Module 4.

Strategic Planning

Orientation

Rationale of FLUP Strategic Plan

FLUP is an LGU plan for the management of the
forestland within its territorial jurisdiction in partnership with
the DENR
FLUP implementation strategies are always considered
within the existing and proposed allocation
FLUP implementation strategies should be based on
findings of the situational analysis
Purpose of strategic planning is to create initial road map
for implementation of the FLUP Where do we want to go?
It will include periodic assessment to transform the plan
into strategic process.

Scope of FLUP
FLUP is a landuse plan and concentrates to planning
of landuse (therefore it is spatial, where and what?)
The improved landuse and management of forestland
(outcomes) aims to lead to impact such as improved
water production, resilience of communities to
climate change, increased biodiversity, increased
income of FL occupants/tenure holders
Other external factors contribute to success of FLUP
implementation such as access to education, health
care, market -but how to address issues on these should form part
of other strategic plans (education, health care, infrastructure etc.)

Questions?
5. How do we
know we are
really going
there?

1. Where are we
now?

2. Where do we
want to go?
4. What do we
need to go there?
3. How do we
want to go?

Questions?
How do we
know we are
really going
there?

5. TARGETS &
INDICATORS
(for outcomes
and outputs)

4. OUTPUTS

Where are we now?

1. ISSUES,
POTENTIALS,
CONSTRAINTS

Where do we want to go?

2. OUTCOMES
(changes in
landuse, within
allocation)

(within allocation,
general)

3. STRATEGIES
What do we need to go
there?

(overall strategic
sentence, within
allocation, general)

How do we want to go?

PROCESS: FLUP MEDIUM TERM PLAN

PROBLEMS

OBJECTIVES

1. ISSUES,
POTENTIALS,
CONSTRAINT
S

MEDIUM TERM PLAN

3.
STRATEGIES

4.
OUTPUTS

LGU STRATEGIES

RESULTS OF
ACTIVITIES

2.
OUTCOMES

CHANGES IN
LANDUSE

Spatial: can be
described as total
FL or within
allocation

Spatial: can be
described within
allocation
Non spatial:
general support
strategies not
specific to
allocation

Spatial: can be
described within
allocation
Non spatial:
general not
specific to
allocation

PROCESS: FLUP MONITORING PLAN

PROBLEMS

OBJECTIVES

1. ISSUES,
POTENTIALS,
CONSTRAINT
S

2.
OUTCOMES

CHANGES IN
LANDUSE

5. TARGETS &
INDICATORS

MEDIUM TERM PLAN

3.
STRATEGIES

LGU STRATEGIES

4.
OUTPUTS

RESULTS OF
ACTIVITIES

Targets and Indicators are defined to monitor and

evaluate achievement of expected outcomes (changes in
landuse) and outputs (results of the activities)

Creating FLUP
Medium Term
Plan

PROCESS: FLUP MEDIUM TERM PLAN

PROBLEMS

1. ISSUES,
POTENTIALS,
CONSTRAINT
S

OBJECTIVES

2.
OUTCOMES

MEDIUM TERM PLAN

3.
STRATEGIES

CHANGES IN
LGU STRATEGIES
LANDUSE
Spatial: can be
Spatial: can be
described within
described as total
allocation
FL or within
Non spatial:
allocation
general support
strategies not
specific to
allocation

4.
OUTPUTS

RESULTS OF
ACTIVITIES
Spatial: can be
described within
allocation
Non spatial:
general not
specific to
allocation

1.

Where are we now?

Based on guiding questions of the
situational analysis (used in Situational
Analysis) and expected outcomes of FLUP
implementation identify main issues and
their potentials/constraints
Strategic Plan is going to address these
issues
The issues identified will be transformed
into objectives and outcomes of the FLUP

1.

Where are we now?

