:
My best friend, who is an engineer,
lives in London.
Relative pronoun
Different relative pronouns
WHO refers to people and it is the subject of the
relative clause.

My best friend lives in London.
My best friend is an engineer.

My best friend, who is an engineer, lives in London.



refers to a person is the subject of the relative clause
(my best friend)
WHOSE is usually used for people
and it indicates possession
Galliano was invited for the exhibition.

His dress was made of old newspapers.

Galliano, whose dress was made of old
newspapers, was invited for the exhibition.

(Whose can be translated by cujo,
cuja, cujos, cujas)
WHICH is a pronoun used for things
and animals.
Big Ben can be found in the Houses of Parliament.
Big Ben is a famous clock.

It is the subject of the relative sentence

replaces an object


Big Ben, which is a famous clock, can be found
in the Houses of Parliament.
Where/ When

used when referring used for time
to places

Florence, where you can find 1998, when Saramago
many statues, won the Nobel Prize, was
is a beautiful Italian city. also the year Expo 98
opened.







THAT always restrictive.
Used for people, animals or things
The students who/ that had a negative mark
will have another test.
It selects information at all
times
It is never used with commas



It never selects. It is always used with
commas. THAT is never used.

The students, who had a negative mark,
will have another test.

EXERCISES
http://www.englisch-
hilfen.de/en/exercises/pronouns/relative_pronouns.htm
http://www.vivquarry.com/wkshts/relative1q.html
http://www.ompersonal.com.ar/omexercise/clausulasrela
tivas/unit29.htm
http://www.ego4u.com/en/cram-up/grammar/relative-
clauses
http://www.edufind.com/English/Grammar/REL2.CFM
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/645/01/
http://wwwedu.ge.ch/cptic/prospective/projets/anglais/ex
ercises/relpron2.htm