Warming Up

3GRPLS (RN3155) - Module 1

Soc Classification level

1
Nokia Siemens Networks

3G RPLS / AA / 10/2008

UMTS Releases
1999

2001

2002

2006

2007
2008
2009/10
Soc Classification level
11
Nokia Siemens Networks

UMTS Release 99

UMTS CN = enhanced GSM NSS

UTRAN & WCDMA

UMTS Release 4

Bearer independent CS domain

Low chip rate TDD mode
UTRA repeater
MMS

UMTS Release 5

High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA)

Wideband AMR
Initial phase of the IP Multimedia Subsystem
IP transport in the UTRAN
Location Services enhancements

UMTS Release 6

FDD Enhanced Uplink (HSUPA)

IMS Phase 2
Wireless LAN/UMTS Inter-working
Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service (MBMS)
Push Services and Presence.

UMTS Release 7

HSPA+ (MIMO & Higher Order Modulation)

Enhanced UE Receiver
Direct Tunneling

UMTS Release 8

HSPA+ Enhancements
LTE + SAE/EPS

UMTS Release 9

LTE-A: IMT-Advanced (4G) proposal

UMTS Release 99 Core Network

CN (Core Network)
GERAN

circuit switched (cs) domain

MSC/VLR

GMSC

HLR
EIR
AC

UTRAN

SGSN

common
cs & ps
network
elements

WAP

PDN

IPbackbone

GGSN

BGF CGF
Packet Switched (PS) domain
Inter-PLMN
Network
Soc Classification level
13
Nokia Siemens Networks

PSTN/
ISDN

Billing
Centre

corporate
networks

UMTS Release 4 core network

Soc Classification level

15
Nokia Siemens Networks

UTRAN
UTRAN

UE
Uu

CN

Radio Network Subsystem (RNS)

Iub

RNC

Iu-CS

circuit
MSC/VLR switched
(cs)
domain

Uu
Iur
UE

Iub

RNC

Radio Network Subsystem (RNS)

Soc Classification level

18
Nokia Siemens Networks

Iu-PS
SGSN

packet
switched
(ps)
domain

RNC Tasks and Functions

WCDMA radio resource management
Admission Control, Packet Scheduling,
Load Control, Power Control, Handover
Control, Resource Manager.
Telecom functionality
incl. Location & connection management
(Transport Manager), ciphering, Iu and Iub
channel management, ATM switching and
multiplexing
Maintenance
incl. Fault localisation and reconfiguration
Operation
incl. RNC and Node B parameter
modification

Soc Classification level

19
Nokia Siemens Networks

Node B Tasks and Functions in Rel 99

O&M Processing.
Interfacing with NMS
and RNC for alarm
and control
(Operations and
Maintenance)
functions.

10
10
1

RNC
Iub Interface
ATM
Cellular Transmission management
Managing ATM switching and
multiplexing over the Iub interface.
Control of AAL2/AAL5 connections.
Control of the physical transmission
interfaces E1, PDH, SDH or
microwave.
Soc Classification level
20
Nokia Siemens Networks

Radio Channel functions.

Transport to physical channel
mappings. Encoding/Decoding
Spreading/Despreading user
traffic and signalling.

Uu Interface
WCDMA
00
10
1

01
0

10
00
1

Air Interface management.

Controlling Uplink and
Downlink radio paths on the Uu
Air Interface. Baseband to RF
conversion. Antenna multicoupling.

Key WCDMA Facts in Rel 99

Duplex Transmission Modes:
Frequency Division Duplex (FDD)
Time Division Duplex (TDD)
Multiple Access:
Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
Modulation
Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
16-QAM (HSDPA)
Bandwidth
5 MHz
Time Organisation:
10 ms per radio frame
15 time slots per frame
72 radio frames per hyperframe
2560 chips per timeslot

Soc Classification level

23
Nokia Siemens Networks

Spreading
Spreading codes =
channelisation codes scrambling codes
Chip rate: 3.84 Mchips
Channelisation codes = orthogonal codes,
length: depends on spreading factor
Scrambling codes = pseudo noise codes
(derived from Gold code family)
length: 38400 chips (10 ms)
Spreading Factors (FDD mode):
UL: 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256
DL: 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512
The spreading factor can be changed every
TTI (10, 20, 40, or 80 ms).
Handover types: Soft & Softer HO (FDD only),
Hard Handover;

AS and NAS Signalling

CN Iu edge node

UE

NAS signalling and User data

i.e. MM, PMM & CC, SS, SMS, SM

UTRAN
RNC
Access Stratum Signalling
(Uu Stratum)
RRC

Soc Classification level

25
Nokia Siemens Networks

Access Stratum Signalling

(Iu Stratum)
RANAP

UMTS QoS Architecture

TE

MT

UTRAN

CN Iu
edge node

CN
Gateway

TE

End-to-End Service
TE/MT Local
Bearer Service

UMTS Bearer Service = UMTS QoS

Radio Access
Bearer Service

Soc Classification level

27
Nokia Siemens Networks

Radio
Bearer Service

Iu
Bearer Service

UTRA FDD/TDD
Service

Physical
Bearer Service

CN
Bearer Service

Backbone
Bearer Service

(adopted from TS 23.107)

External
Bearer Service

UTRAN Specific Signalling & Control Protocols

RNS
Iub

RNC
:N
BA
Node B
P

UE
RRC

Iu-C
Iu-

AP
N
A
S: R

PS
:

RA
NA
P

3G-SGSN

Iur: RNSAP

RNC
Soc Classification level
29
Nokia Siemens Networks

3G-MSC/VLR

RNS

UMTS Bearer Attributes

Traffic class

Conversational Streaming
class
class

Interactive
class

Background
class

Maximum bit rate

Delivery order
Maximum SDU size
SDU format
information
SDU error ratio
Residual bit
error ratio
Delivery of
erroneous SDUs
Transfer delay
Guaranteed bit rate
Traffic handling
priority
Allocation/Retention
priority
Soc Classification level
31
Nokia Siemens Networks

(adopted from TS 23.107 chap. 6.4.3.3)

Services/applications and traffic class

Traffic class

Conversational
class

Streaming
class

Interactive
class

Background
class

Speech
Video call
Streaming video
Streaming audio
Web browsing
Email
Email (background)
VoIP
Gaming
Presence
Initially 3G networks do not support all traffic classes and services are implemented with lower
quality connections.

Soc Classification level

33
Nokia Siemens Networks

General Protocol Model for UTRAN Interfaces

Radio
Network
Layer

Control Plane

User Plane

Application
Protocol

Data
Streams

Transport Transport Network

User Plane
Network
Layer

Transport Network
Control Plane

Transport Network
User Plane

ALCAP

Signalling
Bearer(s)

Signalling
Bearer(s)

Data
Bearer(s)

Physical Layer

Soc Classification level

35
Nokia Siemens Networks

(copied from TS 25.401 chap. 11.1.1)

Radio Interface Protocol Architecture (in UE)

Control Plane Signalling
control
control
control

User Plane Signalling

RRC Layer
control

RBs

PDCP PDCP
PDCP

BMC

control

RLC Layer

RLC
RLC
RLC

RLC
RLC

RLC

RLC

RLC

LogCHs
MAC Layer
TrCHs
PHY Layer
(copied from TS 25.301 chap. 5.1)
Soc Classification level
37
Nokia Siemens Networks

PhyCHs