EXAMPLE LGU AMLAN

ISSUES
Water sources not protected
Unsustainable farming techniques
Inappropriate management of river
banks, steep slopes
Wildlife & timber poaching
Settlement area planned close to
natural forest
No sufficient sustainable source of
wood (firewood, timber)
Limited enforcement of
environmental laws
Unclear tenurial arrangements and
boundaries

SITUATIONAL ANALYSIS
POTENTIALS
Large areas underutilized/potential
for development
Presence of possible investors
(PNOC, DENR-NGP, hydro power
company)
Tourism potential (esp. waterfall in
Silab)
Functional ENRO Office
CONSTRAINTS
Disconnect between LGU and DENR
Unclear CMA policy
Difficult process to acquire permits
Limited political will to
enforce/implement plans
Possible resistance by claimants
Limited funds

1.

Where are we now?

Summary of the findings in situational analysis will be
included in the FLUP document Chapter 2.1.8.

Table 20. Summary of Findings

Table to summaries, issues opportunities and constraints (Chapter 2.1.7. FLUP Outline)
ISSUES:
PROTECTION OF
FOREST AND
ENVIRONMENT:

OPPORTUNITIES:
CONSTRAINTS:

PRODUCTION OF
WOOD AN FOREST
PRODUCTS:

SUSTAINABLE
UPLAND
AGRICULTURE:

BOUNDARIES/ CLEAR
ALLOCATION and
TENURE:

PROCESS: FLUP MEDIUM TERM PLAN

PROBLEMS

1. ISSUES,
POTENTIALS,
CONSTRAINT
S

OBJECTIVES

2.
OUTCOMES

MEDIUM TERM PLAN

3.
STRATEGIES

CHANGES IN
LGU STRATEGIES
LANDUSE
Spatial: can be
Spatial: can be
described within
described as total
allocation
FL or within
Non spatial:
allocation
general support
strategies not
specific to
allocation

4.
OUTPUTS

RESULTS OF
ACTIVITIES
Spatial: can be
described within
allocation
Non spatial:
general not
specific to
allocation

2.

3.1. Goals/impact

GOALS are in the level of intended impact of FLUP implementation,

the discussion on these can help to create common vision and clarify
the purpose of FLUP implementation.
However it is not straightforward that the goals are achieved only by
implementing FLUP Other activities/outputs and outcomes might be
necessary (out of FLUP scope).
GOALS EXAMPLE:
Forestland provides sustainable source of water (irrigation and potable)
Vulnerability of people to hazards reduced, communities are resilient, number
of hazards reduced, adaptive capacity increased etc..
Biodiversity increased

2.

Where do we want to go?

Objectives of FLUP Implementation

Increased
biodiversity

PROTECTION OF
FOREST, ENVIRONMENT and

SUSTAINABLE UPLAND
AGRICULTURE

PREVENTION OF HAZARDS

(PROTECTION OF SOIL)

Improved
environmental
services

Increased
productivity

PRODUCTION OF
WOOD AND FOREST
PRODUCTS

Water Production
(catchment, service areas)

Risk Reduction

Goals of FLUP Implementation

CLEAR ADIMINISTRATIVE
AND TENURE
ARRANGEMENTS AND
BOUNDARIES

CC mitigation/adaptation

2.

3.1. Objectives

Outcomes

OUTCOMES = CHANGES IN LANDUSE AND MANAGEMENT PRACTISE

EXAMPLE:
Protection of forest,
biodiversity, water sources,
protection from hazard

The forest cover is not

reduced and the value
for biodiversity
conservation is
increased

New areas are

recovered to increase
area of the protection
forest (steep slopes and
areas with land slides
and cracks priority)

Water sources are

protected

Production of wood
and forest products

Grassland and
brushland areas
developed and
managed to
provide
sustainable source
of wood for local
consumption
NTFP are
harvested in
sustainable level

Sustainable upland
agriculture

Clear boundary,
tenure /rights

Protection/prod
uction areas are
recognized in
agricultural
practices

Administrative
boundaries are
clear in the
ground and in
maps

Areas on
perennial
cropping/agrofor
estry increased

Forestland is
covered by
tenure/rights with
clear boundaries
and
responsibilities

2.

