Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Glass
History of Glass
People had used naturally occurring glass,
Materials
Silica Sand
o A particular sand deposit that contains almost
o
o
o
o
o
Country House
Silica Sand
Quarry
THE SOLVAY
PROCESS
trona
(Na2CO3.NaHCO3.2H2
O)
nahcolite
Lime
a manmade chemical which is produced from a
a. Quicklime
b. Hydrated Lime
Additives:
1. Lead Oxide
has better
reflective
properties and
therefore the
glass seems to
sparkle.
Additives:
2.Boric Oxide
-Pure form of
B2O3
-changes the
thermal and
electrical
properties of the
glass
Additives:
3.Potassium
Oxide
-mostly used to
make stained
glass windows for
medieval
cathedrals.
Additives:
4.Zinc Oxide
-excellent raw
material for
manufacturing optical
glass
-also used for UVblocking sunglasses
Additives:
5. Barium Oxide
-replaced lead (II)
oxide in the
production of certain
kinds of glass such as
optical crown glass.
Additives:
6. Germanium Oxide
- added to glass to
increase the index of
refraction
Requirements to
Produce Glass
controlled.
Pass the thermal shock testing, rain testing and
Types of Glass
(according to intended application )
Annealed Glass
the basic flat glass product that is the first result
Toughened Glass
far more resistant to breakage than simple
Laminated Glass
Regarded as safety glass.
manufactured by combining two or more
Coated Glass
Mirrored Glass
Patterned Glass
pattern.
mostly used in internal decoration and internal