Solar For The Home-Installation & Maintenance-20161

E.N.G.I.N.E.E.R., Inc.
SOLAR for the

HOME Part 2
Installation & Maintenance
Prepared/ Compiled by:
Engineer William Jacinto Juan, pee/ rmp/ mepf/ ma/ broadcaster
Dep. GenSec, E.N.G.I.N.E.E.R., Inc.
Co-Founder, MEPF Engineers Co.
Natl President, PIPES
Former Committee Chair, IIEE Balik Liwanag & Electrical Safety
Former NP, PSUMP/ NAMPAP Pro-Change/ Pugad Lawin Phils.
Proprietor, FEMP Safety Engineering Construction, 2013-present
CEO/Founder, Versatech Consultants & Mgmt.Corp., 1985-2015
June 2016
Short Resume of Resource Speaker/ Lecturer:
Engr. William Jacinto Juan,
pee,rmp,mepf,ma
0943 0616 215 / 0915 292 8668 / 0929 555 2508 / pldt mobile 73 69 159
Admin/Founder SOLARSAFE PHILIPPINES, a FB Group

Dep.Gen.Sec/Co-Founder E.N.G.I.N.E.E.R., Inc.
Training Director/Co-Founder MEPF Engineers Co.
Gen.Manager/Proprietor of FEMP Safety Engineering Construction, 2013-present
President/CEO/Founder of Versatech Consultants & Mngt.Corp., 1985-2015
President, Phil.Integrated Plumbing Engineers Society (PIPES), 2014-present
Founding President, Phil. Society of United Master Plumbers (PSUMP), 2013
National President, Pro-Change NAMPAP, 2012-2013
Former IIEE Natl Treasurer/ Natl Auditor/ Governor-at-Large
Former Chairman, IIEE Balik Liwanag Committee & Electrical Safety Committee
Was Electrical Consultant/ Designer for PICOP/ SMC/ Parsons Intl/ AEP Intl/
Caltex/ Petron/ Coca Cola/ Selecta/ Avida / DMCI-UPDI/ Motolite Projects
Former EE Professor @ National U, 1979-1991
PEE-Top 1 (Oct.1980)/ Asso.EE-Top 3 (Sept.1979) / Asst.EE-Top 8 (Aug.1976) /
RMP-Top 5 (Sept.1989) / Amateur Radio License DU1-ICH (94.5% rating)
BSEE 1976 NU / BSME 1987 NU
National President - Pugad Lawin Philippines, Inc., 2009,2010,2011
President Rotary Club of Pasig North, RID3800, 2005-2006
Table of Contents
* Introduction/ Background
* Why We Need to Adopt Rooftop Solar ASAP
* Latest Estimated Costs for Rooftop Solar/Payback
* Advantages/ Disadvantages of Solar System
* On Grid/ Off Grid Systems/ Hybrid Systems
* Schematic/ Connection Diagrams
* Power & Energy Calculations
* Installation
* Maintenance
Back of a Solar Panel
INSTALLED SOLAR PANELS
Earth Rotation Around the Sun
Philippines viz-a-viz the Sun Rays,

viz-a-viz the Equator..
Earth viz-a-viz
the Sun Rays
Philippines viz-aviz the World
Optimum
Orientation of PV
Panels
In the Philippines, the
optimum tilt of the panels

should be approximately equal
to the latitude x 0.87.
The Philippines is located
between the latitude 4deg.N
(Tawi-tawi) to 21deg.N
(Batanes) North of the Equator.
The NCR is approximately at
14 deg.N, so for Metro Manila,
the optimum tilt of panels is 12
deg., facing South.
GENERAL ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR

POWER
1. It Saves Money Spent on Electricity
2. It can Earn Additional Revenue or Income..
3. Its an Efficient System (from roof to inside house, no need for
the electricity produced to flow through the HV transmission lines)

4. Its Non-Polluting (no exhaust smoke, zero carbon foot print)
5. It Can Power Remote Locations (like remote islands, far flung
barrios, mountain side cell sites or relay stations)
6. Its Renewable or Limitless (the sun is believed to be the
infinite source of all energy in the universe)
7. Its Noiseless (no combustion, no rotating parts, etc.)
8. Theres Almost No Maintenance Cost (no ball bearings or
bushings to wear or oil or filter to change)
9. It Reduces Dependence on Fossil Fuels
RA 9513 Offers Fiscal & NonFiscal Incentives

(1) Income tax holiday;
(2) Duty-free importation of renewable machinery,
equipment, and materials;

(3) Special realty tax rates;
(4) Net operating loss carry-over;
(5) Corporate tax rate of 10%;
(6) Accelerated depreciation of plant, machinery, and
equipment;
(7) 0% value-added tax rate;
(8) Tax exemption on carbon credits; and
(9) Cash incentive for missionary electrification.
Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

APPARENT DISADVANTAGES OF
SOLAR ENERGY
1. High Initial Cost? although the trend is the cost is
rapidly going down
2. Reduced Reliability? it is useless during night time
and reduced output when cloudy
3. Large Area Needed? Large area needed for big
energy users such as manufacturing plants
1. PRICE? BUT WHATS THE

PRICE TREND?
We bought a 75-watt solar panel made by BP or British Petroleum in 2009, a
surplus from previous cellsite installations by a contractor, the cost was

PhP19,000.00 per the 75-watt panel (PhP76,000 for a 300watts equivalent).
In 2015, we purchased a 300-watt panel made by SKF of Germany with a

cost of PhP11,000 (Feb 2015) to PhP10,500 (Nov 2015) per the 300-watt
panel.
Recently, this May 2016, we again purchased 300-watt panels made in

Germany with a price of PhP9,900 per the 300-watt panel.
The reduction in cost of PV panels within the 6-year period from 2009 to
2015 is over seven-fold!
Year 2009
2011
Price P76,000/ -
2013
-
2014
P14,000/
Feb 2015
P11,000/
Nov 2015
P10,500/
May 2016
P9,900/
The increasing demand for PV panels will bring down the cost lower and
lower until each home has its own.
2. REDUCED RELIABILITY? HERE

ARE SOME WAYS TO INCREASE IT
1. On-Grid Use surplus energy from solar roof tops can
be used by others in the grid.

