Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Methane Production
35 C
incubator
RJ 45 plug
Serum
bottle
Connector panel
Pressure
sensor
Multiplexer
Crimp cap
with septa
Hypodermic
needle
analog
to
digital
A naerobic
solution
Monroe L. Weber-Shirk
Food
7%
2 kg/cap/day
Paper and
paperboard
38%
Plastics
10%
The majority
is organic
matter!
Landfills...
Will
Why
Methane Production
Why are Landfills anaerobic?
Why are landfills warm? (Average temperature of Fresh
Kills Landfill is 29.4 C)
Nutrients
H2O
NH3
Cells
Follow
carbon
flow...
Organic
Matter
H2S
CH4
CO2
New Cells
Heat
Refractory organic matter
Cap System
keeps runoff and precipitation
out of landfill
safely vents gases
Gas Vent
Cover Soil
Drainage Layer
Geomembrane
Compacted Clay
Gas Collection Layer
Waste
Experiment Setup
35 C
incubator
RJ 45 plug
Serum
bottle
Pressure
sensor
Crimp cap
with septa
Hypodermic
needle
Anaerobic
solution
Connector panel
Multiplexer
analog
to
digital
Nutrients
pH control...
High
NH33
H22O
H22S
Cells
Organic Matter
CH44
CO22
New Cells
Heat
Refractory organic matter
Anaerobes
7.5
Remember ANC...
ANC
ANC
22
1 2 2
PCO K H 1
22
Kw
system?
H
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
1
VolatilePCO
orKNon-volatile
H
H2CO3
HCO3
CO3
H+
OH-
0.1
0.01
0.001
0.0001
0.00001
0.000001
0.0000001
0.00000001
pH
PCO K H 1
22
HCO
a1
K1
3
=
=
+
*
a0
H
H
CO
2 3
H
HCO
3
K1 =
*
H
CO
2 3
H
CO
2
3
KH =
PCO2
ANC =
PCO2 K H K1
+
ANC Problem
How
ANC =
PCO2 K H K1
PCO2 =30kPa
F
3
x
10
Pa
312
. x10
c hH
ANC
4
Ic
K
moles
106.3 M
J
107 M
4
moles
ANC 46.9
m3
ANC Problem
If
PCO2 K H K1
ANC
+
CO2 pressure doubled so Hdoubles
________
+
-7
=
H
1
10
M
pH was 7 (_____________)
so
+
-7
=
H
2
10
M
pH = 6.7
Inoculum
We need
Sample Size
What
F
fG
H
IJ
K
0.133 moles C
Pa
m3
0133
. mol 8.31
308 K
nRT
mol
K
P
P
V
60 10 6 m3
P 5.7 MPa
Bottle rocket!
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
________________
Pressure Sensors
Transduce
Use
Strain Gages
Design
Strain gage
Little change
in the y direction? ________________
Great change
In the x direction? ________________
Piezoresistive Diaphragms
R is function of ____________
orientation on crystal and strain.
R+R
Signal +
Excitation -
Voltage___
R
Signal -
Excitation +
R+R
Voltage___
materials
Port 1
Gage
Differential
Both
ports connected to
system
Port 2
Pressure Complications
69.5
69.4
Pressurized serum bottle
69.3
Placed in incubator and
69.2
69.1
monitored
69
Why does pressure increase
68.9
68.8
initially?________________
Temperature!
0
What are the short term
12
10
fluctuations?
8
Incubator
__________________________ 6
4
temperature fluctuations!
_____
2
0
What are the long term
0
fluctuations? ____________
Atmospheric pressure!
Pressure (kPa)
3
Time (hr)
Pressure (kPa)
10
Time (days)
15
20