GF-SA Sustainability Affairs, 29 January 2009

Energizing Safety
Site Safety Resource part 2 slide
pack
ABB Group
September 28, 2015 | Slide 1

4 Excavations Traffic segregation

4 Excavations Safety barriers

5 Vehicles & Mobile Plant

H&S plan should set out the access routes for all vehicles on site.

One way system is preferable if feasible to ensure safe operation

and safe passage for pedestrians.

Suitable signage to be provided and speed limit to be defined.

All drivers and operators to be medically fit, competent, trained

and tested to a suitable level. Evidence to be provided.

All drivers to be authorised and keys to vehicles controlled.

5 Vehicles & Mobile Plant

Preventive measures to be taken to avoid the fall of vehicles into

excavations or water.

All vehicles and earth moving equipment to be fitted with roll over
protection and adequately protected against the weather

All cabs must be kept 1m from any face being excavated.

All earth moving equipment must have all equipment on which

safety depends inspected daily e.g. motors, brake, steering gear,
chassis, wire ropes etc.

5 Vehicles & Mobile Plant

Adequate signalling or other

control arrangements should
be provided including reversing
operations.

A trained and authorised

signaller should be provided
when the view of the driver is
restricted.

When operating in close

proximity to live overhead
conductors, adequate
precautions should be taken
e.g. isolation or erection of OH
barriers.

6 Working at Height

Ensure that the work is properly planned, risk assessment based

and that it is carried out safely

Where it is reasonably practicable avoid carrying out work at

height

Where it cannot be avoided select the most appropriate equipment

for work to prevent falls

Where possible use permanent access platforms rather than

temporary access

Reduce the distance of and potential consequences of any fall

Ensure the work is carried out by trained and competent persons

and the work is properly supervised

Ensure third parties are not put at risk

6 Working at Height - Risk Reduction Hierarchy

Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) should be used as a

last resort only after all other control options have been
evaluated. Ensure that those who use safety harnesses,
lanyards with fall arrestment systems are suitably trained
and experienced. Those working at height must be trained
in emergency recovery and have emergency rescue kits
available

6 Working at Height - Scaffolding

Close boarded to prevent fall of material.

Top rail to be 950mm and intermediate rail to be 470mm.

Toe boards also required

Competent supervision to be in place to ensure proper use.

Load to be evenly distributed and not subject to shock loads and

never overloaded.

Workers not to use external scaffolds in weather conditions that

might threaten their safety

6 Working at Height - Scaffolding

Scaffolds to be inspected before being taken into use and

thereafter e.g. every 7 days and a record kept.

Also after alteration, or if affected by weather or anything that

could affect its stability.

Inspection should check on adequacy and fit for purpose and if the
materials are of sufficient strength and that the scaffold is stable
and the required safeguards are in place.

All scaffolds to be erected, altered or dismantled under the

supervision of a competent person.

6 Working at Height - Safety in Use of Ladders

Ladders to be erected with slope of 4:1

Should be placed on firm and level ground

and not be displaced

Ladder should not be used as a place of

work, it is a means of access.

It should extend 1m above landing level

If greater than 3m they should be secured

or footed.

Intermediate landings to be provided

where they exceed 9m

6 Working at Height - Scaffold collapse

Investigation revealed:

Design didnt show adequate information on ties

Contract manager and scaffolder changed this design without

checking with design

300 ties were needed only 91 fitted

Ties were defective and scaffolders not trained on how to fix

Main contractor didnt check design or installation

No scaffold register or weekly inspection

Since incident Main Contractor trained 40 engineers on scaffold

inspection and scaffolder carried out company wide re-training

6 Working at Height - Scaffolds

6 Working at Height - Mobile Scaffolds

6 Working at Height - Mobile Scaffolds

6 Working at Height - Mobile Scaffolds

Mobile Tower Safety checklist
Item

Check

Check instructions for erection/dismantle and erect using competent resource

Erect on surface that is stable, sound and level

Ensure adjustable legs are fully engaged and brakes applied

Ensure frame braces are firmly in place

Ensure platform within maximum height as stated in the instructions and stabilisers added if
required

If outdoor use tie to building or other structure where possible

Do not sheet towers this adds possible wind loading

Do not erect or use mobile towers near to exposed live electrical conductors

Do not lean ladders against towers access should be by ladder within the mobile or other suitable
means

10

Guard rails and toe boards must be fitted

11

Do not exceed working load for mobile and keep platform tidy

12

Never use adjusting screw to gain extra platform height these are for levelling only

13

The tower should only be moved manually force should be applied to the base section. Ensure
working platform clear of personnel and materials when moving

14

Store scaffold material tidily and ensure clean before reuse

6 Working at Height Mobile Elevated Working

Platform (MEWP)

