LITERATURE STUDY

Queensland Performing Arts Centre

The Queensland Performing Arts Centre (also known as QPAC) is part of
the Queensland Cultural Centre and is located on the corner of Melbourne Street
and Grey Street in Brisbane's South Bank precinct.
QPAC was designed by local architect Robin Gibson in the mid-1970s, after State
Cabinet formally recognised in 1972 the need for a new Queensland Art Gallery
and a new major performing arts centre, in addition to a new location for the
Queensland Museum and State Library.
Each year QPAC hosts around 1000 performances across its four theatres and
outdoor spaces. The centre's versatile venues accommodate a wide variety of
performance including dance, musicals, theatre, opera, comedy and contemporary
and classical music concerts featuring leading Queensland, Australian and
international actors, dancers, musicians, artists and companies. In addition, QPAC
co-produces and invests in some of Australia's most innovative and successful
shows and free outdoor programs.

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Performance spaces of Qpac

The Lyric Theatre is a proscenium theatre and is the largest venue in QPAC, with a
seating capacity of approximately 2,000. It is Brisbane's main venue
for musicals, operas and ballets.
The Concert Hall is the second largest venue in QPAC, with a seating capacity of
approximately 1,600 (1,800 if the choir balcony seats are used). It is Brisbane's
main venue for orchestral performances although it is also used for comedy
performances, graduation ceremonies and awards presentations. The venue
features a 6,566 pipe Klais organ which was built in 1986.
The Playhouse is a proscenium theatre and is the third largest venue in QPAC,
with a seating capacity of approximately 850. The venue was constructed in 1997
and its premiere production was The Marriage of Figaro, with Geoffrey Rush in the
title role of Figaro, in September 1998.
The Cremorne Theatre is the fourth largest venue in QPAC with a capacity of 200
to 300 depending on its configuration. It is a reconfigurable performance space
with six configurations (proscenium, theatre in the round, concert, cabaret, cinema
or flat floor).Its name has been taken from an earlier venue in the vicinity,
the Cremorne Theatre. Located at the entrance to the Cremorne Theatre is
the Tony Gould Gallery; it features changing exhibits related to the performing
arts, including theatre, opera, ballet, dance, costumes and scenery. The exhibits are
organised by the QPAC Museum.

Name

Capacity

Lyric Theatre

2,000

Concert Hall

1,6001,800

Playhouse

850

Cremorne
Theatre

200300

PERFORMING ART CENTRE

Main
performances
Musical
Opera
Ballet
Orchesta
Theatre
Ballet
Theatre
Comedy
Cabaret

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LYRIC THEATRE

2,000 seat Lyric Theatre of QPAC is having Exceptional acoustics,

large main and rear stages, an orchestra pit and a magical
atmosphere of warmth and elegance make the Lyric Theatre the
preferred venue for local, interstate and international performers.
Constructed in the traditional horseshoe shape, the auditorium has
continental seating with stalls and two levels of balconies.
The stage area includes main, side and rear stages, proscenium arch
and apron. The pit may be raised to create a thrust stage and the rear
stage can be acoustically isolated so the main and rear stages may be
used concurrently.

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LYRIC THEATRE DRAWINGS

SEATING

PLAN

SECTION
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CONCERT HALL

The QPAC Concert Halls magnificent architecture and acoustics work to

deliver a truly memorable performance to each of the 1,600 seats front of
stage. The seating capacity can expand to 1,800 when the choir balcony
seats are used.
Although primarily designed for orchestral performances, the Concert Hall
displays a versatility that adapts to a range of events including popular
music, jazz, stand-up comedy, graduation ceremonies and award
presentations. Towering above the stage, the magnificent Klais Grand
Organ, with its impressive array of 6,500 pipes, forms the central
architectural focus of the space.

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CONCERT HALL DRAWINGS

SEATING

BALCONY

PLAN

SECTION
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PLAYHOUSE

Built in 1997, the 850 seat Playhouse is a state-of-the-art venue

offering access to cutting edge technology and stage design in a
traditional proscenium theatre.
The Playhouse is the ultimate performance space with a flexible
proscenium arch, large main and rear stages, side stage, apron,
orchestra pit, a Biltflor sprung dance floor and direct dock-to-stage
loading.

