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Dr. P.

Syam Sundar Reddy


Asst. Professor (Hort.)

Aloe
Aloe
Family : Liliaceae
English Name : Aloe,
Chromosome No.: 2n=14
Economic part : Succulent leaves
(Aloe juice & Aloe gel)
Active chemical: Aloe juice contains- cathartic
anthraglycosides-Aloin & barbaloin
Aloe gel contains glucomannans (Polysaccharides)
Origin: Eastern and southern Africa
Out of the 275 species three are commercially important

Aloe barbadensis curacao aloe
Indian aloe West Indies
Jaffarabad aloe
Barbados aloe

A ferox and its Cape aloe South Africa
Hybrids

A perryi Socotrine aloe South Africa

Other aloe species yield aloes of lesser importance

Aloe species- Origin
Aloe barbadensis Miller
Aloe arborescence Miller
Aloe ferox
Aloe chinensis
Aloe perryi
Aloe spicata
Aloe abyssinica
Distribution
Aloe is grown largely in South Texas,
USA, Mexico, India, South America,
Central America, Australia and Africa.
In India the plant is mainly found in
Rajasthan and other dry belts.
It also grows in coasts of Mumbai,
Gujarat and South India.
Uses of aloe extracts
Aloe and Aloin are extensively used in
laxative preparations
Aloe gel are used as moisturizer, emollient or
wound healer in various cosmetic
and pharmaceutical formulation
Extracts of aloe are used in sunscreen, X-ray
burns, dermatitis and in other cosmetic
preparations
As a food aloe extracts are used as a
flavoring ingredients and in candy to impart
a slight bitter taste


Aloe is mainly cultivated for its thick fleshy
leaves from which the yellow resinous latex
or yellow sap or anthraquinones (the bitter
yellow liquid between the leaf rind and gel)
exudes and can be used as a laxative or
purgative.
If it is not processed properly it turns out to
be poisonous.
In India, it is grown commercially for its high
demand in cosmetics industry as well as
medicinal use.


FIVE UNIQUE BENEFITS OF ALOE VERA TO THE BODY
PENETRATION Aloe has the ability to reach
deepest body tissues some 7 layers deep
ANTICEPTIC Aloe has at least 6 antiseptic
agents which kill bacteria, viruses and fungi
STIMULATES CELL GROWTH Aloe stimulates
the birth of new healthy tissue
SETTLES NERVES Aloe has a clearing effect on
the bodys nervous system
CLEANESS Aloe detoxifies and normalizes the
bodys metabolism

Cathartic anthro-glycosides as its active
principles
These are mostly c-glucosides of aloe
emodin.
The concentration of this varies with the
types of aloe from 4.5% to 25% of aloin

Chromone ie aloesin and its aglycone
aloesone

Free anthroquinones

Resins
Gel contains a glucomannan a polysaccharide
Other polysaccarides
(containing galactose,xylose and arabinose)
Steroids
Organic acids
Enzymes
Antibiotic principles
Amino acids
Biogenic stimulators
Wound healing Harmones
Saponins
Minerals and so forth


Familiar varieties in India
In India 2 or 3 varieties are recognized as
well grown
A. vera chinensis Baker
Common all over Deccan. The leaves have
a distinct purple color towards the base and
the spines are not sharp
A. Vera littoralis Koenig ex Baker
Found on beach shingles in Madras right
upto Rameshwaram are smaller in size and
have a dentate margin


A.variegata linn
A near kin of A.vera is found in
the parts of Maharastra.It is
large fleshy green leaves with
sharp spins and white speck in
the base of the leaf

