NATIONAL HEALTH

PROGRAMMES

Why National Health Programs?

Disease

burden is high
Geogrpahical spread
Proven strategies for prevention and control are
available
Adequate infrastructure is in place
Resources for programme impelmenation are
available.

TYPES

Communicable
diseases

NonCommunicable
diseases

Community
Nutrition
Programmes

Maternal&
child health

Others

COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Revised

National Tuberculosis Control Programme

(RNTCP)
National Vector Borne Disease C.P. (NVBDCP)
National Anti- Malaria programme
National Filaria Control programme
Kala-Azar Control Programme
Japanese Encephalitis Control
Dengue Fever Control

COMMUNICABLE DISEASES
Yaws

Eradication Programme
National Leprosy Eradication programme
National Pulse Polio Programme
Universal Immunization Programme
National Aids Control Programme
National

Diarrhoeal Diseases Control Prog.

National Surveillance Programme for Communicable
Diseases (Integrated Disease Surveillance Project)

NON- COMMUNICABLE DISEASE

National

Programme for Control of Blindness

National Cancer Control of Programme
National Mental Health Programme
National Diabetes Control Programme

COMMUNITY NUTRITION
PROGRAMMES
Vitamin A prophylaxis

programmes
Prophylaxis Against Nutritional anaemia
Control of Iodine deficiency disorders
Special Nutrition programme
Balwadi Nutrition programme
Midday Meal Programme

MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH

Reproductive

and Child Health Programme

Integrated mother and child development services
(ICDS)
National Rural Health Mission
National Family Welfare Programme

OTHERS
National

Water supply and Sanitation Programme

Minimum Needs Programme
20 Point Programme
National Programme for Control and Treatment
and Control Of Occupational Diseases

National Health Policies

National

Health Policy 2002

National Population Policy 2000
National AIDS control and Prevention Policy
National Blood Policy
National Policy for empowerment of Women 2001
National Charter for Children
National Youth Policy 2001998
National Nutrition Policy

1.National Vector Borne Diseases

Control Programme (NVBDCP)
Malaria,

Filariasis,
Kala-azar,
Japanese encephalitis,
dengue
chikun gunya

MALARIA
1953

Launching of National Malaria Control

Programme ( NMCP )
1958 NMCP was changed to National Malaria
Eradication Programme
1965 Cases reduced to 0.1 million
Early 1970s Resurgence of malaria
1977 Modified Plan of Operation implemented

 1997

World Bank assisted Enhanced Malaria Control

Project ( EMCP ) launched
1999 renaming of programme to National Anti Malaria
Programme ( NAMP )
2002 Renaming of NAMP to National Vector Borne
Control Programme
2005 Global Fund assisted Intensified Malaria Control
Project ( IMCP )
2005 introduction of RDT in the programme

 2006

ACT introduced in areas showing

chloroquine resistance in falciparum malaria
2008 ACT extended to high Pf predominant
districts covering about 95% Pf cases
2008 world Bank Supported National Malaria
Control Project launched
2009 Introduction of LLINs

ELIMINATION OF LYMPHATIC
DISEASES
Launched

in 1955
The strategy of lymphatic filariasis elimination is
through;
Annual Mass Drug Administration ( MDA ) of single
dose of antifilarial drug for 5 years or more to the
eligible population
Home based management of lymphoedema cases and
upscaling of hydrocele operations in identified CHCs /
district hospitals / medical colleges

KALA-AZAR
The strategies for kala-azar elimination are:
Enhanced

case detection and complete treatment including

introduction of PK 39 rapiddiagnostic kits and oral drug
miltefosine for treatment of kala-azar cases.
Interruption of transmission through vector control
Communication for behavioral impact and intersectoral
convergence

 Capacity

building
Monitoring, supervision and evaluation
Research guidelines on prevention and control of kalaazar have been developed andcirculated to the state

for Prevention
and Control
JAPANESE
ENCEPHALITIS

Strategy
1.

Strengthening early diagnosis and prompt case

management at PHCs CHCs and hospitals through training
of medical and nursing staff.
2. IEC for community awareness to promote early case
reporting, personal protection, isolation of amplifier host,
etc.;
3. Vector control measures mainly fogging during
outbreaks, space spraying in animal dwellings, and
antilarval operation where feasible; and
4. Development of a safe and standard indigenous vaccine.
Vaccination for high risk population particularly children
below 15 years of age.

 3.

Vector control measures mainly fogging during

outbreaks, space spraying in animal dwellings, and
antilarval operation where feasible; and
4. Development of a safe and standard indigenous
vaccine. Vaccination for high risk population
particularly children below 15 years of age.

