Members of the Plant

Kingdom

Phyla of Plants
The Plant Kingdom can be divided into
several phyla, so of which include:
Bryophyts mosses and liverworts
Filicinophyta ferns
Coniferophyta coniferous plants
Angiospermatophyta flowering plants

Evolution of Plants

Bryophytes
Were they live
Bryophytes live in damp or moist areas.

How they transport materials

They do not have vascular tissue or true roots, leaves
or stems.
So absorption of water must take place on all surface
areas.

How they reproduce

They do not produce flowers.
The male gamete is motile and swims in water to
female gamete.

Bryophytes
Life cycle
The mossy green plant we see is the haploid
gametophyte.
The gametophyte produces gametes by mitosis.
The gametes join to make a diploid sporophyte.
The sporophyte grows by mitosis to sit on top of the
haploid gametophyte.
The sporophyte produces haploid spores by meiosis.
The spores are release and grow into the
gametophyte.
The gametophyte is the dominate stage of the life
cycle.

Bryophytes
Structure
The body of the plant
is the gametophyte
with the sporophytes
sticking up off of it.
It does not have true
roots but rather
Rhizoids.

Filicinophyta
Were they live
Filicinophyta live in damp or moist areas.

How they transport materials

They are vascular plants.
This means they have specialized transport system: vascular
bundles.
They have true roots, leaves and stems.

How they reproduce

They do not produce flowers.
The male gamete is motile and swims in water to female
gamete.
They produce to types of spores (microspores; male and
megaspores; female)

Filicinophyta
Life cycle
The green plant we see is the diploid sporopyte.
The sporophyte produces haploid spores by meiosis.
The spores are release and grow into the haploid
gametophyte which is called the prothallus.
The gametophyte produces gametes by mitosis.
The gametes join to make a zygote.
The zygote grows by mitosis to form the diploid
sporophyte.
The diploid sporophyte is the dominate stage of the
life cycle.

Fern Life cycle

Fern Structure

Coniferophyta
Were they live
Can live in dry/ moist soil

How they transport materials

They are vascular plants.

This means they have specialized transport system: vascular bundles.
Xylem contains tracheids and no vessels.
Phloem is missing companion cells
They have true roots, leaves and stems.

How they reproduce

They produce to types of spores (microspores; male called pollen grain
and megaspores; female called embryosac)
Spores develop on cones
The gametes are not motile.
Seeds are not enclosed in an ovary and plant makes no fruit.

Angiospermophyta
Were they live
Can live in dry/ moist soil

How they transport materials

They are vascular plants.
This means they have specialized transport system: vascular
bundles.
Xylem contains tracheids and vessels.
Phloem has companion cells
They have true roots, leaves and stems.

How they reproduce

They produce to types of spores
The gametes are not motile.
Seeds are enclosed in an ovary and develop into a fruit after
fertilization.