Aloe abyssinica
This thrives in Kathiawar coast
National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources
Delhi
Aloe accessions having high Aloin content
IC 111271
IC 111280
IC 111269
IC 111273
IC 111279
IC 111267
National Bureau of Plant
Genetic Resources Delhi
Aloe having high gel
content
IC 111267
IC 111266
IC111280
IC 111272
IC 111277
Soil
This hardy plant grows in all types of soils
Does well in sandy coastal to loamy soils of the
plains
It requires PH up to 8.5
This does not grow under water logged
conditions and problem soils
Climate
Ideal time is March to June
Found in warm Humid or dry climate
It requires 150-200cm to about 35-40cm of yearly
rainfall.
In dry regions protective irrigation is essential

Land preparation

To be ploughed twice
To be cleaned thoroughly of weeds
If required small canals may be prepared for
drainage
25t/ha of cow dung manure is also to be added
Propagation
The plants are generally propagated by root suckers
(Pups) or rhizome cuttings
Planting
1-2 months old pups are planted at a spacing of 60 x 30
cm or 60 x 40 cm
Same sized say 15-18 cm long pups or rhizome
cuttings are to be planted
Planting is done in such a way that 2/3 portion of them
are under the ground
Treat the pups with Carbendazim (1gm/1liter of water)
to prevent rotting
About 28,000-34,000 suckers are needed to plant in one
Ha.(60 X 60 cm spacing)
Planting
time
Planting material
Manuring
An adhoc basic recommendation of a mixture of
150kg/ha N P K is adviced
The fertilizers are applied in the soil near the root
system after the plants are established
Irrigation
Soon after planting life irrigation
Generally 4 to 5 irrigations/yr are sufficient
However water should not stagnate near the plant


Weeding
Weeding may be done twice a year
The land should be kept weed-free

Pest & diseases
No serious pest infestation
Leafspot by Altarnaria alterata & Fusarium
solani infestation is noticed
Water logging may cause rotting disease
Harvesting
Harvested at 8-12 months
Manually/tractor drawn disc harrow/cultivator
The left out broken rhizome sprouts
back succeeding in the spring
Yield
Commercial yield from 2
nd
year to 5
th
yr after that
to be replanted
10000-12000kgs/ha (yield based on fresh wt.)
Cultivation
Practices
Economics
The prevailing market price for aloe
vera leaves is around Rupees 4-4.5/
kg as of now (Fresh weight).
Hence a minimum of RS 50000 to
RS 60000 may be getting as profit
per hectare.
The cost benefit may be 1:3 to 1:5
depending on the product whether
raw, processed derivatives or value
added product.
1. Dried Aloe leaves or powders are often exported to the
European countries.

2. The price of dried Aloes in India ranges from Rs.600 to
RS.1000 per kg depending upon the `aloin' content
and colour of the dried leaves.

3. Aloe gels are expensive herbal cosmetics.Owing to the
increased preference to herbal cosmetics, the demand
for Aloe vera is on the rise every year.

4. Selection of aloin rich varieties and cultivation of aloe
on commercial scale following scientific approach will
be really remunerative.

5. It is definitely a crop highly suitable for growing in
many parts of India.

The crop could be promoted for commercial cultivation in
marginal soils as well.
Investment required Rs 25 lacs.
Processing Aloe Leaves

During the past several decades four basic methods of
processing Aloe Vera leaves
have been developed, namely:

1. Traditional Hand Filleted Aloe

2. Whole Leaf Aloe

3. Powdered forms of Aloe

A. Spray-Dried Aloe Powder
B. Lyophilized Aloe Powder
C. Dehydrated Aloe Powder

4. Total Process Aloe Vera


Traditional Hand Filleted Aloe Vera

The Aloe Leaf consists of three layers:
A. The outer thick rind

B. A viscous, jelly like mucilage layer into
which the vascular bundles, attached to the
inner surface of the rind, protrude.

C. The fillet proper, which has structural
integrity consisting of hexagonal, structures
containing the fillet fluid. This is the water
storage area for the plant.
In order to avoid contaminating the internal fillet
with the yellow sap, the traditional hand- filleting
method of processing Aloe Leaves was developed.

