CHAPTER 3 :

ETHICS AND
PRIVACY

LEARNING OUTCOME
3.1 Ethical Issues
3.2 Privacy

3.1 Ethical Issues

Ethics
-The principles of right and wrong that
individuals use to make choices that
guide their behavior.

ETHICAL
ISSUES
Ethical
Frameworks

Ethics and
Information
Technology
Ethics in the
Corporate
Environment

Ethical Frameworks
1. Recognize an ethical issue
2. Get the facts
3. Evaluate alternative actions
4. Make a Decisions and Test It
5. Act and Reflect on the Outcome of Decisions

Ethics in the Corporate Environment

Code of Ethics
- Collection of principles intended to guide decision making by members of the
organization
Fundamental Tenets of Ethics

3.2 Privacy
Privacy
-The right to be left alone and to be free of
unreasonable personal intrusions.
Information Privacy
-The right to determine when, and to what
extent, information about you can be gathered
and/or communicated to others.

PRIVACY ISSUES
Electronic
Surveillance

Privacy
Codes and
Policies

Personal
Information
in
Databases

Information on
Internet Bulletin
Boards,
Newsgroups,
and Social
Networking
Sites

International
Aspects of
Privacy

Electronic Surveillance
Using technology to monitor individuals as they go
about their daily routines.
Is conducted by employers, governments, and other
institutions.
Examples:
Surveillance cameras in airports, subways, banks, and
other public venues.
Inexpensive digital sensors are found in laptop
webcams, video game sensors, smartphone cameras,
utility meters, passports, and ID cards.
Smartphones create geotags
Google and Microsoft street view images
Satellite imaging

Personal Information in Databases

Personal Data / Record
Keepers
Credit Reporting
Agencies
Banks and
Financial
Institutions
Utility Companies
Employers
Hospitals
Schools
Government
Agencies (IRS,
State, City)

Major Concerns about

Information You Provide
Record Keepers
How are the data
used?
To whom are the
data given or sold?
How secure are the
data against access
by unauthorized
people?

Major Concerns about

Information You Provide
Record Keepers
Do you know where
the records are?
Are the records
accurate?
Can you change
inaccurate data?
How long will it take
to make a change?
Under what
circumstances will
personal data be
released?

Information on Internet Bulletin Boards,

Newsgroups, and Social Networking
Sites
Free Speech versus Privacy on the
Internet
Derogatory Information Can
Influence Hiring Decisions
Little to No Recourse for Victims

Privacy Codes & Policies

An organizations guidelines for protecting the privacy of its

customers, clients, and employees.
Opt-out Model
Opt-in Model

Platform for Privacy Preferences (P3P)

A protocol that communicates privacy policies between a
web site and its visitors

US Federal Trade Commissions Fair Information Practices

Standard

European Directive on Data Privacy

International Aspects of Privacy

The Global Nature of the Internet
Complicates Data Privacy
Approximately 50 Countries Have
Data-Protection Laws
Inconsistent standards from country to
country
Transborder data flow.

END OF CHAPTER 3