Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Pollution
Objectives
► Define few terms related to
Environmental Pollution
► Enlist the types of Pollution
► Discuss the effects of Pollution
► Identify the ways how to manage
Pollution
► Environment
“All the external factors surrounding the
host that might influence vulnerability or
resistance”.
► Environmental Health
“Assessing, controlling, and improving the
impact people make on their environment
and the impact of environment on them”.
► Environmental Impact
“The effect of positive or negative changes
on the environment and on the people,
animals, and plants living in it”.
► Pollution
“It is the contamination of natural
resources such as air, water, and soil,
making them foul and unfit for human
consume”
(Allender & Spradley, 2005)
► Introduction by man, waste matter or
surplus energy into the environment,
which directly or indirectly causes
damage to man and his environment
►Pollutant:
“A substance or effect which
adversely alters the environment by
changing the growth rate of species,
interferes with the food chain, is toxic,
or interferes with health, comfort
amenities or property values of
peoples”.
MERCURY
► Deforestation
“The clearing of tropical, and temperate forests for
cropland, cattle grazing, or urbanization”.
► Ecosystem
“A community of living organisms and their
interrelated physical and chemical environments”.
► Ecologic Perspective
“A view point about the community of living organisms
and their interrelated physical and chemical
environment”.
Major Global Environmental
Effects
► Over population
► Air Pollution
Dusts, Gases, and Naturally Occurring
elements
► Acid Precipitation
► Ozone Depletion and Global Warming
► Water pollution
► Deforestation, Wetlands, destruction, and
desertification
► Energy Depletion
Major Global Environmental
Effects (Cont…)
► Inadequate Housing
► Unhealthy or contaminated Food
Inherently harmful food
► Contaminated Foods
Foods with Toxic Additives
Food Irradiation
► Water Disposal
► Disposal of human wastes
► Disposal of Garbage
► Disposal of Hazardous Waste
► Insect and rodent Control
Major Global Environmental
Effects (Cont…)
► Safety in the Home, Worksite, and Community
Exposure to toxic chemicals
Exposure to Irradiation
Injury Hazards
Exposure to Noise pollution
Exposure to Biological Pollutants
Psychological hazards
Facing Terrorist Danger
Gases (Burning fossil fuels, Carbon dioxide
Tobacco smoke and fumes from domestic fuel
Producing Carbon dioxide & sulpher oxide from industries
TYPES OF POLLUTION
► Water Pollution
► Air Pollution
► Land Pollution
► Noise Pollution
► Thermal Pollution
► Electro Pollution
► Visual Pollution
Types of pollutants
► Organic Pollutants
► Inorganic Pollutants
► Heavy metal Pollutants
► Pathogenic Pollutants
The Issue
► Global warming
► Ozone depletion
(Ozone hole)
► Acid Rain
► Various respiratory
illnesses
Ozone Depletion & Global
Warming
► Global warming is the trapping of heat radiation from the
earths surface that increases the over all temperature of
the world, causing a greenhouse effect (Yassi et al,
2001)
► Carbon dioxide and other gases that enter the
atmosphere through the depleted ozone layer and
become trapped
► The accumulation of stratospheric ozone shield the earth
from damaging ultraviolet light, filtering and reducing
the extent of radiation that reaches the earth
► Chemical interaction among air pollutants primarily
chlorofluorocarbons
► Health Effects of Ozone Depletion
Skin cancer
Cataracts
► Health Effects of Global Warming
Damage to food chain
Vector-borne diseases
Raised ocean levels
Effects on crop production
► Temperature increase in 1-2 °C would
enable mosquitoes to extend their range to
new geographic areas, leading 45%-60%
increases `in cases of malaria by 2050
Acid Rain
► Emission of hazardous chemicals into the earths
atmosphere
► Sulpher dioxide from power plant emission or nitrongen
oxides from motor vehicle exhaust combine with rain
water, snow and other form of precipitation to produce
sulfuric and nitric acid called “Acid Rain”
► Most severe problem, can extensively change the
biology of small bodies of water, endangers the forest
and fresh water ecologies
► Heavily documented in Canada, Scandinavia, Russia,
Eastern Europe, China, India, and Central Asia
► Increased accumulation of carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere from fuel combustion is altering the climate
and contributing to a condition called “greenhouse
effect”