2. Use of Storage Batteries adequate storage capacity
ensures 24/7 supply.
3. Combination Use w/ Other RE Sources, i.e. Wind
Mills in windy farms and in tall buildings.
4. Combination Use of Pump-Storage Hydro System,
i.e. Kalayaan Pump Storage Hydro Power Plant
5. Encourage SMEs Powered by Solar- some samples
home based enterprises that can be run from solar rooftops:
ice making, ice-cream making, meat food processing (w/
freezer), electric trike transport service, etc.
Build Storage Battery Plants
Build More Pump-Storage Hydro

Power Plants
Excess solar energy in the grid during daytime from rooftops can be
used to pump water to the upper basin; Reverse process is done at
night time to supply energy to the grid. This facility can double up as
a flood control infrastructure and supports irrigation systems.
Top 16 Philippine Rivers Where to Build

Pump-Storage Hydro P/Ps...
1. Cagayan River, 505km,
2. Rio Grande River (Cotabato), 373km,

3. Agusan River, 350km,
4. Pulangi River (Bukidnon), 320km,
5. Pampanga River, 260km,
6. Agno River (Pangasinan), 206km,
7. Laoag River, 188km
8. Abra River, 178km
9. Abulog River(Kalinga),175km 10. Chico River(Kalinga),174km
11. Davao River, 160km
12. Magat River(Isabela),149km
13. Jalaur River (Panay), 122km 14. Matalag River (CAR), 114km
15. Tagoloan (Mis.Or.),105km 16. Bicol River (Camsur), 93km
Encourage Small/Medium Enterprises

(SMEs) Powered by Solar Energy
SOME SAMPLES HOME BASED
OR BACKYARD ENTERPRISES
THAT CAN BE RUN FROM SOLAR
ROOFTOPS:
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
ICE MAKING
ICE-CREAM MAKING
MEAT FOOD PROCESSING (W/ FREEZER)
LAUNDRY SERVICES
DC WELDING SHOP
ELECTRIC TRIKE TRANSPORT SERVICE
OTHERS

3. ON THE LARGE AREA REQUIRED
Every home roof is a large potential collective area to install

solar panels. If the 100 million population have 21 million
homes in year 2015 (Source: National Statistics Office) and say
10 million homes have at least 1KW solar capacity, this would
be equivalent to 10,000MW capacity. Or if each roof has 2KW
solar capacity, this would be 20,000MW capacity, if each roof
has 3KW, this would be 30,000MW capacity, and so on, at least
during day time.
Also, every warehouse roof, every public market roof,

every parking area roof, every school roof, every church roof,
every covered sports or public assembly building is a large
potential area to expand this system.
EVENTUAL EFFECT OF HOME ROOF

SOLAR ENERGY TO THE ECONOMY
1. FREE SUN ENERGYTO
EVERY HOME/ROOF.
2. ANY EXCESS
ENERGY FROM SOLAR
EXPORTED TO THE
GRID.
3. DUE TO THE FREE
ENERGY TO THE GRID,
POWER PLANTS (IPPs)
WILL BE FORCED TO
LOWER THEIR PRICES.
4. DISTRIBUTION
UTILITIES/ TOLLWAYS TO
LOWER THEIR CHARGES,
TOO.
5. THE COST PER KWHR
OF ELECTRICITY WILL
GO DOWN GRADUALLY.
6. MORE INVESTORS
WILL COME TO PUT

UP FACTORIES IN
OUR COUNTRY!
ESTIMATED COSTS OF HOME

ROOFTOP SOLAR (Off Grid)
SOLAR POWER GENERATOR PRICE MATRIX - Jan 2016
Mo.Billing
Ave,PhP
Min.Kw Qtty of Panel Total PV Cost of PV Inv. Cost of Inv No.of

Capacity Panels KW
Watts
Panels
KW Cost of Inv SCC
Cost of
SCCs
Batt No.of
AH Batt
Cost of
Batt
Direct Cost
Eqpt
Install'n
Cost
Total
Cost
1,000.00
0.331
250
500 18,000.00
3,000.00
2,400.00
200
8,000.00
31,400.00
10,990.00
42,390.00
1,500.00
0.496
250
500 18,000.00
3,000.00
2,400.00
200
8,000.00
31,400.00
10,990.00
42,390.00
2,000.00
0.661
250
750 27,000.00
3,000.00
3,600.00
200
8,000.00
41,600.00
14,560.00
56,160.00
2,500.00
0.827
250
1000 36,000.00
3,000.00
4,800.00
200
8,000.00
51,800.00
15,540.00
67,340.00
3,000.00
0.992
250
1000 36,000.00
3,000.00
4,800.00
200
8,000.00
51,800.00
15,540.00
67,340.00
3,500.00
1.157
250
1250 45,000.00
1.5 3,800.00
6,000.00
200
8,000.00
62,800.00
18,840.00
81,640.00
4,000.00
1.323
250
1500 54,000.00
1.5 3,800.00
7,200.00
200
8,000.00
73,000.00
21,900.00
94,900.00
4,500.00
1.488
250
1500 54,000.00
1.5 3,800.00
7,200.00
200
8,000.00
73,000.00
21,900.00
94,900.00
5,000.00
1.653
250
1750 63,000.00
4,500.00
8,400.00
400
16,000.00
91,900.00
27,570.00
119,470.00
10
5,500.00
1.819
250
2000 72,000.00
4,500.00
9,600.00
400
16,000.00
102,100.00 30,630.00
132,730.00
11
6,000.00
1.984
250
2000 72,000.00
4,500.00
9,600.00
400
16,000.00
102,100.00 30,630.00
132,730.00
12
6,500.00
2.149
250
2250 81,000.00
7,000.00
10,800.00
600
24,000.00
122,800.00 36,840.00
159,640.00
13
7,000.00
2.315
10
250
2500 90,000.00
7,000.00
10
12,000.00
600
24,000.00
133,000.00 39,900.00
172,900.00
14
7,500.00
2.480
10
250
2500 90,000.00
7,000.00
10
12,000.00
600
24,000.00
133,000.00 39,900.00
172,900.00
15
8,000.00
2.646
11
250
2750 99,000.00
7,000.00
11
13,200.00
600
24,000.00
143,200.00 42,960.00
186,160.00
16
8,500.00
2.811
12
250
3000 108,000.00
7,000.00
12
14,400.00
600
24,000.00
153,400.00 46,020.00
199,420.00
17
9,000.00
2.976
12
250
3000 108,000.00
7,000.00
12
14,400.00
600
24,000.00
153,400.00 46,020.00
199,420.00
18
9,500.00
3.142
13
250
3250 117,000.00
9,000.00
13
15,600.00
800
32,000.00
173,600.00 52,080.00
225,680.00
19
10,000.00
3.307
14
250
3500 126,000.00
9,000.00
14
16,800.00
800
32,000.00
183,800.00 55,140.00
238,940.00
20
11,000.00
3.638
15
250
3750 135,000.00
9,000.00
15
18,000.00
800
32,000.00
194,000.00 58,200.00
252,200.00
21
12,000.00
3.968
16
250
4000 144,000.00
9,000.00
16
19,200.00
800
32,000.00
204,200.00 61,260.00
265,460.00
ESTIMATED PAYBACK OF
ROOFTOP SOLAR
Example: 6 x 250wp, 1.5kw Inverter,
SCCs, 200AH battery (Item 8)
Estimated Total Cost: PhP 94,900.00
Ave.Monthly Billing = PhP 4,500.00
Payback Period = _PhP 94,900.00___________
PhP4,500.00 per month x 60%

