Project Management

Engr. Ped Salvador, Ph.D.

May 6, 2016

Who wants to be a project

manager?

Why?

Who wants to work with a

project manager?

When? Where? How?

8 Topics to Learn

What is a Project?
Process Groups
The Triple Constraint
What is Project Management?
The Project Manager
Importance of Project Management
Project Management Framework
Integrated Approach
7

1. What is a Project?

Beginning

Middle

End

All projects have a beginning, a middle and an end.

8

A definition:

A
temporary endeavor
undertaken to accomplish
Beginning
Middle
End a
unique purpose

Broad Definition
A project is a sequence of unique,
complex, and connected activities
having one goal or purpose and that
must be completed by a specific time,
within budget, and according to
specifications.
10

An Example
Building construction

1995 Corel Corp.

11

An Example
Research project

12

1995
Corel Corp.

Project Management Criteria

Projects are oriented towards a goal.
There is something unique about
every project.
Projects have a finite duration.
Projects require coordination of
interrelated activities.
13

Projects
JAN

FEB

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

Build A
A Done
Build B
B Done
Build C
C Done
Build D

On time!

Ship

Unique, one-time operations designed to accomplish a

specific set of objectives in
a limited time frame.
14

Project Objectives:
Make it:
Quick,
Cheap, and
Right.
15

What is Project Management?

Project management is a set of
principles and tools for

Defining
Planning
Executing
Controlling . . . and
Completing a PROJECT
16

Why is Project Management Important?

Organize your approach

Generate a credible schedule
Track progress and control your project
Identify where to focus your efforts
Identify problems early before they are
crises
Saves you TIME.MONEY
If you fail to plan, PLAN TO FAIL

17

Project Characteristics
A target
outcome

A defined life
span

Cross
organisational
participation

New or
unique

Time, Cost
and
performance
requirements

Projects have a common set of characteristics

which can also be defined by what they are not

18

A target
outcome

A defined life
span

Cross
organisational
participation

New or unique

Time, Cost and

performance
requirements

Projects have a common set of characteristics

which can also be defined by what they

are not
19

What a project isnt

Explorations

Go on
indefinitely

One team or
one person
working alone

Creating the
same thing
multiple times

No constraints
on time, cost
or
performance

20

Process Groups
Initiate
Plan

Implement

Monitor &
Control
Close

All projects typically go through these five processes

21

Step 1

inputs

Step 2

activity

Step 3

Result

outputs

A process is a series of actions directed towards a

particular result.
22

Figure 1 Project Life Cycle

(Gray & Larson, 2006, p6)

23

Project Planning
Establishing objectives
Defining project
Creating work breakdown
structure
Determining resources
Forming organization

1995 Corel Corp.

24

25

3. The Triple Constraint

Time
Time

Scope
Scope

Cost
Cost

Also known as the IRON TRIANGLE

26

Figure 2 Triple Constraint of Project Management

27

Scope the Project - Goal

A project has one primary goal: to give
purpose and direction
Defines the final deliverable and outcome
States in clear terms what is to be
accomplished
Is a reference point for questions about
scope and purpose of the project
28

 SMART Objectives
Specific
Measurable
Assignable
Realistic
Time-related

Success Criteria
Clearly states the bottom-line impact
Quantifies outcomes so success can be measured

Scope the Project

Objectives & Success Criteria

29

 Identify factors that might affect the outcome or

completion of the project
Used to alert management to factors that may
interfere with project work
Types of assumptions and risks
Technological
Environmental
Interpersonal
Cultural
Political

Scope the Project: Assumptions,

Risks

30

Project Scoping Form

Project Name

Project Manager Team Members

Problem / Opportunity (Why do this project?):

Project Goal:
Objectives (Specific, Measurable, Assignable), Duration?
Cost?
Success Criteria (Outcomes):
Assumptions, Risks, Obstacles:
31

The Quadruple Constraint

Time
Time

Quality
Quality
Scope
Scope

Cost
Cost

Warning:
Warning: Quality
Quality has
has many
many definitions
definitions

32

4. What is Project Management?

Advantages of Project Management
Better control of financial, physical, and
human resources
Improved customer relations
Shorter development times
Lower costs
Higher quality and increased reliability
Higher profit margins
Improved productivity
Better internal coordination
33

stakeholders

Performing
Organisation
stakeholders
Client - Sponsor

Project Manager

stakeholders

Project Team

stakeholders

34

5. The Project Manager

35

Project Organization
Often temporary structure
Uses specialists from entire company
Headed by project manager
Coordinates activities
Monitors schedule
& costs

Permanent
structure called
matrix organization

Eng.
Acct.

