Professional Documents
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Working Group
Group II Contribution
Contribution to
to the
the IPCC
IPCC Fifth
Fifth Assessment
Assessment
Report
Report Climate
Climate Change
Change 2013:
2013:
The
The Physical
Physical Science
Science Basis
Basis
Jose A. Marengo
CEMADEN, Brazil
RE, Chapter 2 WGI
CLA, Chapter 27, WGII
19 Headlines
on less than 2 Pages
SENAMHI (2009))
SENAMHI (2009))
SENAMHI (2009))
Human influence has been detected in warming of the atmosphere and the
ocean, in changes in the global water cycle, in reductions in snow and ice, in
global mean sea level rise, and in changes in some climate extremes
The contrast in precipitation between wet and dry regions and between
wet and dry seasons will increase, although there may be regional
exceptions.
Extreme precipitation events over most of the mid-latitude land masses
and over wet tropical regions will very likely become more intense and
more frequent by the end of this century
It is very likely that the number of cold days and nights has decreased and
the number of warm days and nights has increased on the global scale. It
is likely that the frequency of heat waves has increased in large parts of
Europe, Asia and Australia. There are likely more land regions where the
number of heavy precipitation events has increased than where it has
decreased. The frequency or intensity of heavy precipitation events has
likely increased in North America and Europe. In other continents,
confidence in changes in heavy precipitation events is at most medium.}
It is very likely that sea level will rise in more than about 95% of
the ocean area. About 70% of the coastlines worldwide are
projected to experience sea level change within 20% of the global
mean sea level change.