= 35 months, or
= 2 years & 11 months
ON GRID
& OFF GRID
SOLAR SYSTEMS
Paralleling of Power Systems

The requirements of paralleling or synchronizing power supply sources are:
1. The incoming line must have SIMILAR VOLTAGE, i.e. 220 volts, as the normal
power supply.
2. The incoming line must have SIMILAR FREQUENCY, i.e. 60 Hertz, as the
normal power supply.
3. The incoming line must have the SIMILAR PHASE SEQUENCE (or rotation)
i.e, (Phase A-B-C or C-B-A), as the normal power supply.
4. The incoming line must have SIMILAR PHASE ANGLE, i.e. zero phase, as the
normal power supply.
Note that requirement No.3 is only required for 3 phase power systems and not
applicable to single phase systems. For single phase Grid-Tie inverters, they have a
built in intelligence to parallel itself to the grid. Off Grid inverters have no capability
of automatic paralleling.
When 2 sources are in parallel, the source that has a slightly higher frequency
setting will deliver its power to the grid. Therefore, Grid Tie inverters are designed
as priority power sources. They have slightly higher frequency settings, i.e. 60.05 to
60.1Hertz or slightly higher.
Paralleling of Off Grid Solar

Inverters -2
This sketch shows
a full line diagram
of a possible way
to parallel two
single phase pure
sine wave off-grid
micro inverters of
the same ratings:
same voltage,
same frequency,
same KW, same
brand or make.

On Grid or
Grid Tied
Solar System
Any extra energy
produced by this
solar system may
be exported to the
grid or to the
distribution
utility (DU).
www.cabrelli-electrical.co.uk

Grid Tied Solar System
w/ Back-up.
The system has 2 inverters,
one is Grid Inverter (2) which
can export to the grid. The 2nd
Inverter (6) regularly supplies
the Secured or Essential
Loads (4) from the Batteries
(5). The Transfer Switch (3)
automatically feeds the
Essential Loads to
complement the power from
the battery in case of a
brown-out during sunny days.
www.mysolarshop.co.uk

OFF GRID SOLAR SYSTEMS
From www.alibaba.com

HYBRID SYSTEM W/ GENERATOR SET
UTILITY
From www.peakprosperity.com

COMPONENTS OF THE SOLAR
SYSTEM:
1. SOLAR PV PANELS
2. SOLAR CHARGE CONTROLLER (90VR)
3. INVERTER
4. BATTERIES
5. BATTERY CHARGER
6. GENERATOR SET (OPTIONAL)
7. WIRINGS & CIRCUIT PROTECTIONS
8. TRANSFER SWITCH FOR OFF GRID TYPE/
9. TIE-IN BREAKER FOR ON GRID TYPE
SOLAR POWER
MEASUREMENTS
SOLAR POWER MEASUREMENTS

Ampere is a measure of current flow
Volt is a measure of the potential difference between 2 lines or
points
Watt (W) is a measure of Power
Unit rate of electrical energy
Ampere x Volt = Watt
1 Kilowatt (kW) = 1000 watts
Watt-hour (Wh) is a measure of electric energy or consumption
and production
Watts x hours = Watt-hours
1 Kilowatt-hour (kWh) = 1000 Wh

DC = Direct Current
PV panels produce
DC voltage,
Batteries store DC
power
AC = Alternating
Current
Utility power,
Most consumer
appliances use AC
MEASURING
INSTRUMENTS..
Clamp-on meter
Digital multi-meter
Never test battery current using a multi-meter!
SOLAR ENERGY
CALCULATIONS
& DESIGN

BASIC FORMULAS/ DESIGN GUIDE
I=V/R
or
Amperes = Volts / Ohms
I = P / V or
Amperes = Watts / Volts
I = KVA * 1000 / V
I = KW * 1000 / V / PF
I = HP * 746 / V / PF / Effy
Where:
PF, power factor = 0.80 for motors;
= 1.0 for heater and resistive loads
Effy, efficiency of motors = 0.90
Max.Loading per Circuit Wire: 80% of Ampacity

PEC-1
ALLOWABLE
AMPACITIES
OF 600 VOLTS
INSULATED
WIRES,
60 C TO 90C,
NOT MORE
THAN 3
WIRES IN
CONDUIT,
AMBIENT
TEMP. OF 30C
VOLTAGE DROP CALCS

SHORT CUT FORMULA:
VD = 2 * K * L * I / Sq.Circular Mils
Note: This is only for a 2 wire circuit.
K = a constant, 12 for copper, 18 for Aluminum
L = Length of circuit in feet
I = Load in amperes
Cir.Mils = square of the dia. of wire in mils (1000mils
per inch or 40mils per mm.)
Sample Voltage Drop Calcs..

Example: The distance of a 300 watts 24 volts PV panel to the
SCC/ Battery/ Inverter is 8 meters. Using 5.5mm2 wires

(Ampacity = 40 amperes), what is the voltage drop?
I = 300 watts/ 24 volts = 12.5 amps
Cross-sectional area of wire: 3.5sq.mm
D * D = 5.5 * 4 / 3.1416 = 7.0mm
D = 2.6mm = 2.6 * 40mils / mm = 104mils
CM = 104 * 104 = 10,854 circular mils
VD = 2K*L*I / CM
VD = 2 * 12 * 8 * 3.28 * 12.5 / 10,854 = 0.725 volts
% VD = 1.81 * 100 / 24 = 3.02
It barely exceeds the allowable which is 3 percent!
Calculating the Max.Capacity That
Can Be Installed in a Given Roof

using 250watts PV panels & providing for enough space for
maintenance access (Size: 1640mm long x 1000mm wide):

Given: 8 meters wide x 15 meters long roofing
2 slopes, ridge along length

Maximum solar capacity:
Width: 8 (2 x .9) / 1M = 6.2, say 6 panels
Length: 15 - (2 x .9) (5 x .6) / 1.640 = 6.2, say 6 panels
Total no. of panels = 6 x 6 = 36
Capacity : 36 x 250w = 9,000watts or 9KW
Layout
of a 36250
Watts
Panel
9KW
Solar
Rooftop
Layout Plan of a 99 - 250 Watts