Eng.
Mkt.
Mgr.

36

1995
Corel Corp.

Responsible for:

Project Manager
Work
Human Resources
Communications

37

Quality
Time
Costs

The Role of
the Project Manager
Project Plan
and Schedule
Revisions and
Updates
Project
Manager
Information
regarding times,
costs, problems,
delays
Resources
38

Performance
Reports

Project
Team

Feedback Loop
Top
Management

39
(Schwalbe, 2006, p17)

40

Project Management
Techniques
Gantt chart
Critical Path Method (CPM)
Program Evaluation & Review
Technique (PERT)

1984-1994 T/Maker Co.

41

Tool-Gantt Chart
Visual scheduling tool
Graphical representation of information in
WBS
Show dependencies between tasks,
personnel, and other resources allocations
Track progress towards completion
42

Planning and Scheduling

Gantt Chart
Locate new facilities
Interview staff
Hire and train staff
Select and order
furniture
Remodel and install
phones
Move in/startup

43

MAR

APR

MAY

JUN

JUL

AUG

SEP

OCT

NOV

DEC

Gantt Chart Example

Tasks

Arrows indicate
task dependencies:
Predecessor
task
Successor task

Bars indicate
time requirement

Estimated time to complete a task

44

7. Project Management Framework

Time
Time
Management
Management

Cost
Cost
Management
Management

Scope
Scope
Management
Management

Quality
Quality
Management
Management

Integration
Integration
Management
Management

HR
HRManagement
Management

Risk
Risk
Management
Management

Communication
Communication
Management
Management

Procurement
Procurement
Management
Management

The PMBOKs 9 Knowledge areas

45

Figure 3 Project Management Framework

46

8. Integrated Approach
Stakeholders
are people involved in or affected by project activities
Stakeholders include:
Project sponsor
Project manager
Project team
Support staff
Customers
Suppliers
Opponents to the project
Why would a team member be a stakeholder?
47

Sponsor &
Supporters

Suppliers

Project Team

Customers

Opponents

48

Always Remember!

The first four knowledge areas are Core Functions

49

Time
Time
Management
Management

Cost
Cost
Management
Management

Scope
Scope
Management
Management

Quality
Quality
Management
Management

Integration
Integration
Management
Management

HR
HRManagement
Management

Risk
Risk
Management
Management

Communication
Communication
Management
Management

Procurement
Procurement
Management
Management

Project Core Functions

50

Time
Time
Management
Management

Cost
Cost
Management
Management

Scope
Scope
Management
Management

Quality
Quality
Management
Management

Integration
Integration
Management
Management

HR
HRManagement
Management

Risk
Risk
Management
Management

Communication
Communication
Management
Management

Procurement
Procurement
Management
Management

The next four knowledge areas are Facilitating Processes

51

Contract
Contract staff
staff

What knowledge area do

contract labourers fall into?

HR
HR
Management
Management

Procurement
Procurement
Management
Management

52

Time
Time
Management
Management

Cost
Cost
Management
Management

Scope
Scope
Management
Management

Quality
Quality
Management
Management

Integration
Integration
Management
Management

HR
HRManagement
Management

Risk
Risk
Management
Management

Communication
Communication
Management
Management

Procurement
Procurement
Management
Management

Integration Management pulling it all together

53

What if its not Integrated?

Time
Time
Management
Management

Quality
Quality
Management
Management

Cost
Cost
Management
Management
Integration
Integration
Management
Management

HR
HRManagement
Management

Communication
Communication
Management
Management
Risk
Risk
Management
Management

Scope
Scope
Management
Management

Procurement
Procurement
Management
Management

54

Figure 4 Integrated Management of Projects

55

Technical skills

Budgeting, Scheduling,
Documenting

People Skills

Leading, Motivating,
Listening, Empathising

Which ones are most important for projects?

56

Figure 5 Technical and Socio-cultural Dimensions

of Project Management

57

End
Thank You!

58