Targets of Outcomes

EXAMPLE:
Protection of forest,
biodiversity, water
sources

X ha of the natural
forest remains and
quality of the forest
increased
x ha of brush
land/grassland areas
converted to forest
(priority areas steep
slopes/hazard
areas/water
production areas)
X springs/caves
protected

Production of wood and

forest products

Sustainable upland
agriculture

X ha are covered with

farm plans and these are
implemented

Municipal boundary
between LGU X and
LGU X is agreed

No agriculture on slopes
steeper than 50%

Barangay boundary
between barangay x
and barangay x
agreed

Tenure/rights with
clear boundary and
responsibilities covers
x ha (x% of FL)

X ha of existing
plantations
managed/utilized based
on agreed plan (RMP)
X ha established on
production areas (brush
land/grassland) for
wood/firewood
production
X m3 trees harvested
annually

productivity of irrigated areas increased (downstream)/new areas x ha on irrigation

number/frequency of land slides/floods reduced

Clear boundary,
tenure /rights

2.

Targets of Outcomes within Allocation

EXAMPLE:
TARGETS WITHIN EACH ALLOCATION
Community Based Forest Management Agreement (CBFMA) Total of 3 CBFMA, 2100has
Protection of 200 hectares of Natural Forest
150 hectares of brush land/grassland under protection zone converted to forest
13 springs protected
250 hectares of existing plantations well managed and produce wood for local consumption
130 hectares of new plantations established
Communal forest/Co-Management Agreement, 5000 hectares
Protection of 100 hectares of Natural Forest
320 hectares of brush land/grassland under protection zone converted to forest
21 springs protected
500 hectares of new plantations established for production purposes
Soil and water conservation measures applied on protection areas currently used for
agriculture (200 has)
Social Integrated Forest Management Agreement, Total of 10 SIFMA, 40 hectares
Protection of 5 hectares of Natural Forest
8 hectares of brush land/grassland under protection zone converted to forest
20 hectares of existing plantations well managed and produce wood for local consumption
12 hectares of new plantations established
No agriculture on slopes over 50% or trees planted on river easement

2.

Where do we want to go?

Outcome targets within each allocation type will be included in

the FLUP document
Chapter 3.1.3. Targets 2014-x

PROCESS: FLUP MEDIUM TERM PLAN

PROBLEMS

1. ISSUES,
POTENTIALS,
CONSTRAINT
S

OBJECTIVES

2.
OUTCOMES

MEDIUM TERM PLAN

3.
STRATEGIES

CHANGES IN
LGU STRATEGIES
LANDUSE
Spatial: can be
Spatial: can be
described within
described as total
allocation
FL or within
Non spatial:
allocation
general support
strategies not
specific to
allocation

4.
OUTPUTS

RESULTS OF
ACTIVITIES
Spatial: can be
described within
allocation
Non spatial:
general not
specific to
allocation

3.

How do we want to go there?

3.1. FLUP Overall Strategy:

One sentence describing how the LGU and

DENR wants to implement the FLUP and reach
the goals and objectives set for the plan.

PARTNERSHIPS

TRANSPARENCY
Strategy
LEARNING

PARTICIPATION
EFFICIENCY

ACCOUNTABILITY

COORDINATION
OWNERSHIP/CO
MITTMENT

3.

3.1. FLUP Overall Strategy

Harmonising all the existing efforts and potentials of

stakeholders, by education, empowerment,
coordination and enforcement of policies.
(FLUP Amlan 2013)

Optimize utilization of available resources and venture

on untapped potentials to revitalize environment for
sustainable development of Guihulngan City.
(FLUP Guihulngan City 2013)

3.

FLUP is implemented in different levels

TENURE/
SUB-AGREEMENT

CLAIMANTS

AGREED LANDUSE CHANGE

BARANGAY PLAN
PROPOSED LANDUSE PART OF BARANGAY
DEVELOPMENT PLAN

BARANGAY

POLICIES
RULES FOR IMPLEMENTATION

STEERING COMMITTEE
INSTITUTIONALISING PARTNERSHIP

FLUP
LGU PREPARED TO TAKE ACTIVE ROLE IN MANAGEMENT

MUNICIPAL
LGU

3.