Panel 24.75KW Solar Rooftop
NORTH
Elevation Plan of a 99 - 250 Watts

Panel 24.75KW Solar Rooftop
NORTH
SOLAR PV PANEL
CONNECTIONS
DIRECT CURRENT SIDE

The PEC Allows Up to 50 Volts
Only on Roof Tops!
PV Panel Series Connections
PV panel sources wired in

series
VOLTAGES ARE ADDITIVE

CURRENT IS EQUAL
One interconnection wire is used
between two components
(negative connects with positive)
Combined modules make series
string
Leave the series string from a
terminal not used in the series
connection
Three 200Watt 12-Volts Panels

in Series
Another Three 200Watt but 32Volt Panels in Series
Three Panels in Series, Different

Voltage Ratings
PV Panel Parallel Connection
PV panel sources wired in parallel:

VOLTAGE REMAINS CONSTANT
CURRENTS ARE ADDITIVE
Two interconnection wires are used between two
components (positive to positive and negative to negative)
Leave off of either terminal
Modules exiting to next
component can happen
at any parallel terminal
Three Panels in Parallel
Two Panels in Parallelactual

connection
Four Panels, Series-Parallel

Connection
Six Panels, Series-Parallel

Connection
12Volts DC Panel Connection

Supply 220V AC Lighting, etc.

Supply 220V AC Computer
SOLAR CHARGE
CONTROLLERS
12/24 VOLTS DC
CONTROLLER
48 VOLTS DC
CONTROLLER
INVERTERS &
CONNECTIONS
ALTERNATING CURRENT
SIDE
On-Grid or Grid Tie Inverters

A 500-Watt 220V 60Hz
Grid Tie Inverter
Connecting an On-Grid or
Grid Tie Inverter
Grid Tie Inverters
Automatically Synchronize
Itself to the Utility Power
TIE IN POINT
A 4KW 12VDC - 220V 1-Phase 60Hz

Pure Sine Wave Off-Grid Inverter
A 4KW 24VDC - 220V 1-Phase 60Hz

Pure Sine Wave Off-Grid Inverter
Two x 4KW 24VDC - 220V 1-Ph 60Hz

Pure Sine Wave Off-Grid Inverters
A 3KW 220V 1-Ph 60Hz Pure Sine Wave

Transformer Type Off-Grid Inverter
Connecting an Off-Grid
Inverter with a Relay Switch
BATTERY
CHARGER &
CONNECTION
Connecting an AC Battery
Charger to an Off-Grid System
Small DC
Loads
Off Grid
Inverter
220V
AC
60Hz
220V
AC
Loads
Power From Utility
POWER &
ENERGY
CALCULATIONS
POWER & ENERGY CALCULATIONS-1

Ex.1. Provide small solar capacity for a home with the following loads:
One (1) Small Ref, 226 watts; One (1) Elec. Fan, 50watts; One (1) LED TV,
36watts; One (1) celfone charging outlet, 2 x 10 watts, Six (6) LED lamps,
5watts each. What min.size of ON GRID solar system in watts is needed?
Design the wiring system.
1.1 Pref = 226/ 0.80pf = 282.5 watts
1.2 Pfan = 50 / 0.80pf = 62.5 watts
1.3 PTV = 36 watts
1.4 Pcc = 2 x 10 = 20 watts
1.5 PLED = 6 x 5 = 30 watts
1.6 Ptotal=282.5(1.25)+62.5+36+20+30= 501.625watts
1.7 Pdemand = 501.625 x 80% = 401.3 watts
1.8 Use: 2 x 250watts panels, or a total of 500 watts
1.9 Use: 1000watts inverter with 220volts, 1-ph, 60 Hz
output, 12vDC input

Ex.1. A home has the following loads:
One (1) Ref, 1/2HP; Two (2) Elec. Fan, 50watts each; One (1) TV, 80watts; Ten
(10) LED lamps, 5watts each

What min.size of ON GRID solar system in watts is needed? Design the wiring
system.
1.1 Pref = 746 (0.5) / 0.80pf / 0.9 effy = 518 watts
1.2 Pfan = 2 x 50 / 0.80pf = 125 watts
1.3 PTV = 80 watts
1.4 PLED = 10 x 5 = 50 watts
1.5 Ptotal = 518(1.25) +125 + 80 + 50 = 902.5 watts
1.6 Pdemand = 902.5 x 80% = 722 watts
1.7 Use: 3 x 250watts panels, or a total of 750 watts
1.8 Use: 1000watts inverter with 220volts, 1-ph, 60
Hz output, 12vDC input
POWER & ENERGY CALCULATIONS-2a

Contn..
1.7 For the Solar Controller:
I = 250watts /12voltsDC = 20.83 amps

Use: One 60Amps Controller for the 2 panels & One 40Amps Controller
for the 3rd panel
1.8 Wiring Connections:
From PV panels to Solar Controllers, I = 20.83Amps
Use: Two 3.5sq.mm THWN (30A) Red-Black, each PV panel
From Solar Controllers to Inverter, Use: 3 sets of 2-3.5sq.mm THWN (90A)
From Inverter to Tie-breaker: I = 1000watts / 220 volts = 4.54 amps
Use: 2-2.0sq.mm THWN + 2.0 Ground Wire; Ckt. Protn: 15AT/2P CB

Ex.2. A PV array is composed of
eight 250-watt 31.6VDC solar

modules with a 3KW inverter with
220volts, 1-phase, 60Hz output and
48VDC input.
What size is the solar system in
watts? Capacity in Amps? Design
the wiring system.
2.1 P = 8 x 250 = 2000watts
2.2 I = 2000watts /220volts =
= 9.09 amps capacity

2.3 Size of wires from the PV panels to the Solar Controllers:
Since the input voltage of the inverter is 48VDC, then the number of
panels in group is: 2 x 31.6V per panel = 63.2VDC

Ic = 2 x 250W / 48V = 10.41amps
Use: Two 3.5sq.mm THWN (30A) Red-Black, for every 2 PV panels
2.4 Size of wires from the Solar Controllers to Inverter:
The total charging current is = 4 x 10.41 = 41.67amps
Ic = 41.67 x 125% = 52.08 amps; Use: 60amps Solar Controller
Use: Two sets of 2 3.5sq.mm THWN (2 x 30A = 60A)
2.5 Size of wires from Inverter to Tie-breaker; Ic = 9.09 amps;
Use: 2 2.0sq.mm THWN + 2.0 Ground Wire
Ckt. Protn: 15AT/ 2P CB

Ex.3. Install a PV array for a 4000-watt inverter with 220-volt 1-ph
60Hz output. Input rating is 48 volts DC.

