1

A simple line activated by l or line.

Three methods for drawing a line..
a)Absolute method (Measurements w.r.t origin)
b)Relative method (Measurements w.r.t last point)
c)Polar method (Measurements including angle)
It is the most important command and is used in
every
design made in AutoCAD.

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What happens if size

of
both axes of rotation
becomes equal??

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1)Erase
3)Mirror.
5)Array.
7)Rotate.
9)Stretch.
11)Break.
13)Fillet.

2)Copy
4)Offset.
6)Move.
8)Scale.
10)Trim.
12)Chamfer.
14)Explode.

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1)Extrude.
2)Revolve.
3)Orbit.
parameters.
4)Zoom.
5)Pan.
6)Views.
7)Design Center.
8)UCS.

9)Line parameters.
10)Text parameters.
11)Dimension

12)Units.
13)Inquiry.
14)Draft Settings.
15)Solid editing.
16)Facetres.

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Activated by command extrude or ext.

Used for creating 3D solids.
After selecting this command, we select object
in 2D
to be converted into 3D.Then we specify the
height to
which it is to be extruded.
After that , we select the angle through which
this
solid is to be extruded . This angle should lie

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Activated by command rev or revolve.

Used to produce 3D solids.

After selecting this command, we select the 2D

solid
to be converted into 3D solid and then revolve it
according to X-axis or Y-axis.

Revolving around any one of axis we get a 3D

solid .

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Activated by command orbit.

Used to spin the solids and observe them .
There are two types of orbit:
1)3D orbit:
The type of orbit which is controlled by us all time
and as we leave mouse, object stops spinning.

2)3D continuous orbit:

The type of orbit which is controlled by us only
one time and if we leave mouse , it continues its
motion in same path.

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Activated by command v or view.

Used to observe our object from different angles.

Different types of views:

1)Top View.
2)Bottom View.
View.
3)Back View.
View.
4)Front View.
View.

6)Left View.
7)NE Isometric
8)SW Isometric
9)NW Isometric

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Activated by command dcenter.

Contains a large number of in-built items used in
making different types of images.

There are different types of items relative to

different
fields such as:
Capacitors, ground, battery for Electrical field.
Machine parts for Mechanical field.
Different house related items for Civil etc.

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UCS stands for Ultimate Coordinate System.

Activated by command UCS.
Used to change reference axes.

For example to make an image in 3D, first we

make
an image in 2D and then make another over it by
changing UCS.
While making any solid , we place Z-axis in such
a

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Line parameters refer to line type , line color

and line thickness.

It can be activated by commands:

1.Line weight:
It is used for changing thickness of line.
2.Line type:
It is used to change the type of line.

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Activated by command textstyle or ddstyle.

Text helps in understanding ,construction and
working
of object.

It includes following parameters:

1.Font Of Text: It decides font of added text.
2.Size Of Text: It indicates the size of text to be
used in
diagram.

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Activated by command dim.

Show dimensions of a particular image.
Parameters used in dimensions:
1.Linear dimensions:
Dimensions of lines are measured by linear dimension.
2.Angular dimensions:
Dimensions including angles are measured by angular
dimension.
3.Radial/Dia dimensions:
Dimensions including radius or diameter of arc or circle is
measured by radial/Dia dimension.

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Activated by command Units.

Units are really important in making a good
model.

Various units measuring length and angle can

be
used ranging from:
o Engineering and decimal in length and degrees,
o Radians and gradients in angle.

Precision in results can be changed.

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Activated from Tools toolbar.

It is used to inquire and get info about any image.

Parameters present in inquiry:

1)List: It gives complete information about an images
including lengths, angles, radii, circumferences ,
areas ,
distance from origin etc.
2)Distance: It gives distance between two points.
3)Area: It gives area of image.
4)ID Point: It gives distance from origin.

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Activated by command dsettings.

Locate different geometric points of an image

such as endpoint , midpoint , tangent to circle,
nearest
point to line etc.

It contains an option of Polar Tracking by

means of
which we can check magnitude and angle of our

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Solid editing refers to editing a solid in 3D.

Parameters:
1)Extrude Faces: Used to extrude faces of a 3D solid.
2)Taper Faces: Used to produce tapered faces in object.
3)Color Faces: Used to color individual faces of 3D solid.
4)Union: It is usually performed at the end . It is used to
combine different components of an image.
5)Intersection: It is used to get the component of image
which is common between two parts.

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Activated by command facetres.

Applied on the surface after writing regen in
command bar and pressing enter.

Increases smoothness of an object.

The smoothness factor value can be between
0.5
and 10. 0.5 represent most rough whereas 10
represent most smooth surface.

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Adding material is activated by command

rmat.

This is achieved by:

Using commands of Solid Editing
Using another method known as Adding
Material.

o
o

It adds much more life to your object and

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These were basic

terminologies used in
AutoCAD..
Hope u understood it
well!!
Here is an example
model for u to
practice

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The above figure is made by following these steps:

1)Making a base
2) Forming Stand
3) Formation Of Circles On Main Base
Rectangle
4) Formation Of A Hollow Circle At Top
5) Formation Of A Triangle Between Two Lower
Holes
6) Modifying Or Giving Some Life/Color To

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A base for this object can be

made by constructing a
rectangle of desired
dimension let say(length=85
and breadth=65).
After that we extrude
rectangle at desired height
let say(16) and angle of
0(degrees).

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Here UCS would be changed as line will be drawn in space.

In order to form a stand, we draw a line of desired length let
say(60) from center of long side of rectangle.
UCS changed!!
After that we draw a circle of desired radius let say(6) with
center at end point of line from midpoint .
Then we draw two tangent lines from both endpoints of long
side of rectangle to circle and complete object by polyline
and pedit.
Then we extrude this whole object at desired length let
say(16).

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Then we form circles of desired radii let

say(3) on main rectangle at equal distance

let say(10) from mid point of short side of
rectangle.

Then we extrude both the circles in

downward

direction with such extrusion length that

they

cross through our developing image with

extrusion angle of 0 degrees.

After that ,to create holes we subtract our

extruded circles from our developing

geometry

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In order to create a hollow circle at the top , we form a

circle
with desired radius let say(5) inside the circle formed
earlier and
then extrude it with such extrusion length that it crosses
through our developing image with extrusion angle of 0
degrees.
After that ,to create hole we subtract our extruded circle
from our developing geometry through subtract command.

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In order to form a triangle of desired sides between two

circles as support to stand we form a triangle by polylines.
After formation of triangle by polylines between two
circles
we extrude it along any one side.
In order to obtain same extruded triangle along other
side we
use extrude faces from solid editing. We also perform union
and
facetres at this stage.

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In order to add some life to

our

design ,we will use command

of
solid editing.

By solid editings option

color

faces ,we can select faces and

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