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PLAYHOUSE DRAWINGS

PLAN

SECTION

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CREMORNE THEATRE

The Cremorne Theatre is QPAC's most adaptable venue offering the

option of six configurations: proscenium, theatre-in-the-round,
concert, cabaret, cinema or flat floor modes. This flexibility allows
presenters the luxury of creating a space to suit their production.
Due to its chameleon nature, the free-form Cremorne Theatre is a
performance space with boundless possibilities. This intimate and
versatile venue is ideal for creative productions, experimental
theatre, product launches and lectures.
Capacity: 302 (theatre); 220 (cocktail); 200 (banquet).

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CREMORNE THEATRE DRAWINGS

LAYOUT

PLAN

SECTION
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STUDIOS

With easy access from South Bank Parklands, Studios 1 and 2 allow
privacy away from the busy hub of QPAC. The Studios are suitable
spaces for performances, workshops, auditions and rehearsals and are
flexible enough to allow a range of seating and staging
configurations. Creative theming and minimum effort will transform
the Studios into the environment of your choice - an elegant dining
room, a lecture room with tiered seating or a festive party
atmosphere.
Capacity
Studio 1: 200 (cocktail); 195 (seated)
Studio 2: 180 (cocktail); 170 (seated)

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STUDIOS DRAWINGS

STUDIOS - 1

STUDIOS - 2

SECTION

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OTHER FACILITIES
CASCADE COURT
This open air courtyard, situated on the Melbourne Street side of QPAC, has
seating for approximately 270 diners, is serviced by QPAC's fully licensed Bistro
and features a permanent performance space which regularly hosts free
performances.

FUNCTION AND EVENT SPACES

The prestigious riverside location and quality facilities of QPAC provide a range
of unique spaces for every social occasion and corporate event. Experienced
staff are on hand to assist with all your requirements.

Rooftop Terrace Function Room

This magnificent function room features
floor-to-ceiling glass walls on three sides and
an adjoining open air terrace. Guests enjoy
breathtaking views of city lights reflected in
the Brisbane River. This venue is one of
Brisbane's best function locations. Capacity:
82 (cocktail); 70 (seated); 202 (when
combined with outdoor terrace)

Lyric Theatre Lounge

This lounge overlooks the Brisbane River to
the City and enjoys easy access to the
Playhouse and Lyric Theatre for interval and
pre-performance entertaining. Capacity: 110
(cocktail); 80 (seated)

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PLAYHOUSE LOUNGE
This spacious venue is popular for its 'corner
view' of the South Bank precinct and sits
adjacent to the Lyric Theatre Lounge, with
direct access to the Playhouse. Capacity: 120
(cocktail); 90 (seated)

FOYERS
These elegant open spaces in prestige
locations offer flexibility in size and the
opportunity to feature display material.

LYREBIRD RESTAURANT
Offering elegant la carte dining, this fully
licensed restaurant is a destination in its own
right, with seats for up to 170 guests.

RECEPTION ROOM
Offering complete privacy, the Reception
Room - adjacent to the Box Office - is ideal for
greeting VIP guests and for more intimate preand post-performance receptions.

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Toronto Centre for the Arts

The Toronto Centre for the Arts, previously known as the Ford Centre for the
Performing Arts, is a performing arts center in Toronto. It opened in 1993 as
the North York Performing Arts Centre and was designed by Canadian
architect Eberhard Zeidler for musicals, theatre productions and other
performing arts.
It houses three theatres:
the Main Stage Theatre with 1727 seats
the George Weston Recital Hall with 1036 seats
a multi-purpose 200-seat studio theatre

