COORDINATION BONDING

(COMPLEX)
Created by :
Th e 3 r d g r ou p
1. Fr i s t a I r w a n i n d a
( 4 3 0 1 4 1 2 0 1 8)
2. In t a n Ya n i P r a t i w i
( 4 3 0 1 4 1 2 0 3 3)
3. N i n a F i t r i an a
( 4 3 0 1 4 1 2 0 6 0)
C h e m i c a l E d u c a t i on C l a s s 1

Coordination covalent
bonding

The bonding happens if pair electron used only

from one atom, while another doesnt share the
electron. This bonding happens on atom that has
lone pair electron.

Represented by an arrow there is donor and

acceptor of electron pair

Example of coordination
covalent bonding

The dillution process of HCl in water to form

hydrochloride acid

The reaction between ammonia and boron

trifluoride

The forming of SO3 compound

Carbon monoxide, CO
Carbon monoxide can be looked as
molecule that has 2 covalent bonding
between carbon and oxygen and
coordination bonding uses pair
electron on oxygen atom

The Coordination Theory

(Alfred Werner, 1892)

The Werner postulate is :

o The metal element has 2 types of valence, are primary valence
and secondary valence (nowadays called oxidation number and
coordination number)
o An element tends to fulfill its primary valence or secondary
valence
o Secondary valence is pointed to certain position in the space

Based on that three postulates, so the structure of CoCl 3.6NH3,

CoCl3.5NH3, CoCl3.4NH3, and CoCl3.3NH3 are :

The structure of
CoCl3.5NH3

The structure of
CoCl3.6NH3

The structure of
CoCl3.4NH3

The Coordination Compound

The compounds that are formed through coordination bonds

(coordination of covalent bonds) between the ion/central atom
with the ligand (protective force).
The Central Atom Or Ion :
Ion/atom section of coordination compounds in the Center (the
Center) as the recipient of the pair electron (Lewis acid),
generally in the form of metal (especially the transition metals)
Examples Of Complex Compounds
Chlorophyll, hemoglobin, vitamin B12, Chinese ink, etc.

Example of formation reaction of complex compounds

Ag+(aq) + Cl-(aq) AgCl(s)white
(1)
AgCl(s)white + 2 NH3(g) [Ag(NH3)2]+(aq) + Cl-(aq) (2)
The formation of complex ions, sometimes accompanied by the
onset of the colors in aqueous solution
2 [Co(H2O)6]Cl2 Co[CoCl4] + 12 H2O
pink
blue

History of Discovery
Compound complex was first discovered by Tassert (1798),
namely CoCl3.6NH3.
Many complex compounds exhibit a distinctive color, hence the
color never relied upon in the naming of complex compound.
Complex

Color

Name

[Fe(H2O)6]3+

Orange

Heksaaquaferrat (III)

[Co(H2O)6]2+

Red

Heksaaquacobaltat (II)

[Ni(H2O)6]2+

Green

Heksaaquanikelat (III)

[Cu(H2O)6]2+

Blue

Heksaaquacuprat (II)

[Zn(H2O)6]2+

White

Heksaaquazinkat (II)

Color Complex
Compounds
Due to the displacement of electrons in d orbitals, the energy
levels of orbitals of lower energy levels to be higher of orbitals .
The electron transfer is possible because only require little
energy, that is part of the visible rays (at a particular
wavelength). The color that appears as a color that is the color
of the complex compound complement of colors that absorbed in
the excitation process.

Nomenclature of Complex
Compounds

Ligand Name:
1. Anions ligand named by the name of and given the suffix o.
example:
Anion

Anions Name

Ligands Name

Br-

Bromide

Bromo

CO32-

Carbonate

Karbonato

Cl-

Chloride

Kloro

CN-

Cyanide

Siano

OH-

Hydroxide

Hidrokso

C2O42-

Oxalate

Oksalato

O2-

oxide

Oxo

2.

Neutral ligands are given the same name with the

name of the molecule. Example :
Molecule

Molecules Name

Ligands Name

NH3

Ammonia

Amin

H 2O

Water

Aqua

CO

Carbon monoxide

Carbonyl

Nomenclature :
The name of the central atom (transition
elements) are given the suffix at
2. The ligand is mentioned first by the number of the
ligand
3. The Central Atom (transition elements) mentioned
after ligand names
1.

Thank

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