CP504 Lecture 6

Enzyme kinetics and associated reactor design:

Enzyme Reactor Design

Prof. R. Shanthini

Batch Enzyme Reactor

Mass balance for the substrate:
0 = 0 + d(VCs)/dt + (-rS)V
For a batch reactor with constant volume
reacting mixture, the above becomes
- dCs/dt = -rS

(27)

V for volume of the reacting mixture at time t

CS for concentration of the substrate in V at time t
(-rS) for substrate utilization rate in V at time t
Prof. R. Shanthini

Batch Enzyme Reactor

Substituting (-rS) for the simple enzyme reaction in (27), we
get
rmaxCS
dCS
(28)
=
dt
KM + CS
Rearranging (28), we get
CS

(
-

CS0

t
KM + CS
CS

)
dCS

rmax dt

(29)

Integrating (29) gives

()

KM ln
Prof. R. Shanthini

CS0
CS

+ (CS0 CS)

= rmax t

(30)
3

Batch Enzyme Reactor

Determination of
M-M kinetic
parameters

(30) in linear form becomes

(CS0 CS)
ln(CS0/CS)

= - KM +

rmax

(31)

ln(CS0/CS)

(CS0 CS)
ln(CS0/CS)
rmax

- KM

Prof. R. Shanthini

t
ln(CS0/CS)4

Plug-flow Enzyme Reactor at steady-state

F
CS0

F
CS

F
CS+dCS

F
CSf

dV
Mass balance for the substrate over dV:
FCS = F(CS + dCS) + (-rS) dV
The above can be simplified to

- FdCS / dV = -rS

F for the steady flow rate through the reactor

CS for concentration of the substrate

Prof. R. Shanthini

dV for small volume of the reacting mixture

(-rS) for substrate utilization rate in dV

Plug-flow Enzyme Reactor at steady-state

F
CS0

F
CS

F
CS+dCS

F
CSf

dV
Introducing space-time ( = V/F), we get
- dCS / d = -rS

(32)

which is very similar to (27)

F for the steady flow rate through the reactor
CS for concentration of the substrate

Prof. R. Shanthini

dV for small volume of the reacting mixture

(-rS) for substrate utilization rate in dV

Plug-flow Enzyme Reactor at steady-state

Substituting (-rS) for the simple enzyme reaction in (32), we
get
rmaxCS
dCS
(33)
=
d
KM + CS
Rearranging (33), we get
CS

KM + CS

CS0

CS

)
dCS

rmax d

(34)

Integrating (34) gives

()

KM ln

Prof. R. Shanthini

CS0
CS

+ (CS0 CS)

= rmax

(35)
7

Plug-flow Enzyme Reactor at steady-state

(35) in linear form becomes
(CS0 CS)
= - KM + rmax
ln(CS0/CS)

(36)

ln(CS0/CS)

(CS0 CS)
ln(CS0/CS)
rmax

- KM

Prof. R. Shanthini

Determination
of M-M kinetic
parameters

ln(CS0/CS)8

Continuous Stirred Tank Enzyme Reactor at steady-state

F
CS0

V
CS

F
CS

F for the steady flow rate through the reactor

CS for concentration of the substrate in the reactor and at the exit
V for the volume of the reacting
mixture
(-r
) for substrate utilization rate in V
S

Prof. R. Shanthini

Continuous Stirred Tank Enzyme Reactor at steady-state

F
CS0

V
CS

F
CS

Mass balance for the substrate over V:

FCS0 = FCS + (-rS) V
Prof. R. Shanthini

(37)
10

Continuous Stirred Tank Enzyme Reactor at steady-state

Introducing space-time ( = V/F) in (37), we get
CS0 = CS + (-rS)

(38)

Substituting (-rS) for the simple enzyme reaction in (38), we

get
CS0 = CS +

Prof. R. Shanthini

rmaxCS
K M + CS

(39)

11

Continuous Stirred Tank Enzyme Reactor at steady-state

(39) in linear form becomes
CS

= - KM +

rmax

CS
(CS0 CS)

(40)

CS

rmax

- KM
Prof. R. Shanthini

Determination of
M-M kinetic
parameters

CS
(CS0-CS)
12