USA

CANADA

PERFORMING ART CENTRE

TORONTO

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MAIN STAGE
The Main Stage at the Toronto Centre for the Arts is a superior theatre. A
majesticroom, the Main Stage has perfect theatrical ambiance. Finished in
opulent tone of pewter, gold and cream and filled with rich red seats accented
in ebony, the Main Stage continually meets and exceeds the sophisticated
visual and technical demands of theatre as well as international touring
ballets, orchestras and operas.
The Main Stage's technological achievements are many. Segmented, nearly
imperceptible convex walls direct sound energy throughout the hall.
Absorptive sound panels and acoustic velour drapes can be drawn to alter
sounds to the exact specifications of the most demanding technicians.
Amplified sound for special performances is delivered via banks of speakers
hidden within the hall's proscenium arch. The presence of background noise is
minimal. The circulation of air is supplied through an underseat duct system
that quietly replenishes the fresh air supply to each member of the audience.
The Main Stage delivers an unbelievable package. Excellent sound
engineering in a stunningly beautiful and comfortable room.
The Main Stage was designed to provide superior acoustics in a variety of
configurations. The overhang has been reduced to increase the comfort of the
audience on the main floor while serving to enhance the rich acoustics and
sight lines of the 1,727 seats, all of which are within 85 feet of the stage. The
dress-circle and balcony loges along the sides make for a European styled
intimacy.

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MAIN STAGE DRAWINGS

PLAN

DRESS CIRCLE

ORCHESTRA LEVEL

BALCONY

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GEORGE WESTON RECITAL HALL

The George Weston Recital is widely recognized as Canada's best recital hall
and one of the top concert venues in the world. The Hall was opened on
November 22, 1993.
The Recital Hall is an acoustically ideal rectangular room. This shape creates
the conditions that make it possible to hear the thunderous 4th movement of
Beethoven's 9th symphony as effectively as an actor's whispered aside. The
audience is seated on two levels with the single balcony wrapping around the
stage from above, establishing the appreciated intimacy necessary for the
performance connection between artist and audience. The walls of the hall
have been meticulously insulated, the process responsible for the near
complete exclusion of background noise. For further sound manipulation,
retractable curtains and panels provide optimal listening conditions in a variety
of configurations.
The modern lines of polished bird's eye maple, plum colour seats, a midnight
blue background and determined architectural details make for an aesthetic
victory to complement the world class sound that is synonymous with the
Toronto Centre for the Arts

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GEORGE WESTON RECITAL HALL

LOWER LEVEL

UPPER LEVEL

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STUDIO THEATRE
The "black box" design of the Studio Theatre makes for an ingenious
performance space dedicated to the demands of small scale performances.
Developedont he courtier model, the Studio's flexible space accommodates
proscenium style drama, theatre in the round, experimental formats and
cabaret style dinner theatre. It is also the perfect spacefor
multi-media and corporate presentations.
The 200 seat house (maximum capacity) is an incredibly versatile room.
Retractable seating and wrap-around loges allow for a variety of seating
configurations. The Studio Theatre is acoustically protected from neighboring
rooms as well as from the outside and it is hard-wired to the Centre's state of
the art recording studio. Panels and curtains provide exceptional acoustic
versatility to accommodate the most exacting artistic standards.
The most contemporary room in the Centre, the Studio Theatre is part
futuristic, part Bauhaus with a stunning mixture of black and steel, accented
by pale blue, comfortably modern chairs. A house track lighting system and a
comprehensive grid lighting system for the stage complete an exceptionally
inspiring room.

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THE GALLERY
The Gallery derives its name from its original purpose: an art gallery. Formerly
the home of the Art Gallery of North York, and then the prestigious Museum of
Contemporary Canadian Art, the Gallery is now one of our most sought after
spaces. Its high ceilings, huge windows, and beautiful hardwood floors make it a
bright and versatile spacea blank canvas waiting to be painted.
Capacity varies, dependant on configuration:
110StandingCocktailReception
104LectureorConcert
90 Seated Dinner or Meeting
The Gallery also boasts acoustic paneling and a Mason and Hamlin Baby Grand
Piano perfect for a cocktail reception or recital as well as an interior stairwell
leading to its sister space, the Piano Lounge. These spaces may be used in
conjunction or separately from each other, but always impress, no matter the
combination! Joint uses of the space have included weddings, corporate
meetings, and events.
Close to the George Weston Recital Hall
Internal staircase linking upper and lower levels
Self-contained reception space with an approx. capacity of up to 130 people
standing
Ideal for small receptions and meetings, related or independent of a theatre
event
The Lower Gallery (formally the Piano Lounge) has a catering prep area
attached with a small loading bay

