Electric Machines IIIA

COURSE EPM 405A

FOR
4th Year Power and Machines
ELECTRICAL DEPARTMENT

Lecture 03

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

Induction Machine Modeling

Review of Magnetically coupled circuits:

Magnetically coupled electric circuits are central to the

operation of transformers and electric machines.
Dr. Amr AbdAllah

Induction Machine Modeling

Review of Magnetically coupled circuits:

In case of transformers, stationary circuits are

magnetically coupled for the purpose of changing
the voltage and current levels.

In the case of electric machines circuits in relative

motion are magnetically couples for the purpose of
transferring energy between mechanical and
electrical systems.

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

Induction Machine Modeling

Review of Magnetically coupled circuits:
m is the magnetizing flux
l is the leakage flux

The flux linking each coil

may be expressed as:

Because it is assumed that flux 1 links the equivalent

turns of coil 1 (N1) and flux 2 links the equivalent turns
of coil 2 (N2), then the flux linkages may be written as:

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

Induction Machine Modeling

Review of Magnetically coupled circuits:

If saturation is neglected, the system is linear and the

fluxes may be expressed:

l1 and l1are the reluctances of the leakage pathes and

m is the reluctance of the path of the magnetizing flux.
l
A
Dr. Amr AbdAllah

Induction Machine Modeling

Review of Magnetically coupled circuits:

Since

and

Thus
Self inductances

and

Lm1

Ll1

L21

Ll 2

L12

Lm 2
Dr. Amr AbdAllah

Induction Machine Modeling

Review of Magnetically coupled circuits:

Relating the magnetizing inductances of coil 1 and coil 2 we get:

It is obvious that L12=L21. The mutual inductances may be related to the
magnetizing inductances as follows:
The flux linkage now can be written as:

L12

where

L21

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

Induction Machine Modeling

Review of Magnetically coupled circuits:

Referring coil 2 variables to coil 1, we have:

Since power has to be unchanged by this substitution, that

is:
then:
The flux linkage (voltage-second) is treated the same way as
the voltage, that is:

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

Induction Machine Modeling

Review of Magnetically coupled circuits:

Substituting the relations

in

We can show using (

for Lm2) that:

where

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

Induction Machine Modeling

Review of Magnetically coupled circuits:

The voltage equation become:

where

Suggest T equivalent circuit with coil 1 as reference

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

10

Induction Machine Modeling

Inductances of Induction machine

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

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Induction Machine Modeling

Inductances of induction machine:
Using the concepts introduced for the magnetic coupling of the
stationary 2 coil device, the self and mutual inductances of the
different machine windings can be deduced.
The mutual inductances between the different phases is decided
according to the angle between the magnetic axes of these
windings.
In general we can write:
LAB is maximum when the two
axes
(i.e.
LABmagnetic
L0 cos(
Aare
coinciding
B)
A=B) and is zero when the magnetic axes are 90 apart from
each other.
L0 is the maximum value of the mutual inductance.

Ns

Lms

r l
g

Ns Nr

2 2

, Lsr

r l
g

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

Nr

, Lmr

r l
g
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Induction Machine Modeling

Inductances of induction machine:
Self inductances of stator and rotor windings are
independent on rotor position r:
In order to obtain the self inductance of a winding substitute
A=B , to get the so called useful self inductance and then
add the leakage inductance of the winding. For phase a of
the stator winding we have:

Lasas Lls L0 cos(0) Lls Lms

Similarly for the b and c phases of the stator windings we have:

Lbsbs Lcscs Lls Lms

For the rotor windings

Larar Lbrbr Lcrcr Llr L0 cos(0) Llr Lmr

While referred to stator:

Lbrbr
Lcrcr
Llr Lms
Larar
Dr. Amr AbdAllah

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Induction Machine Modeling

Inductances of induction machine:
Mutual inductances between stator windings are
independent on rotor position r:
The mutual inductance between a and b phases of the stator
is given as:

Similarly:

Lasbs L0 cos(0 120) 0.5Lms

Lbscs L0 cos(120 240) 0.5 Lms

Lcsas L0 cos(240 0) 0.5 Lms

Mutual inductances between rotor windings are

independent on rotor position r:

and

Larbr L0 cos( r ( r 120)) 0.5Lmr

Lbrcr Lcrar 0.5 Lmr

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

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Induction Machine Modeling

Inductances of induction machine:

Mutual inductances between stator and rotor windings

are dependent on rotor position r:
The mutual inductance between a and b phases of the
stator is given as:

Lasar L0 cos(0 r ) Lsr cos( r )

Similarly:

Lasbr L0 cos(0 ( r 120)) Lsr cos( r 120)

Lascr L0 cos(0 ( r 240)) Lsr cos( r 240)

It can also be shown that:

Lbsbr Lcs cr Lsr cos( r )

Lbscr Lcsar Lsr cos( r 120)
Student
assignment
Lbsar Lcsbr Lsr cos( r 240)
Dr. Amr AbdAllah

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Induction Machine Modeling

Voltage equations of induction machine:
The voltage equations in machine variables may be expressed as:

Where
The flux linkages can be expressed as:

Example:

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

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Induction Machine Modeling

Voltage equations of induction machine:

rs
rs 0
0

0
rs
0

0
0
rs

rr
rr 0
0

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

0
rr
0

0
0
rr

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Induction Machine Modeling

Voltage equations of induction machine:
When expressing the voltage equations in machine variable
form it is convenient to refer all rotor variables to stator
windings with appropriate turns ratio (Ns/Nr):

Since the magnetizing and mutual inductances are associated

with the same magnetic flux path, then we can define:
since

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

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Induction Machine Modeling

Voltage equations of induction machine:
Also since:

then defining
leads to:
where
The voltage equations expressed in terms of machine
variables referred to stator may be written as:
where
Dr. Amr AbdAllah

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NEXT LECTURE

CHAPTER II (CONTD)
Symmetrical Induction Machine Models

Dr. Amr AbdAllah

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