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INTRODUCCION
En esta capitulo sobre races de ecuaciones, se
ocupa de mtodos que aprovechan el hecho de una
funcin cambia de signo en la vecindad de una raz. A
esta tcnica se llama mtodos cerrados o de
intervalos, por que se necesita de dos valores
inciales para una raz. Todo esto se resolvern a
travs del Software Matlab.
MTODO DE BISECCIN
f(x)
f ( x i ).f ( x s ) 0
f(xi)
xi
f(xs)
xs
MTODO DE BISECCIN
f(x)
xi x r
f(xi)
f(xr)
f(xs)
xi
xi
xs
MTODO DE BISECCIN
f(x)
xi x s
xr
2
f(xr)
xi
f(xs)
xr
xs
MTODO DE BISECCIN
f ( x) e
Iteracin
Xi
Xs
f(xi)
f(Xs)
Xr
f(Xr)
-0.63212056
0.5
0.10653066
0.5
0.5
0.10653066
-0.63212056
0.75
-0.27763345
0.25
0.5
0.75
0.10653066
-0.27763345
0.625
-0.08973857
0.125
0.5
0.625
0.10653066
-0.08973857
0.5625
0.00728282
0.0625
0.5625
0.625
0.00728282
-0.08973857
0.59375
-0.04149755
0.03125
0.5625
0.59375
0.00728282
-0.04149755
0.578125
-0.01717584
0.015625
0.5625
0.578125
0.00728282
-0.01717584
0.5703125
-0.00496376
0.0078125
0.5625
0.5703125
0.00728282
-0.00496376
0.56640625
0.0011552
0.00390625
0.56640625
0.5703125
0.0011552
-0.00496376
0.56835938
-0.00190536
0.00195313
10
0.56640625
0.56835938
0.0011552
-0.00190536
0.56738281
-0.00037535
0.00097656
11
0.56640625
0.56738281
0.0011552
-0.00037535
0.56689453
0.00038986
0.00048828
12
0.56689453
0.56738281
0.00038986
-0.00037535
0.56713867
7.2379E-06
0.00024414
13
0.56713867
0.56738281
7.2379E-06
-0.00037535
0.56726074
-0.00018406
0.00012207
14
0.56713867
0.56726074
7.2379E-06
-0.00018406
0.56719971
-8.8412E-05
0.000061035
Decisiones
Funcin
Recurrencia
Xr = 0.567143
MTODO DE BISECCIN
0.5
0.75
0.625
f (x) e
0.5625
0.59375
0.578125
0.5703125
0.56640625
0.567143
g(x)
xr
x
f(x)
g' ( x ) 1
Requisito para convergencia
x0
x3 x2 x1
x i1 g(xi )
x * g(x * )
x * xi1 Ei1
g'() *
x xi
Ei
g'(x)
Divergencia
iteracin
Xi
f(Xi)
g(Xi)
-0.63212056
0.36787944
0.36787944
0.32432119
0.69220063
0.63212056
0.69220063
-0.19172713
0.5004735
0.32432119
0.5004735
0.10577003
0.60624354
0.19172713
0.60624354
-0.06084775
0.54539579
0.10577004
0.54539579
0.03421655
0.57961234
0.06084775
0.57961234
-0.01949687
0.56011546
0.03421655
0.56011546
0.01102765
0.57114312
0.01949688
10
0.57114312
-0.00626377
0.56487935
0.01102766
11
0.56487935
0.00354938
0.56842873
0.00626377
12
0.56842873
-0.00201399
0.56641473
0.00354938
13
0.56641473
0.0011419
0.56755664
0.002014
14
0.56755664
-0.00064773
0.56690891
0.00114191
15
0.56690891
0.00036732
0.56727623
0.00064773
16
0.56727623
-0.00020833
0.5670679
0.00036732
17
0.5670679
0.00011815
0.56718605
0.00020833
Decisiones
Funcin
Recurrencia
Xr = 0.567143
f(x1)
x1
O mtodo de la tangente
f '(x1)
f(x1)
x1
f(xi)
x i+1 xi
f'(xi)
f(x1)
f(x2)
x1
x2
f(xi )
x i1 xi
f '(xi )
f(x1)
f(x2)
f(x3)
x1
x2
x3
Ei1 R2
MTODO DE NEWTON
RAPHSON
x
f ( x) e x
iteracin
Xi
f(Xi)
f'(Xi)
-2
0.5
0.10653066
-1.60653066
0.5
3
0.566311003
0.00130451
-1.567615513
0.066311003
0.567143165
1.9648E-07
-1.567143362
0.000832162
0.56714329
4.4409E-15
-1.56714329
0.000000125
Derivada
Funcin
Recurrencia
Xr = 0.567143
lento
rpido
x
x3
x1
x0
x2
x0 x2
x4
x1
x3
MTODO DE LA SECANTE
f(x)
f(x0)
f(x1)
x0
x1
MTODO DE LA SECANTE
f(x)
f(x0)
f(x1)
x0
x1
MTODO DE LA SECANTE
f(x)
xi f(x i1 ) x i1f(x i )
xi1
f(x i1 ) f(x i )
f(x0)
f(x1)
f(x2)
x0
x1 x2
MTODO DE LA SECANTE
f(x)
f(x0)
f(x1)
x0 x1 x2
f(x0)
f(x2) f(x1)
x0 x1 x2
MTODO DE LA
SECANTE
x
f ( x) e x
X0
X1
f(X0)
f(X1)
X2
f(X2)
0.4
0.27032005
0.54818554
0.02981207
0.4
0.54818554
0.27032005
0.02981207
0.56655382
0.00092388
iteracin
0.01836828
3
0.54818554
0.56655382
0.02981207
0.00092388
0.56714126
3.1783E-06
0.00058744
4
0.56655382
0.56714126
0.00092388
3.1783E-06
0.56714329
3.3904E-10
0.00000203
Derivada
Funcin
Recurrencia
Xr = 0.567143
Problemas propuestos:
1. La siguiente ecuacin:
2.
Encuentre
funciones:
la
interseccin
de
las
siguientes
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