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KALA ACADEMY , GOA

The kala academy is a vibrant representation of the culture and art of the
people og Goa and this is expressed in the staggering amount and variety of
cultural programmes held in its premises. In November, Kala academy morphs
fluidlt into the main hub of the International Film Festival of India, holding
three to four screening a day, the Film Bazaar and the Media Centre. Press
briefings for the international and national press are also held in the Black Box
theatre during the film festival.
Location : At panjim, south goa, bank of Mandovi river, Area has mixed land
use with a military hospital across the road, a cricket ground and a park on
either side
Architect : Charles Correa
Building Type : Institution
Site Area : 6.3acres
Site Gradient : Gentle Slope
Climate : Hot and Humid
Construction : commenced in 1973 but
finished in 1983

Goa , india

Kala academy

PERFORMING ART CENTRE

Panjim,Goa
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LAYOUT :
Four entries to the site
Boat jetty provided on the river side
Coverage is about 40%
Well defined pedestrian and vehicular systems Includes
the cafeteria, garden and amphitheatre.
Site is divided into main building service building,
muktangan, parking area, the exhibition space.

Layout
plan
BUILDING STYLE AND CHARACTER :
Importance to the process of moving through the spaces in a building.
Built form has been kept low ranging from one to three floors.
This is further enhanced by the use of parapet walls for upper floors, which
emphasize horizontally.
The 'pergola 'above the entrance acts as an extension to the foyer of the main
auditorium and amphitheatre.
Use of wafer slabs and parapet walls
Extensive use of specially designed seating
Interior walls are painted with pictures mostly depicting Konkanise culture
and create illusion

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BUILDING LEVEL ZONING :
The building comprises of 3
story with total built up area of
12,000 sq.mts.
Building is divided into three
zones:
Public,
Adminisration,
Academic

Provided at different levels so

as to avoid conflict between
these zones Ground floor
includes
facilities
like
auditorium, Preview Theater,
amphitheatre, art gallery, and
canteen etc, where public
entry is invited First and
second floors include academic
and administration facilities. 3
groups of people using the
building:
Staff,
students,
audience
Circulation linked to the zoning and has been segregated by separating them
through levels - ground floor for audience functions and first and second floor
for staff and students with a necessary degree of inter linking

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FACILITIES AT KALA ACADEMY :
1) D.M Kalamandir
10) Cafeteria
2) OAT ( open air theatre )
11) Library
3) Mini OAT
12) Teaching Studio
4) Black Box
13) Green Room
5) Rehearsal Room
14) Kitchen
6) Art Gallery
15) Administration
7) Meeting Room
16) Reception
8) Guest Room
17) Lounge
9) Preview Theatre
PLAN

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D.M KALA MANDIR (A. C AUDITORIUM) :
Seating capacity 954
PLAN
Stage opening - 9.6 m
Area - 1300 sq.m
Orchestra pit- 7.2 x 2.1 m
Procenium stage opening 81 to 96 cm
Procenium height 39 cm
No of green room : 3
Variety of acoustical conditions ranging
from speech, plays to sitar recitals and
orchestral arrangements.
Changes made by manipulating
absorbent materials placed within inner
compartments hidden from view above
the ceiling.
Walls of the auditorium are painted illusions of an old goan theatre .
Behind the figures in the boxes real curtains may be pulled to reduce
reverberation time in space.
Stage is 80cm high from the first row.
Raking height varies from 10-20 cm

SECTION

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OAT ( open air theatre ) :
Seating capacity (no chair) - 2000
Seating capacity (chair) - 1312
Proscenium opening - 15m
Depth from curtain line- 12m
No of green room - 2
Amphitheatre is of double herringbone
shape.
Main entry from road main lobby and the
restaurant area.
Stage is raised at 75cm above the ground
floor level (eye level of the first row)
Lower Seat rise - 30 cm and
tread of 100 cm Higher Seat rise
of 45 cm
Acoustics are good as the seats
block out noise from the road
side and the stage blocks out
noise from the river side