DENGUE & DANGEU

HEMORRHAGIC FEVER
Strategy
1. Surveillance for disease and outbreaks
2. Early diagnosis and prompt case management
3. Vector control through community participation and
social mobilization
4. Capacity building

NATIONAL LEPROSY
ERADICATION PROGRAMME
Strategy
1.

Early detection through active surveillance by the trained

health workers;
2. Regular treatment of cases by providing Multi-Drug
Therapy (MDT) at fixed in or centres a nearby village of
moderate to low endemic areas/district;
.

 3.

Intensified health education and public

awareness campaigns to remove social stigma
attached to the disease; and
4. Appropriate medical rehabilitation and leprosy
ulcer care services

REVISED NATIONAL
TUBERCULOSIS
PROGRAMME
started
in 1962
Strategy
1.Early

detection and treatment thereby converting

infectious cases to noninfectious and preventing
noninfectious cases from becoming infectious with
treatment.
2. Diagnosis through radiology and sputum microscopy.
3. Free Domiciliary treatment through Primary Health Care
Services

4. Establishing District Tuberculosis Centre in every

district.
5. Extend coverage under Short Course Chemotherapy
(SCC).
6. Strengthen state TB training and Demonstration centres.

NATIONAL AIDS CONTROL

PROGRAMME

National AIDS

Control Programme Phase I (!992-

99)
National AIDS Control Programme Phase II (19992004)
National AIDS control and prevention Phase III

UNIVERSAL IMMUNIZATION
PROGRAMME
1974-

the WHO launched its expanded programme on

immunization against vaccine preventable diseases
1978 - India launched EPI
1985 - renamed EPI as universal child immunization
1989- 90 - The programme become operational in all
the districts of the country
1992 - become a part of CSSM program

 India

is the first country in the world to establish the

National Guinea Worm Eradication Programme in1983-84
as a centrally sponsored scheme

NATIONAL GUINEA WORM

ERADICATION
PROGRAMME

 Strategy:
1.

GW case detection and continuous surveillance through

active case search operations and regular monthly reporting
2. GW case management
3. Vector Control by the application of Tempos in unsafe
water sources eight times a year and use of fine nylon
mesh/double layered cloth strainers by the community to
filter Cyclops in all the affected villages
4. Health education

 5.

Trained manpower development and

6. Provision and maintenance of safe drinking
water supply on priority in GW endemic villages
7. Concurrent evaluation and operational research

PROGRAMMES FOR NON

COMMUNICABLE DISEASES

NATIONAL CANCER CONTROL

PROGRAMME

OBJECTIVES
Primary

prevention of cancers by by health education

Secondary prevention ie . early detection and diagnosis of
common cancers by screening / self examination method
Tertiary prevention i.e strengthening of the existing
institutions of comprehensive therapy including palliative
care

SCHEMES UNDER REVISED

PROGRAMME:
Regional cancer centre scheme
Oncology

Wing Development Scheme:

Decentralised NGO scheme:
IEC activities at central level:
Research and Training:

NATIONAL MENTAL HEALTH

PROGRAM
The
Government of India has launched the National
Mental Health Programme (NMHP) in 1982

 Strategies

1.Integration mental health with primary health care

through the NMHP;
2. Provision of tertiary care insitutions for treatment of
mental disorders;
3. Eradicating stigmatization of mentally ill patients and
protecting their rights through regulatory institutions like
the Central Mental Health Authority, and State Mental
health Authority.

NATIONAL PROGRAM FOR

CONTROL OF BLINDNESS
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.

Activities
Cataract Operation
Involvement of NGOs:
Civil Works:
Training:
Commodity Assistant:
Information Education and Communication
Management Information System
Monitoring and Evaluation

NATIONAL NUTRITIONAL
PROGRAMS

Integrated Child Development

Services Scheme

Integrated

Child Development Service (ICDS) scheme was

launched on 2nd October, 1975
Beneficiaries
1.Children below 6 years
2. Pregnant and lactating women
3. Women in the age group of 15-44 years
4. Adolescent girls in selected blocks

The Package of services provided by ICDs

1. Supplementary nutrition, Vit-A, Iron and Folic Acid,
2. Immunization,
3. Health check-ups,
4. Referral services,
5. Treatment of minor illnesses;
6. Nutrition and health education to women;
7. Pre-school education of children in the age group of 3-6
years, and
8. Convergence of other supportive services like water
supply, sanitation, etc.

PROGRAMMES FOR
MATERNAL AND CHILD
HEALTH

Reproductive and Child Health

Programme
Essential

Components of RCH Programme

1. Prevention and management of unwanted pregnancy.
2. Maternal care that includes antenatal, delivery and
postpartum services.
3. Child survival services for newborns and infants.
4. Management of Reproductive Tract Infection (TRIs) and
Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs).

