PERSONALITY

Dr. Kavita Singh

Faculty of Management Studies
University of Delhi
DELHI - 110007

Personality
Combination of stable physical
and mental characteristics that
gives a person their identity
PERSONALITY DETERMINANTS:
Biological factors:
heredity, physical features, brain
Environment:
socialization process, identification
process, home environment
Situational factors
Personality Attributes
Self-esteem
Self-efficacy
Self-monitoring
Locus of control
Type A & B personalities
Risk Taking
Machiavellianism
Self-Esteem
It is the judgment one makes about ones own
worth
High esteem people
Like themselves
have high expectations for success
feel confident that they can achieve their goals
Low esteem individuals
lack confidence
look to others for praise and reinforcement
avoid conflict and conform to expected norms
Self-Efficacy
A persons belief about his or her chances of
successfully completing a specific task.

Sources of Self-Efficacy Beliefs:
- Prior experience
- Behavior models
- Persuasion from others
- Assessment of physical/emotional state
Self-Monitoring
This refers to the degree to which people are
sensitive to others and adapt their behaviour to
meet external expectations and situation needs
High self-monitors
are adept at separating their private from their
public selves
can assume a personality to satisfy an audience
Low self-monitors
reveal themselves much more clearly
not very flexible in interacting with different
types of people
Locus of Control
Extent to which people believe that they
are the masters of their own fates

Internal
External (others)
External (Chance)


Type A and Type B

Type A

Achieve more in less time
Moves, walks, eats rapidly
Impatient
Do many things at once
Type A and Type B

Type B
Less time urgency
Plans for fun and
Can relax without guilt
Less discussion of accomplishments

Risk Taking
Degree to which people will take or
avoid risks
High risk takers make faster decisions
and use less information
Risk-aversive people are more
cautious, make decisions more
carefully, and try to minimize risk.
Machiavellianism
The extent to which a person
manipulates others for personal gains
High Mach person
maintains emotional distance and
manipulates more
exploit others
believes that the end justify the means