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Lecture Overview
Computer
Computer Hardware
Computer Software
Types of Software
System Software
Application Software
What is computer?
A computer is a device capable of performing
computations and making logical decisions faster
than human beings.
Solve:
((10*3)+(4/2)) / (((4-1)+(6/3))+3) - (((((8*5)+(1*7))-2)-5)/10)
What is Hardware?
Computer hardware is the collection of physical elements
that constitutes a computer system.
Internal
Memory
Input
External
Memory
Processor
ALU
CPU
Output
Computer System
Input
Devices
Processing
(CPU/Memory)
Storage Devices
Output
Devices
Computer Hardware
Central Processing Unit (CPU)
Brains of the computer
Arithmetic calculations are performed using the
Arithmetic/Logical Unit or ALU
Control unit decodes and executes instructions
Computer Hardware
Memory
storage for input, temporary data and output
Volatile Memory (temporary)
Non-volatile Memory (permanent)
Computer Hardware
Input/Output Devices
Components that allow computer to perform specific
tasks
Receive information for processing
Return the results of processing
Store information
Computer Hardware
Input/Output Devices
Common input and output devices
Speakers Mouse
Scanner
Printer
CD-ROM
Joystick
Keyboard Microphone
DVD
What is Software?
Everything that a computer does, from the time
you turn the power on until you shut the system
down, is under the control of software.
It is a set of machine-readable instructions that
directs a computer's processor to perform
specific operations.
What is Software?
Software is stored on a disk, card, tape or one of
the dozens of other storage devices available.
Software Categories
TWO (2) general categories of software:
SOFTWARE
System
Software
Application
Software
System Software
Systems Software perform tasks that are
needed to run on the computer systems.
They are designed to operate the computer
which act as a bridge between computer system
hardware and the application software.
System Software
Types of Systems Software:
Operating System
Device Drivers
Functions:
a) User interface and input/output management
User interface: allows individuals to access and
command the computer system
Command-based user interface: requires that text
commands be given to the computer to perform basic
activities
Graphical user interface (GUI): uses icons and
menus displayed on screen to send commands to the
computer system
Application
program
interface
(API):
allows
c) Memory management
Functions:
d) Processing tasks
Multitasking: more than one program can run at the same time
Time-sharing: allows more than one person to use a computer
system at the same time
Scalability: ability of the computer to handle an increasing
number of concurrent users smoothly
e) Networking capability
Functions:
f)
g) File management
Any Questions?
Windows 1
Windows 2
Windows 3
Windows 3.1
Windows 95
Windows 98
Windows ME
Windows 2000
Windows XP
Windows Vista
Windows 7
Windows 8
Application Software
Application software or Apps
Complete, self-contained computer programs that
performs useful tasks.
Application software cannot run on itself but is
dependent on system software to execute.
Word processors
Desktop publishing programs
Spreadsheets
Presentation managers
Drawing programs
Application Software
Types of Application Software based on
Purpose:
General purpose application software or
Commercial-off-the-shelf software
> ready-made and available for sale to the general public
Software Ownership
Ownership or License
governing the use or redistribution of software.
Types of ownership:
Proprietary/Non-free
Freeware/Open source software
Shareware
Public-domain software
Activity
What kind of software does the handicap
uses? For the blind, the deaf and etc.