In this method, the Lower 1 of the leaf base
(the white part attached to the large rosette stem
of the plant),

the tapering point (2-4) of the leaf top, and

the short, sharp spines located along the leaf
margins are removed by a sharp knife,
then the knife, is introduced into the
mucilage layer below the green rind avoiding
the vascular bundles, and the top rind is
removed. The bottom rind is similarly
removed, and the rind parts, to which a
significant amount of mucilage remains
attached, are discarded. Another portion of
the mucilage layer accumulated on the top of
the filleting table.
This is of critical concern because the
highest concentration of potentially
beneficial Aloe Constituents are found in this
mucilage, as this layer represents the
constituents synthesized by the vascular
bundle cells empowered by energy
developed in the green (chlorophyll-
containing) rind cells through sun-induced
photosynthesis.
The materials of the mucilage layer,
subsequent to their synthesis, are distributed
to the storage cells (cellulose-reinforced
hexagons) of the fillet, a process that is
accompanied by dilution owing to the water
(the major fillet constituent), which is stored
in the fillet cells. The fillet consists of more
than 99% water.

Total Process Aloe.

In this new revolutionary approach, The
Aloe Leaves are Hand Filleted by the
traditional, old fashioned, labor
intensive method.

Then the green rinds and the mucilage
layer from the tabletop are processed by
a newly developed propriety
methodology.

A combination of the products produced
by these two procedures produces an
aloe product called Total Process Aloe,

which contains an enviably high
concentration of desirable constituents,
which are virtually free of undesirable
laxative anthraquinones.


Aloe Vera Cosmetic products
Aloe Vera Hand Wash
Aloe vera hand wash
keeps the hands soft and
smooth even after house
hold washing and
cleaning chores.
The mild fragrance is
natural and reminiscent
of nature.

Aloe Vera Powder
The aloe vera powder is a great
solution for blood related
problems.
It aids blood and lymphatic
circulation and facilitate digestion.
The research on aloe powder
shows its outstanding effect on
many conditions regulating blood
sugar boosts immunity, reduces
inflammation and breakdown
tumors.
The quantity of the product can be
available as per clients
specification.

Aloe Vera Gel
Aloe vera skin gel is a
moisturizing agents.
It softens and helps
restore dry damaged
skin.
Aloe Vera Soap
Aloe vera soap is skin
friendly and facilitate
healing of any kind of skin
wound and disease, burn,
or scar even speeding
recovery time after
surgery.
These product help to
remove blemishes and
many other related scars.

Aloe Vera Shampoo
Aloe vera shampoo which
has taken the market by
storm for its cleaning and
conditioning properties.
The world today has
woken up to the great
health and cosmetic
properties of aloe vera.
Aloe vera shampoo is soft
to the hair and leaves no
residues.

Aloe Vera Herbal Extract
Soap
Aloe vera soap extract that
works very well with all types
of skin structure.
It has no harsh astringent
agent and the skin tingles
and even after repeated use
there is no loss of natural oil
of the face.
This soap extract facilitates
healing of any kind of skin
wound and disease, burn, or
scar even speeding recovery
time after chicken pox.

Aloe Vera Face Wash
The aloe vera face
wash that keeps the
face soft clean and
blemish free.
It has no harsh
astringent agent and
the skin tingles and
even after repeated use
there is no loss of
natural oil of the face.

Aloe Vera
Multipurpose Gel
Aloe vera
multipurpose gel
which is a great skin
softener.
This gel is a great
wound healer. Even
for minor burns and
scalding Aloe Vera
gel works wonders.

Aloe Vera Multipurpose Gel

We offer a very true to nature aloe vera multipurpose gel which is a great skin softner. We do not add any chemical supplements. We offer our products in its fresh from the garden persona. This gel is a great wound healer. Even for minor burns and scalding Aloe Vera gel works wonders.
Aloe Vera Fairness
Cream
Aloe vera fairness cream
is in great demand for the
softening agent present in
the extract.
The goodness of the plant
is fully maintained in our
product without
unnecessary addition of
chemical aids

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