LAND USE PLANNING

Land use planning

Perspectives of Land use
Land Use analysis
Land Classification Planning
Objective of land Classification Plan
Conservation of open space

BASIC PLANNING
PLAN 2111

Sudipta Barua

Land use plan encourages the positive use of land and discourages its
negative use.
The land use planner must build knowledge base that encompasses the
technical, social, economic and institutional aspects of land use.

Land use planning is the art of matching different users of land to the
supply of land, that is the attainment of congruence between user needs
and land supply by the proper siting and sizing of land uses.
The process by which lands are evaluated and assessed to become a basis for
decisions involving land disposition and utilization.
This involves studies on the environmental effects of land use and its impact on the
community.

Perspectives recognized in creating land use information module

Land as a functional space devoted to various use

Land as setting for activity system
Land as a commodity to be developed
Land as a perceptual image or aesthetic resource: the distinctive uses of land
provide one of the lenses through which people interpret and evaluate the social
milieu, and thus help to define and reinforce the social order.

Land Use Analysis

Developability analysis screens the land supply in order to locate areas suitable
and desirable for future development or redevelopment.
Developability analysis aims atmaintaining a balance between the demand for developed urban land and the
supply of available development sites during the planning period.

Developability analysis techniques:

1. Suitability analysis
Identifies locations within the planning area that are best suited to particular types
of land use. i
It involves overlaying maps of suitability measures, such as slope and highway
access, to generate suitability scores for all sites within the planning jurisdiction for a
particular use, such as shopping centers.
2. Carrying capacity:
Analysis compares the demands of land uses with the capacity of natural or manmade systems.
It can be defined as the ability of a natural or man-made system to absorb
population growth, physical development, or intensity of use without significant
degradation or breakdown.
3. Committed lands analysis:
Identifies locations where excess community service capacity exists and where the
cost of additional distribution for each new customer is no greater than the value of
the increased efficiency in producing the service.
This marginal cost technique involves delineating the boundaries of these areas for
each public service and then overlaying the maps to show aggregate committed
land areas.

Ian McHarg suggested dividing the planning region into three categories:
Natural use,
Production and
Urban

Natural use areas have the highest priority and exclude even agriculture.
Production areas include agricultural, forestry and fishing uses.
Urban areas are lands left over after allocating the two higher priority uses. Urban
areas are thus allocated to lands ill-suited for either natural process or producing
food and fiber.

Land classification Plan

The Land Classification Plan identifies:
Major directions of growth
Indicates where future development should be limited because of the high cost of
providing urban services, or for environmental reasons.
In short, where urban growth would be compatible with the environment and
with urban service capability.
However, it does not distinguish between residential, commercial or industrial
development. For example, in North Carolina under Coastal Area Management
Act, the state specifies a five part classification system:
Urban
Urban Transition
Rural
Rural Communities, and
Conservation

Functional Planning of Urban Service Area

Functional Planning Areas Concept: The urban service area is divided into functional planning
areas, such as employment centers, urban activity centers, existing neighborhoods, downtown
area, and urban growth area.

The purpose of Conserving Open Space:

Open space is not a single homogenous land use, but rather a broad sector of land uses.
Catagories of open space, based on the purpose to be served:
Protection of property and people from natural environmental hazards:
Areas that present danger from flooding, slides, quakes and so on.
Protection of natural resources and environmental processes:
Areas where natural processes are vulnerable to construction, urban land use
activities, or agriculture, forestry and mining activities. For example, preservation of
freshwater wetlands, unique forests, ground water recharge areas etc.
Protection and management of natural resources for economic production:
Prime agricultural land, timber lands, mineral deposits, fish and shell fish breeding
grounds and water supply watersheds and ground water recharge areas for aquifers
used for public water supply.

 Protection and enhancement of natural and cultural amenities:

Unique landscape features such as cliffs, and other geologic formations; streams,
water falls, shore land, pleasant scenes such as bridges, cemeteries, churches
and pastoral landscapes and foregrounds for vistas and panoramic views of such
scenes. Such open spaces will require public access and public infrastructure.
Protection or provision of outdoor recreation, education or cultural facilities:
Places suitable for active outdoor recreation, trails, campsites, fairgrounds, zoos,
golf courses etc.
Shaping urban form:
Greenbelts, open space wedges and corridors, buffer areas, plazas and commons,
construction setback lines, and other open space to give imageability to the city.