3.1. FLUP Strategies

STRATEGIES (what LGU will do?)

OUTPUTS and TARGETS in next

planning period

3.2.1. Strategies within Proposed Allocation/Tenure

Consider which support strategies and what outputs are needed
(policies, capacities, institutional set up, projects, management,
financing) to attain the targets

3.2.2. General Strategies

What are the common strategies to coordinate and manage the joint
forestland management? What are the expected outputs?
Which policies, guidelines, plans need to be formulated to support
implementation?
What is the institutional set up? What are the roles and responsibilities?
What manpower/ human resources are needed? What skills they need
to have?
How the outputs are financed? Which are the possible fund sources?
Which partnerships/collaboration are needed?

4.

What do we need to go there?

OUTPUTS and TARGETS in next
planning period

OUTPUTS

STRATEGIES

STRATEGIES (what LGU will do?)

1. Formulation of local
policies, agreements
and guidelines
(basis/rules for FLUP
implementation and
enforcement)

2. Creation and/or
strengthening institutions
Clarifying their roles in:

-Decision making
-Coordination, management
-Planning, M&E
-Enforcement

3. Incentives for
sustainable
landuse/landuse change
(training, IEC, materials
subsidies)

Local ordinance

Steering Committee

IEC materials

Tenure agreement
Resource Management
Plan

ENRO

Reforestation project

BDC/BENRO

Agroforestry project

Guidelines

DENR/CENRO/FP

Mangrove management
project

PO Statuses

PLGU (ENRD, PPDO)

Other partners

EXAMPLE:
Table 21. Strategies and targets in proposed allocation
OUTCOMES

STRATEGIES

List all
List all strategies within this allocation
targets
A. STRATEGIES RELATED TO SPECIFIC ALLOCATION
A. For example CBFMAs
1. Strengthen CBFMA management

OUTPUTS
List all outputs which are expected
results of these strategies

Trainings to 2 POs in organizational

management, updated PO statuses

2. Facilitate updating of CRMF to include protection

2 Updated/revised CRMFs
areas
3. Hire forest guards to protect natural forest
4. Facilitate clarification of boundary, identification
of claimants and their participation to CBFMA
B. For example SIFMAs
C. For example Communal Forest
1. Establish Communal Forest

2 DENR Deputized Forest Guards/PO

2 Boundary surveys, 2 Lists of
claimants

1 Communal forest agreement (tenure)

2. Adoption of barangay based RMP for communal

5 Barangay RMPs
forest area identifying the protection areas
3. Adoption ordinance for sub-agreements to
recognize forestland occupants in CF area
4. Issuance of sub-agreements to facilitate
commitment of claimants to change landuse and
management practices

1 Sub-agreement ordinance
100-200 Sub-agreements

EXAMPLE:
B. GENERAL STRATEGIES (not related to specific allocation)
ALLOCATION

OUTCOMES WITHIN

A. For example POLICIES

1. Legitimize "protection areas" identified in
the FLUP

1 Zoning Ordinance including FL

"protection" areas

2. Proposed Landuse including identification

1 Barangay Resolution in each FL
of "protection areas" in the ground developed
barangay with "proposed landuse" map
and agreed in FL barangays

ALLOCATION

OUTCOMES WITHIN

B. For example INSTITUTIONS

1. Establish and strengthen Steering
Committee to oversee FLUP implementation
2. Establish and strengthen ENRO to
implement FLUP
3. Establish and strengthen BENRO and
strengthen Barangay Officials to support in
FLUP implementation (IEC, TA, monitoring,
patrolling)

1 EO
2-4 meetings/year
1 orientation/training every 3 years
1 ENRO, 3-6 staff
1 ENRO Office
2-3 trainings for ENRO staff every year
1 BENRO/FL Barangay
1-2 Trainings/ Workshops/Barangay/
Year
1-4 DENR deputized Forest
Guards/barangay

3.2. Institutional set up

Based on Institutional
Analysis conducted during the
strategic planning consider:
How stakeholders can
communicate?
Who is coordinating
collaboration?
Who is making decisions?

