Review Quiz # 13.

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a)

Normal and shearing

stresses on the horizontal
and vertical planes.

b)

The orientation
(060), with respect to
the given state of stress, of
the plane where the normal
stress is equal to zero. What
is the corresponding
shearing stress on that

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Determine

ES 13 Lecture 13

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Theories of
Failure

Material Failure

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ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Ductile Materials
(failure due to shear
stresses)

Brittle Materials
(failure due to normal
stresses)

Theories of Failure
Maximum Shear Stress Theory /
Tresca Failure Criterion
Maximum Distortion Energy
Theory
Brittle Materials
Maximum Normal Stress Theory

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Ductile Materials

 states that yielding of the material begins

when the absolute maximum shear stress in
the material reaches the shear stress that
causes the same material to yield when it is
subjected only to axial tension

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ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Maximum Shear Stress Theory /

Tresca Failure Criterion

If 1 and 2 have the same signs,

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ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Maximum Shear Stress Theory /

Tresca Failure Criterion

If 1 and 2 have opposite signs,

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ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Maximum Shear Stress Theory /

Tresca Failure Criterion

If 1 and 2 have same signs,

If 1 and 2 have opposite signs,

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ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Maximum Shear Stress Theory /

Tresca Failure Criterion

Example # 13.1

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

As a result of several
tensile tests, it has been
found that the tensile
yield strength is Y = 250
MPa for the grade of steel
used.
Determine the factor of
safety with respect to
yield, using the
maximum-shearing

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 states that yielding in a ductile material

occurs when the distortion energy per unit
volume of the material equals or exceeds the
distortion energy per unit volume of the
same material when it is subjected to
yielding in a simple tension test.

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ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Maximum Distortion Energy

Theory

Strain Energy Density

Within the elastic range,

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

energy stored under external loading per

unit volume of material

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Strain Energy Density

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Volume Change

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Shape Change

DISTORTIO

Distortion Energy Density

For planar cases (),

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

When , ,

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Distortion Energy Density

For planar cases (),
For uniaxial cases (),

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

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von Mises stress:

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ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Maximum Distortion Energy

Theory

 MDET is, at most, 15% more

accurate than MSST (Pure shear)

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ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Theories of Failure for Ductile

Materials

Maximum Normal Stress Theory

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

states that a brittle material will fail when

the maximum normal stress in the material
reaches a value equal to the ultimate normal
stress the material can sustain when it is
subjected to simple tension.

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Mohrs Failure Criterion

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Pure tension ()
Pure comp. ()
Pure shear ()

u,
C

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

states that failure is said to occur if a planestress condition at a point is represented by a

circle that has a point of tangency with the
failure envelope, or if it extends beyond the
envelopes boundary
Failure
Envelop

TRI-AXIAL TEST:
e

u,
T

Mohrs Failure Criterion

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

In terms of the
principal
stresses,

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Example # 13.2

the maximum shearing

stress theory
b) the maximum
distortion energy
a)

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Given that the material

has a yield stress of 250
MPa, y=0.5x and
xy=0.25x , determine
max x using

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ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Theories of Failure for Ductile

Materials

Quiz # 13.2

ES 13MECHANICS OF MATERIALS

Knowing that for the aluminum alloy used,

UT = 80 MPa and UC = 200 MPa and using
Mohrs criterion, determine whether
rupture will occur for the given state of
stress.

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