3.1 Calculate the number of panels, say assuming 300w SKF panels w/
20.8VDC voltage rating,
# of panels = 4000w / 300w per panel = 13.33
say use 15panels (divisible by 3s)
3.2 Since the rating of the inverter is 48VDC, we need at least 3 panels
in series to produce over 48VDC.
Max.voltage of 3 panels in series is = 2 x 20.8 = 62.4VDC
Charge controller: to be set at 55.2VDC floating

3.3 For the size of wires from 3 panels in series to charge controller =
= 3 x 300W /48VDC = 18.75amps
Iw = 18.75 x 1.25 = 23.43amps
Use : 2 3.5 sq.mm THHN (Red Black); Circuit Protection:
30AT/2P CB
3.4 Number and Capacity of Charge Controller: 3 x 18.75amps =
56.25amps
Icc = 56.25 x 1.25 = 70.31amps
Use: 2 each 40amps controllers each for 3panels, for a total of 10
40amps controllers

POWER & ENERGY CALCULATIONS-4b
3.5 For the size of wires from controllers to batteries, and from
batteries to inverter:
Use: 5 sets 2 3.5 sq.mm THHN; Over-all protection: 100AT/2P CB
3.6 For the size of wires to tie inverter to house main panel:
Iinv = 4000w / 220v = 18.18amps;
Iw = 18.18 x 1.25 = 22.72amps
Use: 2 3.5sq.mm THHN
Protection: 30AT/2P CB

TYP.RISER DIAGRAM-OFF GRID
STORAGE BATTERIES
STORAGE BATTERY CAPACITY
Ampere-hour (Ah) the stored energy capacity of a battery
indicated by the amount of combined load in amperes and
the length of time until it is fully discharged.
Quantity of electron flow
Used for battery sizing
Amps x hours = Amp-hours (Ah)
Amp-hours x Volts = Watt-hours (Wh)
A 200 Ah Battery delivering 1A will last 200 hours
200 Ah Battery delivering 10A will last 20 hours
200 Ah Battery delivering 100A will last 2 hours
100 Ah Battery x 12 V = 1200 Wh
USE OF BATTERIES
BATTERY BASICS
State of Charge (SOC)
Available battery
capacity
Depth of Discharge
(DOD)
Energy taken out of
the battery
Efficiency
Energy out/ Energy in
(typically 80-85%)
Storage for the

night
Storage during
cloudy weather
Portable power
supply
Surge Power for
starting motors
Calculating the Required Battery AH..

1. Solar operation: 8AM to 5PM for 9 hours
2. Battery operation: 5PM to 8AM for 15 hours
3. For a 900 watts load, the load in amperes is
I = 900watts/ 12volts = 75amps

4. AH = 75amps x 15hours = 1125AH
5. No. of 200AH batteries = 1125AH / 200AH = 5.625
Provide allowance for cloudy periods, add 30% capacity
= 5.625 x 130% = 7.31 units
Use: Eight (8) units of 200AH batteries
Calculating the Required No. of Panels..

1. Charging amps = 1125AH/ 9hours charging = 125amps
2. Total watts, 9-hour charging = 125amps x 12volts
= 1500watts
3. No. of 250watts solar panels for day charging =
1500 / 250watts = 6 panels required for charging
4. No. of 250watts panel for 9-hour day operation =
900watts / 250watts = 3.6, say 4 panels
5. Overall total number of 250watts panels required =
6 + 4 = 10 panels minimum
WHAT TYPE OF BATTERIES IS THE
BEST?
At present, the deep-cycle type, lead-acid batteries are the
most widely used as storage in solar or renewable energy

systems. They are ideally suited for the applications due to
their long, reliable life and low cost. There are many
suppliers/ manufacturers of deep-cycle lead-acid batteries,
it is therefore important to know the technologies, the
performance factors that affect its operation and the life of
the battery.
Types of Deep-Cycle Batteries:

Deep-Cycle Valve-Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) Batteries
(Maintenance-Free)
Deep-cycle VRLA batteries, which include AGM and gel
technologies, are designed to eliminate the need for water
addition and can be used and installed in any position.
They are engineered so that oxygen created by the positive
plates during charging can migrate to the negatives plate
where it is reduced to water, significantly reducing water
loss.
Factors Affecting Cost of Batteries:

Price: A cheap battery is always attractive, but if this is
obtained at the expense of quality and battery life, the cost
over time will be high
Capacity: This is important since its AH is the amount of
energy that can be stored.
Voltage: The voltage rating should match the input rating
of the inverter to be used in an AC system or the voltage of
the loads in a DC system.
Brand: Choosing a company that focuses on deep-cycle
technology with a proven track record of manufacturing
deep-cycle batteries is always a good option.
Cycle Life - The Most Important
Consideration
The earlier factors are important but the most important
consideration is the cycle life of the battery. It is the
number of times of discharge/charge cycles the battery can
provide before its capacity drops to a specified percentage
of its rated capacity. Various makers may make batteries
with the same capacity, energy content and maybe similar
in weight, but the design, the materials, the process, and
quality influence how long the battery will cycle.
Battery Ratings Longer Warm Ups

The battery nameplate rating in AMPERE-HOURS is the
fully developed battery capacity. It may take up to 100+
cycles of charging-supplying-charging for a battery to
reach its full capacity. Measuring or testing the battery
capacity at the start after purchase could be misleading. A
battery that is touted to have full capacity at the time of
purchase or one that has reached full capacity after only a
few cycles should not be believed. Batteries with a 100+
cycle or longer warm-up would last longer.
Expected Life of Solar Batteries
Starting: 3-12 months

Marine: 1-6 years
Golf cart: 2-7 years
AGM (absorbent glass mat) deep cycle: 4-8 years
Gelled deep cycle: 2-5 years
Deep cycle (L-16 type): 4-8 years
Rolls-Surrette premium deep cycle: 7-15 years
Industrial deep cycle (Crown & Rolls 4KS): 10-20+ years
Telephone (float): 2-20 years
NiFe (alkaline): 5-35 years
NiCad: 1-20 years
http://www.solar-electric.com/deep-cycle-battery-faq.html
SOLAR BATTERY BANKS
SOLAR
INSTALLATIONS

INSTALLING THE SOLAR POWER SYSTEM
It's best to have a solar contractor which employs a licensed electrical
engineer or a licensed master electrician to install the solar system. When
choosing a contractor, ask yourself the following questions:
Has the company installed grid-connected PV systems? If not, has it installed
off-grid (or stand-alone) PV systems?
Experience in installing grid-connected systems is valuable because some

elements of the installation -- particularly interconnection with the local utility
are unique to these systems. However, a competent company with off-grid PV
experience should not be eliminated just because it has not yet installed gridconnected PV systems. Experience with off-grid systems is valuable too, because
grid-independent systems are more technically complex than grid-tied systems.
(http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/)

INSTALLING THE SOLAR
How many years of experience does the company have
installing PV systems?
A contractor who has been in business a long time probably

understands how to work with customers and to compete effectively
with other firms. Additionally, this contractor/ installer will probably
be aware of the latest provision of the Philippine Electrical Code
(PEC) and the permitting requirements of the National Building Code
(NBC) regarding the installation of electrical systems including that for
a solar or other renewable energy supply system. All electrical works
including electrical additions, modifications or renovations require the
filing of Electrical Permit with the Office of the Building Official.