Check list

Has the unit been inspected

Has an exclusion zone been established

Ensure operating conditions are not exceeded e.g. reach, load,

wind speed

Ensure ground conditions adequate for use of MEWP

To be used by trained operators only

If unit to be moved ensure route is clear and ground conditions

safe to use. Beware of fragile covers, overhead power lines

Ensure the outriggers safely deployed

Do not stand on handrails or climb out of the unit

Operator to wear full body harness and lanyard when operating

Turn machine off immediately after use

6 Working at Height - Stepladders

Check

Carry out risk assessment to

determine suitability

Stepladder materials inspected and

in sound condition

Must be stable when opened and

standing on a level base

Must be fully opened, all four legs

firmly and squarely on the ground

Positioned such that person is

facing work

Unless design permits the persons

knees should be kept below the top
step

The user should not work from the

top third unless the steps are
designed for this purpose

6 Working at Height - Roof Work

Plan and risk assess the roof work operation make appropriate
steps to ensure the workers are safe

Ensure the work is properly supervised

Ensure safe access onto the roof

Ensure edge protection is provided to protect people and materials

from falling

Ensure roof openings or fragile areas are securely covered or

barriered off

Ensure tools and materials are secured at all times

Ensure people are kept away from the area below the roof

6 Working at Height - Fall arresting

Includes safety nets, air bags etc

Workers to be trained including rescue.

Adequate strength and stability including anchor points.

Adequate clearance including any distortion in the safeguard.

To be provided where guard rails and toe boards are not

practicable.

7 Lifting Operations - Cranes

General

All lifting equipment should be supplied with instructions for use

and with a test certificate regarding its max Safe Working Load
(SWL),

SWL indicators should be fitted to cranes

Consider the ground conditions on which the lifting appliance will

be operating. Special bases may be required where the ground is
soft.

Outriggers and spreader plates to be deployed SWL load to be

marked and for varying SWL then a SWL indicator to be fitted.

Safe working load indicators in use and working.

7 Lifting Operations - Cranes

Safety Checklist General lifting Activities
Item

Check

Ensure risk assessment and method statement available for lifting

Ensure competent people are available to plan, carry out and supervise the lifting work

Ensure records of each item involved in the lift have current and valid inspection records

Ensure these items are clearly marked with identification numbers and safe working load

Ensure method of communicating is agreed in advance

Ensure weight of item to be lifted is known

Ensure the ground is suitable for equipment and load to be lifted

Ensure sling charts , safe working radius charts are being used to plan the lift

Ensure correct techniques are being used for attachments and slinging to the item to be lifted

10

Ensure where possible that the angle of the slings does not exceed 90 degrees

11

Ensure slings are protected from sharp edges

12

Avoid doubling up slings

13

Ensure the hook is centrally above the item to be lifted

14

Ensure load is free before lifting

15

Ensure any defective slings are removed from site and responsible person is informed

7 Lifting Operations Examinations and Tests

All lifting equipment including machines and chains and ropes to

be inspected and report issued before first use and after erection,
alteration and subsequently at suitable intervals.

Test certificates and examination reports to be available (on site

with the crane) specifying the SWL at different radii.

7 Lifting Operations- Mobile Crane Checklist

Item

Check

Check the crane selected crane has been supplied and it has the correct operating
information along with a competent operator

Check that the correct and valid inspection paperwork is available for the crane and operator
including daily and weekly inspections

Check the ground can take the crane outrigger loadings and is as level as possible

Ensure protection from live power cables

Ensure the area is adequately lit and free from obstruction

Ensure a no crush zone behind the crane

Ensure there is adequate access for craneage and delivery vehicles

Ensure crane operating from planned and agreed location

Ensure signaller is available for guiding lift

10

Ensure outriggers (if being used) are fully extended, locked and adequately supported

11

Check the crane is in good condition including tyres

12

Check crane is safe distance from any open excavations

13

Ensure that the lifting attachments on the item being lifted are adequate and have been
tested

14

Ensure that the safe load indicator and alarm are working

15

Ensure the lift area is restricted to authorised personnel only. Nobody should be allowed to
walk under the suspended load

7 Lifting Operations - Ropes

Only lifting ropes with a known and adequate safe working

capacity should be used.

Ropes must be installed, maintained and inspected as per

manufacturers requirements.

Generally lifting ropes should be inspected at a frequency set

down by country laws and regulations. (UK 12 months or if lifting
people (man baskets) 6 months

Repaired steel ropes should not be used on hoists.

8 Tools and Machinery

Ensure correct tools or machinery are being used for the job

Ensure all dangerous parts guarded

Ensure guards secured and in good repair

Ensure tools and machinery are in good repair and all safety
devices operating correctly

Ensure all operatives are trained and competent

Are electrical tools operating at reduced voltage to reduce risk of

death by electrocution

8 Tools and Machinery Saw benches

Ensure saw has proper guarding, riving and fence safety features

Ensure stop start local and easy to operate

Ensure Safety notices posted in area

Ensure appropriate PPE being worn

Ensure area tidy and segregated from other site operations

Ensure operatives trained in use of machine

9 Electricity
Electrical accidents are caused
Because:

Persons are working on or near equipment which is thought

to be dead but in fact is live; or

Because the equipment is known to be live, but those

involved are without the requisite training and are not
competent therefore, or

They do not have the right equipment and have not applied
the appropriate precautions.

