Developments needed in Curricula

to prepare Military Officers and

Defence Officials for their Roles in
dealing with Future Defence and
Security Challenges

Sequence
Future

Security Challenges / Issues

Moot Points
Curriculum
Conclusion

Introduction

 If

no nuclear holocaust takes place, then

conventional war appears to be in the final
stages of abolishing itself; if one does take
place, then it will already have abolished
itself. This dilemma does not mean that
perpetual peace is on its way, much less
that organized violence is coming to an end.
As war between states exits through one
side of historys revolving door, lowintensity conflict among different
organizations will enter through the other

Introduction

Future Security Challenges / Issues

Terrorism
976

major acts of international terrorism

committed from year 2003 to 2005 with an
annual average of 325
Ian Bellany

Pakistans Role in Countering

Terrorism
In

2006, in Pakistan 657 terrorist attacks,

including 41 of sectarian nature were
perpetrated, leaving 907 people dead and
1,543 others injured

Pak Institute for Peace Studies

Pakistan is signatory to 11 United Nations
Counter Terrorism conventions

Pakistans Role in Countering Terrorism

Pakistan has signed extradition treaties with

thirty countries

Enhancing

cooperating with ASEAN Regional

Forum
Cooperating

Afghanistan

with coalition partners in

Pakistans Role in Countering Terrorism

Captured

more terrorists, especially over 600

linked with Al-Qaida

Committed

some 80,000 troops along its

Western Borders
Pakistan

has so far lost 900 personnel in

counter terrorist operations in areas close to

Pakistan Afghanistan Border

Future Security Challenges / Issues

Proliferation

of Weapons of Mass

Destruction (WMD)

Future Security Challenges / Issues

Extremism

At the national and international levels,

unjust economic, social and political

systems which really spawn violations of
economic, social, cultural, civil and political
rights, contribute to the birth and nurturing of
extremism which ultimately leads to
terrorism

Future Security Challenges / Issues

Extremism
To break

the synergy between politico-

religious extremism, major powers should

avoid the double standards, discriminatory
approach, intolerance, unwillingness to
compromise

Future Security Challenges / Issues

Role of Non State Actors
pursue

their own agenda, protect their own

interests and have loyalties only to

themselves, hence further complicate the
global security environment

Future Security Challenges / Issues

Asymmetric
Radical

Warfare / Threats

groups and relatively weaker non-state

actors are using unexpected means to deal

stunning blows to more powerful opponents
The

modern means and modes such as

information and cyber warfare make them ever

more evasive and lethal

Future Security Challenges / Issues

Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW)

Combat

Military Operations may include, counter

terrorism / counter insurgency operations, UN

operations (Chapter 7), counter drug / weapons and
anti piracy operations, participation in coalition
operations, enforcement of maritime regimes and
exclusion zone

Future Security Challenges / Issues

Military Operations Other Than War (MOOTW)

Non

combat military operations may include, disaster

relief operations, UN operations (Chapter 6), nation

building /reconstruction / support operations, security /
law and order, evacuation, search and rescue,
ordnance disposal, salvage, arson / accidental fire and
humanitarian assistance and epidemic control

Future Security Challenges / Issues

Role of Media
Media

through focus on violence can

negatively contribute to conflict escalation and

distort the public's perceptions of the situation
Where

it can accrue, if managed adroitly,

numerous advantages, it can be an effective

propaganda tool in the hands of terrorists
which they will use for both tactical and
strategic gains

Moot Points
What

is the concept or our understanding of

Global War on Terror?

Lack

of agreement on a definition of terrorism

Divergence

in political aims

No

single country is capable of fighting global

terrorism single handedly

Mutual

trust and understanding of each others

capacities/capabilities and limitations

Curriculum

Formulation of National Asymmetric War / Low

Intensity Conflict (LIC) Strategy

Military Doctrine on LIC

Determination of clear threat

Doctrine may incorporate the following:

Concept of low intensity conflict

The threat perception/assessment

Role of various law enforcing agencies

Role of Military and its various arms and services

Training

Logistics

Legal aspects

Curriculum

Psychological aspects

Understanding and objective evaluation of

environment

Intelligence

Media management

Curriculum

Leadership doctrines to develop junior leaders

for operations under highly decentralized
environment

Impact of technology on future operations

Joint planning and interoperability

Complete understanding of the nature of conflict

Art of negotiation

Curriculum

Legal matters

Interrogation/handling of information

Disaster Management; Planning / Organization

and conduct of relief and rehabilitation
operations

Impact of information and cyber warfare

Seminars, exercises and dialogues at ARF level

to intermittently exchange views and share
experiences

Training Curriculum for Junior Military

Leaders

A thorough understanding of the background of the

conflict

Hostage rescue techniques and drills

Cordon and search

Counter mobility

Checking of various documents

Small combat team training capable of independent,

rapid and decisive engagement and adapting quickly
to prevalent condition

Training Curriculum for Junior Military

Leaders

Psychological operations and public relations

Art of negotiations and persuasion

Interrogation

Manipulation of military measures including civic

actions

Handling of information

Media handling

Training of Individual Solider

Build superb physical stamina and endurance

Expertise in handling a variety of weapons

Sniping/sharp shooting to pick up targets in

population centers

Handling of global positioning system, night vision

devices

To be able to act independently, in absence of

comprehensive orders or breakdown in
communication

Training of Individual Solider

Initiative, mental mobility and quick reflexes

Adaptability to local conditions and ability to blend

with the populace

Knowledge about modus operandi, strategy and

weaknesses of the terrorists/insurgents

Technique of fighting in Built Up Areas

Techniques of movement both mounted and

dismounted, including efficient driving

Training of Individual Solider

Handling of explosive

Emplaning, deplaning and repelling

Know-how about martial arts

Survival under conditions of stress and strain

A very high degree of motivation, esprit de corps and

devotion to the cause

Ability to operate with minimum logistics

Expertise in night navigation and specialized

operations

Awareness of human rights, sensitivities and social

ethics of the area of operation

Conclusion