Orthographic Projection

2 Dimensional View of an object

Ken Youssefi

Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Dept., SJSU

ME20/Tech20 Engineering Design Graphics

Graphics Theory
Geometry and projection techniques.

Visualization
Ability to mentally process 3D information.

Standards & Conventions

Drawing rules and industry practices.
Tools
Computer-Aided-Design (CAD) software (2D & 3D)
.AutoCAD (2D) and Pro/E (3D)

Applications

Mechanical, Structural, Electrical, Architectural and

Art & Design, Industrial Design, ..
Ken Youssefi
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Mechanical and

Different Viewpoint

Ken Youssefi

Mechanical and

Parallel Projection

Perspective

Ken Youssefi

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Parallel

Orthographic Projection

Ken Youssefi

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Standard 2D views

Ken Youssefi

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Standard Views of Primitive Solids

Ken Youssefi

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View Orientation

Poor orientation
Good orientation

Ken Youssefi

Mechanical and

View Selection

Select the most descriptive views

Use minimum number of views to
describe the object

Ken Youssefi

Mechanical and

Conventional Practices
Holes, Ribs & Webs Principle of Revolution

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Conventional Practices

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Conventional Practices - Intersections

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Miter Lines
Miter lines are used to transfer depth information.
45o line drawn
from point O

Standard multiviews

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Homework #1 Due Friday 9/8

multiviews
Problems 6, 26, 47, and 57 page 276-280 (5th edition)
page 269-272 (4th edition)
page 364 (3rd edition)
Freehand sketch the three standard views (front, top, and
right side). Select the left side of
the 3D drawing as the front view. Sketch 2 problems per
page. Drawings should be somewhat proportional.

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Mechanical and

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Conventional Practices - Tangency

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Fillets, Rounds & Chamfers

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Top view

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Edge Lines Principal & Inclined

Principal lines appear vertical, horizontal
or as point views. Inclined lines appear
inclined in one view.

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Mechanical and

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Edge Lines Oblique

Oblique line appears

inclined in all views
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Principal Planes
Principle planes are parallel to principal orthographic planes

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Inclined Planes
Inclined planes are perpendicular to two opposite orthographic
planes.

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Oblique Planes
Oblique planes are neither parallel nor perpendicular to any
principal orthographic planes.

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Type of Planes

Oblique

Inclined

Principal

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Edge View of a Plane

Principal planes appear in true
size in one plane and as an edge
view in the other two planes.

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Mechanical and

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Homework #2 Due Friday 9/22/06

Pictorials
4th edition page 369-374, 5th edition page 376-381
freehand sketches, two drawings per page
1) Figure 7.61 draw a perspective view, choose a vanishing
point at the upper right hand corner
2) Problem 14 draw an oblique view.
3) Problems 4, 22, and 27 draw an isometric view, looking
down, the left ,side of the isometric should be the front view.

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Mechanical and

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