9 Electricity

H&S plan needs to consider the risk of electrocution in all

foreseeable circumstances. This includes:

1. Contact

with OH conductors or induced current from them.

2. Contact

with buried services.

3. General

risks with supplies on site and control.

4. Testing

and commissioning activities.

Control of access to site to prevent unauthorised persons.

Suitable warning signs and notices.

9 Electricity
Physical Controls

Disconnect equipment from supply and ensure that the isolator is

locked in the OFF position. If a number of people are working on
the system then a multiple locking hasp should be used so that
each person can apply his personal lock

If isolation has been achieved by removing a fuse then ensure that

the fuse is removed and held by the supervisor and that the fuse
cabinet is locked and the key retained by the supervisor

A caution/danger notice should be posted on the isolator and also

on the conductor to indicate that it is being worked on

All other live circuits in the area should be identified as such.

The circuits to be worked on should be proved as dead by testing.

The testing device itself should tested immediately before and
after testing

ELECTRICAL OPERATION
LOCKOUT & TAGOUT (LOTO)
PROCEDURE REQUIREMENT
Lockout is a technique used to prevent the
release of hazardous energy, or to prevent
the hazardous energy from escaping.
It is a procedure that protects you from
equipment start-up

Lock all work related switches

Lock all work related powered valves
Put tags on and sign
Test ensure energy isolated
Only the one who locked and tagged
can remove it
Remove locks and tags after work

ELECTRICAL OPERATION

ELECTRICAL WORK SAFETY

Job Safety Analysis (JSA)
Permit to- work
Proper training
Barricade and warning signs
Post warden to ensure no unauthorised access
Strictly follow LOTO

9 Electricity
Physical Controls

In addition to the above proper designed earthing devices

should be applied to the conductors being worked on.

Where there may be adjacent conductors that may be live

then additional screening measures will be required to
ensure that there is no contact possible.

In the case of HV work (>1000v) safe distances should be

established to prevent the risk of arcing.

Risk of induced high voltage to be considered.

9 Electricity
System Controls

The use of a written permit to work linked to the lock off device
should be drawn up and issued by the supervisor who should
witness the testing of the conductors to ensure that they are
dead and that they cannot be made live once work has started,
e.g. no possibility of back feed or induced voltages.

On transformers it is important that both sides of the transformer

have been isolated and earthed.

Supervisor should check on the work periodically to ensure that

there is total compliance with the safety requirements;

Permit must be closed out before conductors are re-energised and

only on the orders of a competent person/supervisor after the
earthing and short circuiting have been removed.

9 Electricity
Human Controls

The persons who will work on the equipment must be briefed on

what is to be done and the precautions to be taken.

They must also be trained for work on the voltage to which they
will be exposed;

Workers should comply with ALL the requirements of the permit to

work;

The supervisor should be competent in respect of electrical safety

at the voltage being worked on.

Operators working on the equipment should also have been

trained in appropriate first aid techniques to do with electric shock;

Always follow the ABB 7 Steps

10 Health - Hazardous Substances

Assess the risks arising to health from the substance to be used in

the construction

Decide what precautions are required to carry out the work

You must first try to prevent exposure, where this is not practical
adequate controls must be put in place to protect the worker

Ensure the control measures are used and maintained

Monitor the exposure of the worker if necessary

Carry out appropriate health monitoring where your assessment

has decided this is necessary or where CoSHH sets specific
requirements

Ensure employees are properly informed trained and supervised

10 Health Dust and Fumes

Hot processes generating airborne fume e.g. welding

Cold processes generating aerosols e.g. spraying

Dry processes generating airborne dust e.g. dust

Also physical/chemical character of the substance

10 Health - Dangerous Atmospheres

Dangerous atmospheres or confined spaces are highly dangerous

and are where toxic or harmful gas or fume, or oxygen deficiency
may be present. SF6?

Special measures are required to protect against the danger.

Include a permit to enter and an alarm

Tests have been carried out on the atmosphere to ensure it is safe.

Adequate ventilation is provided.

Provision of suitable emergency equipment and procedures.

Presence of flammable liquids or gases introduces an additional

hazard.

10 Health Toxic Substances

Asbestos

Toxic &

Corrosive

Lead & heavy

metals
PCBs

V Toxic

Acids & corrosives

Contaminated land
Gases

Harmful

Irritant

Isocyanates
Explosives
Flammables

10 Health - Noise

Assess risk and advise workers

Reduce risk by using less noisy equipment or method

Use acoustic enclosures if practical e.g. site generators

Reduce exposure

Provide hearing protection in accordance with country laws

and regulations