Is the company properly licensed or certified?

PV systems should be installed by an appropriately licensed
contractor. This usually means that either the installer or a
subcontractor has a PRC electrical professional license or a PCAB
license. You can check with the website of the PRC if whether a
person has a valid electrical engineers or master electrician's
license, or check with PCAB if a contractor is licensed or not.
In addition to being properly licensed, installers must
demonstrate that they have special knowledge about installing PV
systems. (http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/)
Special knowledge can be demonstrated through certification by the
solar industry and/or trade associations, eg. SOLARSAFE
PHILIPPINES, MEPF ENGINEERS, etc.

It is always a good idea to get more than one bid for the
installation of your PV system. Make sure that all bids are made on the
same basis. For example, a bid for a system mounted on the ground is
usually very different from another bid for a rooftop system.
Similarly, some PV modules generate more electricity per square

meter than others. Bids should clearly state the maximum generating
capacity of the system -- measured in Watts (W) or kilowatts (kW). If
possible, have the bids specify the system capacity in "AC Watts"
(alternating current) under a standard set of test conditions, or specify
the output of the system at the inverter. Also request an estimate of the
amount of energy that the system will produce on an annual basis
(measured in kilowatt-hours).

Because the amount of energy depends on the amount

of sunlight -- which varies by location, season, and year to
year it is unlikely that the contractor will quote a specific
figure, but a range of within plus or minus 20% is realistic.
Bids also should include the total cost of getting the PV
system up and running, including hardware, installation,
connection to the grid, permitting, taxes, and warranty.

The warranty is also a very important factor for

evaluating bids. You may require that system be covered
by a one-year or two-year or three-year parts-and-labor
written installation warranty, for example, in addition to
any manufacturers' warranties on specific components
(including inverter and module warranties). The installer
may offer longer warranties. Also ask yourself, "Will this
company stand behind the full-system warranty for the
next two or three years?"
TYPICAL MOUNTING

ADEQUATELY SECURE MOUNTING
It should be emphasized here that when solar systems are to be

installed in areas where the typhoon is usually within the initial path of
super typhoons, eg. along the eastern seaboard of the country, including
the provinces of Samar, Leyte, Biliran, Batanes, Cagayan, Isabela,
Quirino, Aurora, Quezon, Catanduanes, Camarines Norte, Camarines Sur,
Albay, Sorsogon, Surigao Del Sur, Surigao Del Norte, Davao Oriental,
among others, structural support and mountings must be certified to be
adequate for 350 KPH winds (as in Super Typhoon Yolanda in November
2013).
Wind load calculations must be made to determine the size of

concrete foundations for PV arrays, as well as the minimum size of
mounting bolts/nuts. A certification of civil/structural engineer maybe
required here.
Optimum
Orientation of PV
Panels
In the Philippines, the
optimum tilt of the panels

should be approximately equal
to the latitude x 0.87.
The Philippines is located
between the latitude 4deg.N
(Tawi-tawi) to 21deg.N
(Batanes) North of the Equator.
The NCR is approximately at
14 deg.N, so for Metro Manila,
the optimum tilt of panels is 12
deg., facing South.
TYPICAL
MOUNTING
HARDWARES
TYPICAL MOUNTING
TYPICAL
MOUNTING
HARDWARES
- Using EMT Pipes
WIRINGS FROM PV PANELS TO CHARGE

CONTROLLER TO BATTERIES/ INVERTER
CIRCUIT
BREAKERS
MUST
BE
PROVIDED
IN BETWEEN
DEVICES!
BATTERIES, INVERTER & CHARGER
MANUAL TRANSFER SWITCHES,

FOR THE OFF GRID, TO SELECT CONNECTION
FROM SOLAR OR FROM UTILITY SUPPLY
Automatic Transfer Switches (ATS)
SOCOMEC
ADDL SAFETY REMINDERS ON

ROOFTOP SOLAR ENERGY
SYSTEM
1. MAX. DC VOLTAGE
FOR DWELLINGS
SHOULD NOT
EXCEED 50 VOLTS!
2. ALL DC WIRINGS
BETWEEN SOLAR
PANELS AND
CHARGE
CONTROLLERS OR
BATTERIES OR
INVERTERS SHOULD
BE PROVIDED WITH
CIRCUIT BREAKERS
OR FUSES.
3. A SIMILAR PLAQUE
OR DIRECTORY BELOW
MUST BE PROVIDED!
THIS HOUSE IS
ALTERNATIVELY
SUPPLIED WITH
RENEWABLE/SOL
AR POWER. THE
MAIN
DISCONNECT IS
LOCATED AT THE
ROOFDECK.
MAINTENANCE

MAINTAINING THE SOLAR SYSTEM
As with any mechanical or electrical appliance, PV systems require
routine, periodic maintenance. System components may also need
repair or replacement from time to time.
An efficient and long-lasting system will depend on a periodic
check of system components and completion of any preventive
maintenance as necessary. Talk with your system installer about
routine and periodic maintenance. In the event of a system
malfunction, effective troubleshooting and repair is necessary.
Maintenance of Solar Panels

1.Thoroughly clean the top surfaces of solar PV panels of
dust and/or dirt accumulations. This should be done weekly
in a dusty environment especially during the summer
months, and maybe done monthly or as necessary during
the rainy season. A soft cotton cloth should be used to do
this.
2.Regularly check/ monitor the output voltage of the solar
panels.
3.Check all DC wirings from the panels to the solar
controllers and the respective circuit breakers.