Steering
Committee

Technical Advisory
Group
PFMC
PFAT

Municipal Environment and

Natural Resources Office
(MENRO) as secretariat

Focal Persons

Municipal Forest Protection

Committee (MFPC)

Working Groups of Steering

Committee (ad hoc)

Municipal Environment and Natural

Resources Office (MENRO)
Forest Management
Unit (FMU)
Barangays
BENROs/Community
Organizers/Barangay Monitoring Team

3.2. Institutional set up

What is the institutional set up? What are the roles and responsibilities?
What manpower/ human resources are needed? What skills they need to
have?

Legitimization

Implementation

Technical
Assistance

SP/SB

Steering Committee (SC)

C/M DC

Chair Mayor, Co-Chair DENR CENRO, SB

Environment, LGU staff, ABC president, POs,
NGOs, Academe, partners

Provincial
Forestland
Management
Committee (PFMC)

BDC

C/M ENRO
SW FMU CR
Barangay Officials
Barangay Monitoring
Teams/Community Organizers

Provincial Forestland
Assistance Team (PFAT)
Focal Persons
(CENRO/ENRD)

PROCESS: FLUP MONITORING PLAN

PROBLEMS

OBJECTIVES

1. ISSUES,
POTENTIALS,
CONSTRAINT
S

2.
OUTCOMES

CHANGES IN
LANDUSE

5. TARGETS &
INDICATORS

MEDIUM TERM PLAN

3.
STRATEGIES

LGU STRATEGIES

1. Monitoring Plan for

monitoring of changes in
landuse

4.
OUTPUTS

RESULTS OF
ACTIVITIES

2. Format to conduct
evaluation of results
based WFP

3.3. Monitoring Plan

How outcomes and outputs are monitored to
know that we are heading to the right
direction?
What will barangay, municipal level, DENR
monitor? Who is coordinating monitoring?
How the monitoring data is used to
asses/evaluate periodically the progress and
link this to revision of FLUP plans and
activities?

3.3. Monitoring Plan

For each outcome indicator (expected change in
landuse and management practices) consider:
What data is needed to asses or calculate the
indicator?
How often should data be collected?
Where will the data come from?
How will the data be collected?
Who will be responsible for data collection?

3.3. Monitoring Plan (OUTCOMES)

1.

For each outcome/target establish indicators

and decide how to collect data:
EXAMPLE:
How often
Where will
should data the data
be collected? come from?

How will
the data be
collected?

Who will be
responsible
for data
collection?

1200 hectares of upland natural

every 5 years updating of
forest cover map
forest cover (including scrubland)
(2013, 2018, FLUP forest
(upland/natural)
remains
2022)
cover map

ground
verification

ENRO

Natural forest of Guihulngan City

and protected and improved.

What data is
needed to asses
or calculate the
indicator?

recording on
every year
conversion areas

monitoring of ground
barangay
verification

BENRO
(x,x,x,)

3.3. Monitoring Plan (OUTPUTS)

2.

Evaluation of output targets based on WFP during periodical

evaluation workshop, evaluation form
EXAMPLE:
MONITORING OF OUTPUTS: What do we need to go there?
Accomplishment
OUTPUT
(rating during the annual evaluation) Justification
Excellent/Full
Partially
List all outputs
Why that rating was chosen?
Little or no
y
accomplished/
included in the WFP Accomplished Some results accomplishment NA What is the proof?
Functional Steering
EO formulated, 4 meetings
Committee
x
organized
ENRO designate, 3 casual,
Functional ENRO
x
200,000PHP budget/spending
xx

Periodical Progress Evaluation

Decide who and how periodical evaluation of
FLUP implementation will be organized, who will
participate?
1.
2.
EXAMPLE:
CONTENT OF PERIODICAL EVALUATION
1.Based on agreed monitoring plan partners will report on
outcome/target indicators
2.Achievements are evaluated based on outputs of annual work and
financial plan together with participants of workshop evaluation
format
3.Changes/new strategies are discussed based on evaluation (can
change medium term plan)
4.New WFP drafted -Reviewed and approved by Steering Committee

Format for
Medium Term
Plan and Annual
WFP

3.4. Medium Term Plan

PROCESS OF MEDIUM TERM PLAN PREPARATION:
1.