PLAN

SECTION

MINI OPEN AIR THEATRE:

Capacity - 300 people.
Used as an outdoor classroom and
meeting space
Oat has a tread of 85cm and rise of 45
cm. steep risers give it excellent sightlines.
farthest seat is 6m away .
Two aisles run along either end.
The width is 120cm and The steps have
15cm risers and 28 cm treads.
The stage is square is shape and has an
area of 7.5 x 7.5 m

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BLACK BOX :
Seating capacity withOUT chair 250
Seating capacity with chair 170
Stage 10m * 1.5m
Area - 175 sq.m Used for experimental productions, music concerts,
meetings and amateur performances. Also used as a recording studio.
Control room and a green room provided. Black box lobby is also provided.

ADMINISTRATION SPACE :
Administrative area is on the first floor.
The area divided into closed and open
cabinets total area comes to around 500 sq.m.
Glass and exposed concrete were used
Separate cabins made of plywood
Cabins each of 3 5 sqm
Separate office room for higher authorities
Mini lounge area for visitors

PLAN

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ART GALLERY :
Running wall space - 30 x 1.50 mts approx
Carpet area of gallery - 90sq.mts approx.
When exhibitions are not happening painting of children are displayed.
The exhibits are displayed on the wall on four sides.
Lighting features are very normal no facility to hold a good exhibition.
A track is provided on all the walls, where the hook is given for hanging the
paintings
Paintings are hanged on the hook, it may not look nice in the context of
exhibition but its looks simple as the building context
Cove lightings are used in gallery of the light and can be adjusted
Since the intensity of the light is less, the light is spread on the wall.

. PREVIEW THEATRE :
Capacity of 24.
Used during IFFI for special screening.
Has got a jury room and projector room attached.
Particle board has been used for acoustical effect.

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LIBRARY :
Area - 135 SQ.M
Library is in proximity with mini oat.
Books are raked in glass shelves
reading desk for 11 people only
12 major shelves
32 small shelves
4 casette shelves
tandoor stone flooring durable brick
wall painted white incandescent lighting

PLAN

CAFETERIA : 100 CAPACITY

Square table are provided each with 4 seats 3
sides open in to the outdoor landscape It is
accessible from all theatre meeting room - 45
sq.m
C area of the room 7.30 x 6.15 sq.mts
Room has one big table and six chairs

PARKING :
Parking facilities is provided on the southeastern side.
Nearly 250 public parking are provided.
Special VIP and staff parking provided.

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TEACHING STUDIO :
All the music studios are of the same size 3.3 x 2.6ms
Central air conditioning is provided for all class
rooms.
Acoustically treated classrooms with the same type
of padding provided for the walls and ceilings.
Three walls are faced with linen material and glass
wool, the rest is paneled with wood particle board

SERVICES :
The service buildings (AC plant and generator room) are provided on the
western corner of the site no way disrupting the normal functioning of the
building.
Two separate service entries have been provided. One to the generator room
and the other on the eastern corner of the site.
The eastern entry caters to the need of the amphitheatre and the canteen.
A loading deck has also been provided here The septic tank is provided
underneath the garden.

DARYA SANGAM :
In order to cater the need of the public, the kala
academy has developed an open arena adjecent to
river mandovi.
It is used for receptions and cultural activities
The area can be covered with temporary pandal and
adequate seating arrangement
Size of yhe path 11m* 9m * 0.4m
Approx area of the space 2000sqm

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ANALYSIS :

The layout and the building zoning provided are

Excellent has brought in a different overall treatment.
Good acoustical treatment
The flow of spaces has resulted in a good built-open
relationship.
Good use of site features has successfully made the
public spaces interesting by use of sculptures,
paintings, seatings etc.
The cafeteria is the most active space with good
view to the river.
Vehicular and pedestrian ways properly defined.
Service blocks are separated
Security measures provided are minimum.
Signage provided is minimum.
The trees have to some extent blocked the view to
the river Public spaces too large.

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