 Strategy
Bottom-up

Planning
Decentralized Participatory Planning &
Implementation
Strengthening Infrastructure
Integrated Training Package
Improved Management

RCH - 11
The main goals of RCH- 11 are;
Immediate objective: To address the unmet needs of
contraception, health care infrastructure and provide
integrated service delivery for basic RCH care with special
focus on Empowerment Action Group.
Medium Term Objective: Inorder to bring the Total
Fertility Rate ( TFR ) to replacement level by 2010
through co ordinate implementation of the intersectorial
linkages.

 Long

Term Objective : To achieve a stable

population by 2045, at a level consistent with the
requirements of sustainable economic growth,
social development and environmental protection.

NEW INITIATIVES:
Training

of MBBS doctors in life saving anaesthetic

skills for emergency obstetrics care
Setting up of blood storage centres at FRUs according
to Govt. of India guidelines
Janani Suraksha Yojana
Vandemataram scheme
Safe abortion services

 Village

health and nutrition day :

Maternal death review
Pregnancy tracking

NATIONAL FAMILY WELFARE

PROGRAMME
India launched a nation wide family planning programme
in 1952
During the third five year plan 1961-66,family planning
was declared as the very centre of planned development
1965- introduction of the lipples loop
1966- a full fledge department of family welfare was set
up family planning bureau were set up at state and district
levels

 In

1983 the national health policy was approved by the

parliament
The national health policy defined the specific goals to
be achieved under health and family welfare. The major
demographical to be achieved for the country is to attain
a replacement level of fertility by the year 2000.
from 1992 - programs where integrated under child
survival and safe motherhood programme
During the 9th five year plan the RCH programme
(started in 1994) integrates all the related programs of
8th plan

NATIONAL RURAL HEALTH

MISSION
The

government of India launched national rural health

mission on 5 th April 2005 for a periodof seven years
(2005-12)

Plan of action to strengthen infra structure

creation of a cadre of ASHA
strengthening sub centers by
adequate supply of essential drugs
provision of multipurpose worker ,
sanction of new sub centre ,
stengthening existing sub centre with untied fund of RS
10000 per year 3.

 strengthening

of PHCs
adequate and regular supply of essential supply and
equipments
provision for 24 hrs services
following standard treatment guidelines;
up gradation of all PHCs for 24 hr referral service and
provision of a second doctor on the basis of felt need
strengthening the CHC for the first referral care units by

ALL INDIA HOSPITAL

POSTPARTUM PROGRAMME
The

Post Partum Programme - a maternitycentred hospital based approach to family welfare

- was initiated in 1966 with the aim of motivating
women within the reproductive age group (15-44
years) and their husbands for adoption of small
family norm

Main Goals
1To provide mother and child care services.
2. To encourage temporary contraception so as to reduce
MMR & IMR and to increase the gap between two children.
3.to train the medical & paramedical staff in family welfare.
4. to provide community outreach services within
designated areas.
5. to offer health education so as to spread awareness in
people.
6. To provide referral services to high risk mothers.

. OTHER PROGRAMMES:

NATIONAL WATER SUPPLY AND

SANITATION PROGRAMME
was

initiated in 1954- with the object

of providing safe water and supply and adequate
drainage facilities for the entire urban and rural
populationof the country.
In 1972 a special programme known as the
accelerated rural water supply programme was
started

MINIMUM NEEDS
PROGRAMME (MNP)
Rural

health
Rural water supply
Rural electrification
Elementary education
Adult education
Nutrition
Environmental improvement of urban slums

 Houses

for landless labors

the facilities under MNP are to be first provided to
those areas which are at present underserved so as
to remove the disparities between different areas

the

facilities under MNP should be provided as a

package to an area through inter sectoral area
projects, to have a greater impact

20 POINT PROGRAMME
in

1975 , the government of India initiated

aspecial activity .
On august 20 , 1986 , the existing 20 point
programme was restructured.

INVOLEMENT OF NGOs IN THE NATIONAL HEALTH

AND FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMME:
RCH- IEC Activities through Zila Saksharatha Samities:
Village Health Guide Scheme:
Post Partum Programme:
Urban Revamping Scheme & Urban Family Welfare Centre
Sterilization Bed Schemes:
Mahila Swasthya Sangh:
Swasthya Mela:
Population research centres:

ROLE OF NURSE IN NATIONAL HEALTH AND

FAMILY WELFARE PROGRAMMES
Health Monitor
Provider of Nursing Care To The Sick And
Disabled
Health Teacher
Counsellor
Change Agent
Community Organizer

 Team

Member
Trainer, Supervisor, Manager
Coordinator Of Health And Related Services
Researcher
Role Model