Insert expected outputs (targets)/within allocation

2.

Insert expected general outputs/ not specific to allocation

3.

Decide priority areas and priority outputs

4.

Spread targets to planning period (align with CLUP)

5.

Decide unit and unit cost (can be done after preparing 1y-

WFP)
FINANCING:
Based on Institutional Analysis conducted during the strategic
planning consider:
What is current spending to FL management?
Who is financing the activities?
How this funding can be used to implement FLUP?
What additional resources are needed?

Table 23. Medium Term Plan

Format to prepare Medium Term Plan (note that only OUTPUTS will be included, first outputs within each
allocation then general OUTPUTS)
Consider costing only after preparing 1-year
WFP
UNIT
NO. ACTIVITIES AND OUTPUTS
UNIT
COST
2014
2015
2016
(000)
(000)
(000)
(000)
PHP
PHP
UNITS PHP UNITS PHP UNITS PHP
EXPECTED OUTPUTS RELATED TO SPECIFIC
A
ALLOCATION/TENURE
FIRST ALLOCATION (for
1 example existing CBFMAs)
PATULAKAS AND TALLFA
1.1. STRENGTHENED
Trainings in PO management
trn
Updated PO policies (benefit
sharing, structure, roles,
responsibilities)
policy
Updated CRMF
CRMF
Boundary survey and listing of
claimants
survey
Forest guards
people
SECOND ALLOCATION (for
2 example SIFMAs)
2.1. OUTPUT
STEP 1./sub-output

NO. ACTIVITIES AND OUTPUTS

UNIT
(000)
PHP

GENERAL OUTPUTS (not under specific

allocation)

POLICIES

1.1. Enforcement of "protection"

Zoning ordinance includes
FLUP protection zone
2

ordinance

INSTITUTIONS

1.1. Functional Steering Committee

SC meetings

mtg

Capacity building of SC

training

1.2. Functional MENRO

MENRO personnel (salary,
travel)

Office costs, running costs

Capacity building of MENRO
personnel

people

lump sum
training

UNIT
COST
PHP

2014
2015
(000)
(000)
UNITS PHP UNITS PHP

3.5. One year work and financial plan

PROCESS TO PREPARE 1y-WFP:
1. Insert expected outputs (targets)/within allocation FIRST

YEAR
2. Insert expected general outputs/ not specific to
allocation FIRST YEAR

3. Decide specific activities needed to reach outputs

4. Decide unit and unit cost

3.5. One year work and financial plan

Table 24. Work and Financial
Plan
Format to prepare WFP (note that only OUTPUTS from first year of
implementation will be included)
NO. ACTIVITIES

UNIT OF
MEASURE

TARGET

UNIT COST
(000)PHP

TOTAL COST
(000)PHP

FUND
SOURCE

RESPONSIBLE

A EXPECTED OUTPUTS RELATED TO SPECIFIC ALLOCATION/TENURE

1 OUTPUT 1.
1.1.
1.2.
1.3.
2 OUTPUT 2.
2.2.
2.3.
FINANCING:
2.4.

Consider which activities have to be conducted to produce the agreed outputs?

How many outputs/activities (target)?
Cost per activity/output?
Where funds are derived?
Who is responsible to conduct the activity?

Forest Land Use Plan Integration

Medium Term Plan

CLUP
1.

CLUP ready FLUP

Maps

2.

Proposed landuse
Map of FL (two
zones Protection FL,
Production FL)

3.

Annual WFP

AIP 2014
1.Y Progress Evaluation
Based on WFP & Monitoring Plan

Annual WFP

Protection into
zoning ordinance?

AIP 2015

2.Y Progress Evaluation

Next time CLUP

updated also FLUP
Medium Term Plan
updated!

Based on WFP & Monitoring Plan

Annual WFP

AIP 2016

Coming together is a Beginning.

Working together is Progress.
Staying together is Success!
Thank you!!!