Maintenance of Solar Controllers/Chargers
1.Clean all dust and/or dirt accumulations from controller.
2.Clean all vent openings and ensure that they are free from
obstructions.
3. Check terminals and connections for tightness. Check all
relays, lights, and other indicating devices for proper
operation.
4. If all battery cells consistently read low, check
controller/charger for proper operation. If electrolyte levels
are low, check charger rate settings against the
manufacturers specifications. Consistently low levels may
indicate the charge rate is too fast.
Maintenance of Batteries
1. Thoroughly clean all battery surfaces of dust and/or dirt
accumulations.
2. Clean and tighten all terminal connections. Remove any
corrosion on battery terminals with bicarbonate of soda.
3. Clean battery studs and cable ends.
4. On stranded cable, if ends are corroded, cut off ends or
separate strands and clean internally.
5. Check electrolyte levels and specific gravity. Variations
of more than fifty (50) points between cells may indicate a
bad cell.
Maintenance of Inverters
1.Thoroughly clean the top and side surfaces of solar
controllers and inverters of dust and/or dirt accumulations,
using vacuum cleaners.
2.Regularly check/monitor the DC input voltage reading and
the AC voltage output of the inverters.
3.Regularly check/ monitor the temperature of the inverters
by touching their heat sink and/or enclosure.
4.Check all DC and AC wirings and all circuit breaker
protections.
Outsource Maintenance Service

You may be able to carry out many routine inspections
and maintenance tasks yourself. If, however, you are not
the do-it-yourself type, or if there is a major problem
with your system, you will need to locate a professional
to do the work.
The following pages is a partial list of SOLARSAFE
group installers/ maintainers of home solar systems. You
may contact the one near your locality.
PARTIAL LIST OF SOLARSAFE

INSTALLERS/ MAINTAINERS-1
SOLARSAFE DIRECTORY, as of January 2016
NCR & Rizal
Asuncion, Victor,
09175003576, Antipolo, hunterasuncion@gmail.com
Banayad, Chito
chilab2005@yahoo.com
Barrameda, Joel
RME/REE; jbbarrameda@yahoo.com, Land Bank of the Phils.
Cabreza, Lito
tolitscc@yahoo.com
Calpotura, Karlo
REE 0023452/ RME 0019171, karlocalpotura@yahoo.com
Carias, Leo S.,
09178691126, Anonas St., Sta. Mesa, Manila, leoscarias@gmail.com
Cericos, Reydemto P
Imelda ave cor Vista
RPCericos Inc., REE 12893, 09989988195, rpce_electrik@yahoo.com, GVR

Verde Cainta Rizal
Chua, Gerry
Solar Pinoy, Boni Serrano Ave, Crame, QC, 09228943779
Cruz, Ricardo
REE; 09284355594; ricardocruz2006@yahoo.com

SOLARSAFE DIRECTORY, as of January 2016, continuation..
NCR & Rizal
Cruz,Timothy Joseph C.
REE 49450, Sangandaan,Caloocan, 09214738428, imothyjoseph.cruz@yahoo.com.ph
Cuasay, Elmer C.
RME 12320, elmerccuasay2gmail.com.+16919205459
De Guzman, Mike
Solaric Phils, 09178613173
De Manuel, Leoncio,Jr;
REE-43285, 2198 Fidel Reyes St, Malate,Manila,09232850290/jr_hlander@yahoo.com
Elecol Engineering
Marikina City, 09175803348; 09255111144; 09088200582
Estardo, Leonel Calinawan
Antipolo city, 09055962592, estardo_leonel11@yahoo.com
Evangelista, Jun M
ame_architects27@yahoo.com
Fajardo, Leo
REE, Elecol Engineering, Marikina City, 09175803348; 09255111144; 09088200582
Factor, Roselyn S.
46703 unit 5c lot 6 Teodora Cmpd Bambang Pasig 09182028827 rfactor@rocketmail.com
Feliciano, Mick,
kuyogbubuyog@ymail.com solar enthusiast
Ferrer, Jun
REE, dzune_1129@yahoo.com

NCR & Rizal
FEMP Safety Engineering
0943 0616 215/ 0929 555 2508, Tel (02) 646 95 16, pldt mobile (02) 73 69 159
Guevarra, Elmer
ECE 019003, 470 Talipapa St. Caybiga Cal, 09499368567; (02) 7347345, guevarra.electronics@gmail.com
Ilustre, Wilchor,
RME, Novaliches QC / whil_006@ymail.com
Javier, Rollie
RME, 09257111691; j.rollie@yahoo.com
Lopez, Rick Jorge
rjorgelopez43295@gmail.com
Malpaya, Junji,
Quezon City, 09174493175, jiemalpaya@gmail.com
Mirando, Efren, caser,
09179783455, efrenmcaser@yahoo.com
Moctar, Cosarie M.
REE49060/ RME39369, Pasig City, cosariem@yahoo.com, 09265644479
Nimis, Nestor,
nestor@presguam.com
Ole, Frederick
REE; 09213701962; frederick_ole@yahoo.com
Pangilinan, Jerry
09177975357, jrpangilinan@globe.com.ph
Rosal, Pepito Jr.REE, pepitorosaljr@gmail.com, Caloocan City

NCR & Rizal
Pangilinan, Phil
REE, 09327188778
Peralta, Cornelio
peralta_cornelio@yahoo.com
Peralta, ruel,
Calbayog st. Mandaluyong city, 09223925775, ruelperalta_80@yahoo.com
Prilles, Nelson
nbprilles@yahoo.com
Roldan, Neil
supplier of deep-cycle batteries, 09174475988
Romano, MelvinREE, 09157938239, Marikina City SOLARSHARING

Salacup, Julius
REE 47599, julius_salacup@yahoo.com, Talon 3, Las Pinas City, 09271508577

NCR & Rizal
Sanchez, Claro
PEE003325, claroboys@gmail.com 626-A Sancho Panza St. Sampaloc Manila
San Jose, Jerry,
Solar Risk Management & Insurance, gerry_sanjose2000@yahoo.com
Santiago, Laila
09473141403, Eastwood Greenview, Montalban,,gilbertlailasantiago.commercial@gmail.com
Sayson, Elmer
Architect 23504, sayson.architects@gmail.com
Sorita, Manuel Jr.
Sta Barbara Villas1 Silangan San Mateo Riz 09223400679/09206787869, mdsoritajr2000@yahoo.com
Sumayang, Joel M
joelsumayang@yahoo.com.ph QC
Vargas, Ariel M
arielmvargas@gmail.com
Villacorta, Benjie N
REE 794/ benjienv@yahoo.com, Malabon City

Northern Luzon
Abad, Jaime R
REE; 09062512573, Baguio City, j_r_abad@yahoo.com
Binay-an, Julius
REE/RME, 36738 / 30935; Loakan, Baguio City; 09485377879; jholz1248@outlook.com
Manipon, Melanie,
Santa Fe, Nueva Vizcaya; REE-42610, mhelmanipon@yahoo.com
Palmares, Jose, Jr,
09177338282, 25 pine st. Rosales Pang., Josepalmaresjr@yahoo.com
Central Luzon
De Leon, Crisanto DA,
187 Brgy Dampol, Plaridel, Bulacan, 3004, email add: chris_ngcindustrial@yahoo.com
Laquindanum, Arnel P
PEE/ RMP, 09329850810 / arnhelle@yahoo.com.ph, Malolos, Bulacan
Remegio, Joel E
RME, jremegio@yahoo.com Meycauayan, Bulacan; 0939 606 4467
Salamanca, Chrysler A,
REE 0028520/ RME 0023955, Poblacion Sur, Mayantoc, Tarlac, +63 919 570 7425

