Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Nutrition
Important Concepts
2.1 Classes of Food
Quick Refresh
2.2 Importance of A Balanced Diet
Quick Refresh
2.3 Human Digestive System
Quick Refresh
2.4 Absorption of the Products of Digestion
Quick Refresh
2.5 Reabsorption of Water and Defaecation
Quick Refresh
TRG Science Form 2

Amazing Tunas Enterprise (001573407-U)

Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Nutrition
2.6 Healthy Eating Habits
Quick Refresh
Smart Review

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TRG Science Form 2

Amazing Tunas Enterprise (001573407-U)

Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Important Concepts
Nutrition
involves

Classes of food
classified as

include

include

Balanced diet

Digestive system

depends on

made up of

Carbohydrate

Gender

Mouth

Protein

Age

Stomach

Fat

Body size

Small intestine

Vitamin

Physical activity

Big intestine

Mineral salts

Job

Rectum

Fibre

Weather

Anus

Water
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TRG Science Form 2

Amazing Tunas Enterprise (001573407-U)

Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Chapter
2.1

Classes of Food

Carbohydrate
Carbohydrate contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms
Sugar, cellulose and starch are types of carbohydrates

Function

Supply energy to the body needs that carry out daily activities

Source

Rice, bread, potato, sugar and glucose

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TRG Science Form 2

Amazing Tunas Enterprise (001573407-U)

Chapter
2.1

Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Classes of Food

Protein
Protein contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and nitrogen atoms
Millions reagent Reagent used to test protein

Function

Build new cells and repair damaged tissues in the body

Source

Meat, fish, eggs, beans, milk and nuts

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TRG Science Form 2

Amazing Tunas Enterprise (001573407-U)

Chapter
2.1

Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Classes of Food

Fat

Fat contain carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms

Function
Provide energy
Acts as insulator to reduce heat loss from the body
Helps the body to digest and absorb vitamins A, D, E and K

Source

Groundnut, coconut oil, butter, palm oil, fish oil, chicken skin

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TRG Science Form 2

Amazing Tunas Enterprise (001573407-U)

Chapter
2.1

Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Classes of Food

Vitamin

Vitamins are needed in small quantities by the body

Vitamins are classified into two groups
(a) Vitamins soluble in water vitamin B and C

Vitamin

Source

Function

Deficiency

Liver, yeast, milk

For healthy nerves

Beri-beri

Citrus fruits and

green vegetables

Increase immunity to
diseases

Anaemia

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TRG Science Form 2

Amazing Tunas Enterprise (001573407-U)

Chapter
2.1

Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Classes of Food

Vitamin
(b) Vitamins soluble in fat vitamin A, D, E and K

Vitamin

Source

Function

Deficiency

Eggs, milk, carrot

For healthy eyes

Night blindness

Egg yolks, fish oil,

milk

For the growth of strong

teeth and bones

Rickets

Eggs, palm oil, milk, For healthy reproductive

liver
system

Sterility

Tomato, eggs,
green vegetables

Slow blood
clotting

Helps in blood clotting

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TRG Science Form 2

Amazing Tunas Enterprise (001573407-U)

Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Chapter
2.1

Classes of Food

Mineral salts

Mineral salts are needed in small quantities by the body

Mineral

Source

Function
To forms strong teeth
and bones

Deficiency

Phosphorus

Milk, fish, eggs,

green vegetables

Calcium

Cheese, milk,
green vegetables

Iron

Liver, meat, milk,

green vegetables

Produces haemoglobin
in red blood cells

Anaemia

Iodine

Sea food such as

fish and prawns

Proper functioning of
thyroid gland

Goiter

Build strong teeth and

bones
Helps in blood clotting

Rickets
Rickets

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TRG Science Form 2

Amazing Tunas Enterprise (001573407-U)

Chapter
2.1

Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Classes of Food

Fibre

Fibre, such as cellulose that found in food substances and is difficult to digest

Function

Helps to stimulate peristalsis and the muscle movement of the small and big
intestines

Source

Fruits and vegetables

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TRG Science Form 2

Amazing Tunas Enterprise (001573407-U)

Chapter
2.1

Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Classes of Food

Water

In daily, 6 to 8 glasses of water is needed by the body

Function

Helps to dissolve many types of substances in the body

Helps to maintain a constant body temperature
Helps to get rid of waste substances like urea and carbon dioxide from the body
Helps to keep the body cells turgid
As a medium that allows biochemical reaction to occur in the body
Controlling the concentration of blood
Act as a lubricant
Helps in transporting food during digestion

Source

Drinking water, fruits and vegetables

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TRG Science Form 2

Amazing Tunas Enterprise (001573407-U)

Chapter 2 : Nutrition

Q.R.
2.1

Quick Refresh

Food is the main source energy for all living things

Food is needed to
(a) provide energy for carrying out daily work
(b) repair damaged tissues in the body
(c) build new cells
(d) build healthy body
Protein deficiency can cause kwashiorkor in childhood
Vitamin A, D, E and K are soluble in fat
Vitamin B and C are soluble in water

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