Southern Luzon
Agellon, Irome Harize O.
RME, iromeharize@gmail.com, 09464019548, Mabitac, Laguna
Ansay, Jaime U,
B2 L12 ceris 3, canlubang, calamba, laguna, 09294344468, jaimeansay @ yahoo.com
Balatucan, Abner B. Jr.
RME 0025898.Blk.26 lot 24 Amaia Scapes Laguna, Barandal Calamba, balatucanjr.abner@yahooo.com, 09296012402
Bandao, Mohamadzali G
REE 0031558, Sta. Cruz, Laguna, 09062735256, janmczeal@yahoo.com.ph
Barlaan, Romeo D
110 dao st. 4c San Jose Village Binan, Laguna, romy_barlaan@yahoo.com, 09212412398
Corpuz, Arnel
REE / RMP; 09175284635; Pacita Bian, Laguna; arnelcorpuz@gmail.com
Daraug, Jeffrey,
Dasmarinas, Cavite, 09097010222, jpdsolarhertz@gmail.com
Daraug, Romulo M
Sunnycrest Vill.Salitran-2 Dasmarinas,Cavite, RME 009256, daraugrmsolarhertz@gmail.com, LL : 046 4819 033
De Leon, Irwin Ponce,
470 rizal ave..puerto princesa city, Irwinponcedeleon@yahoo.com
Ducay, Mhon T
RME/RGE, filomenoducay@gmail.com, +639753304504, Cavite
Opilla, Ernesto T
REE 21616, CEL #09169757699, Cavite
Pulanco,Ramil Nicodemus
RME 39243, rialmp2000@gmail.com, blk 61 lot 34 Palao Canlubang 4028 Calamba city, 09053384822
Recto, Precious
RCE, pjbrecto@gmail.com, Lucban, Quezon
Safred, Donato,
RME #018852/ RMP, Tayabas, Quezon

Bicol Region
Barrameda, Joel
RME/REE, jbbarrameda@yahoo.com, Bacacay, Albay
Bugtong, Jigger F
REE, Naga City, 09175802138/ 09228602716
Elecol Engineering
Naga City, 09175803348; 09255111144; 09088200582
Fajardo, Leo
REE, Naga City, 09175803348; ; 09255111144; 09088200582
Flores, Casimiro, Jr.,
RME; clfjr2005@yahoo.com, OSH Safety Practitioner/ Safety Officer/ Naga City
Lorenzana,Mary Marlyn B.
CE/ Daet, Camarines Norte ; mmm_ebl@yahoo.com.ph
Pahugot, Clifford
RME 0037348, Aroroy, Masbate, fordcliff4d@yahoo.com 09272340845
Romano, MelvinREE, 09157938239, Albay SOLARSHARING

San Andres, Balbino, Jr.,
Naga City, Camarines Sur, balbinoree@yahoo.com

Western Visayas/ Central Visayas/ Eastern Visayas
Canu-og, Niel B
REE 13808, nielcanuog@yahoo.com; 0922-8475185; Cebu, City
Caragos, Melmar
RME, MDC Electrical Supplies & Services, Roxas City, Capiz...mdc_1023@yahoo.com
Gambuta, Martin C
RME-37865, CPG East Ave. Tagbilaran City, arch.martin_gambuta@yahoo.com, 09468753551
Osano, Chris
12 V. Aldecoa Road, Dumaguete City, 09287589020, osano_888@yahoo.com
Olavario, Blandino, Jr,
09061679107, Calbyog City, Samar
Vias, Darwin
CE/RMP; Oslob, Cebu; darwinvinas@ymail.com; 09436441617
Western/ Northern/ Southern Mindanao

Asa, Abdulnor A.
REE/ RME; NPC Jolo DPP Jolo Sulu...aaa_nur_asa@yahoo.com
Bagamano, Ramil
PEE, Bukidnon/ Davao; 0922 8700 698
Dalena, Neil S.
Farmers Drive, Gov Ramos Ave. Brgy. Sta Maria, Zamboanga City +63 917 555 8984
Madahan, Bienvenido C
Compostela Valley, Davao, 09489317399
Recto, Precious
RCE, pjbrecto@gmail.com, Bukidnon
Saavedra, Bobby
Zamboanga City, 0917 559 1796; 0918 921 6578
Thank you & Good luck!
If you need further help, my contact numbers are:

0943 0616 215 / 0915 292 8668 / 0929 555 2508 /
pldt mobile 73 69 159

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E.N.G.I.N.E.E.R., Inc.

SOLAR for the

Short Resume of Resource Speaker/ Lecturer:

Engr. William Jacinto Juan,

Admin/Founder SOLARSAFE PHILIPPINES, a FB Group

Back of a Solar Panel

INSTALLED SOLAR PANELS

Earth Rotation Around the Sun

Philippines viz-a-viz the Sun Rays,

Philippines viz-aviz the World

optimum tilt of the panels

GENERAL ADVANTAGES OF SOLAR

the electricity produced to flow through the HV transmission lines)

RA 9513 Offers Fiscal & NonFiscal Incentives

equipment, and materials;

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

1. High Initial Cost? although the trend is the cost is

rapidly going down

2. Reduced Reliability? it is useless during night time

and reduced output when cloudy

3. Large Area Needed? Large area needed for big

energy users such as manufacturing plants

1. PRICE? BUT WHATS THE

surplus from previous cellsite installations by a contractor, the cost was

In 2015, we purchased a 300-watt panel made by SKF of Germany with a

Recently, this May 2016, we again purchased 300-watt panels made in

lower until each home has its own.

2. REDUCED RELIABILITY? HERE

be used by others in the grid.

Build Storage Battery Plants

Build More Pump-Storage Hydro

Top 16 Philippine Rivers Where to Build

2. Rio Grande River (Cotabato), 373km,

Encourage Small/Medium Enterprises

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Every home roof is a large potential collective area to install

Also, every warehouse roof, every public market roof,

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

EVENTUAL EFFECT OF HOME ROOF

WILL COME TO PUT

ESTIMATED COSTS OF HOME

Min.Kw Qtty of Panel Total PV Cost of PV Inv. Cost of Inv No.of

PhP4,500.00 per month x 60%

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Paralleling of Power Systems

Paralleling of Off Grid Solar

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

SOLAR POWER MEASUREMENTS

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Never test battery current using a multi-meter!

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

Solar Energy.. Free.. Limitless.. Efficient.. Clean..

VOLTAGE DROP CALCS