2008 OHSAS 18000 Audit Simplified

LOSS CONTROL MANAGEMENT
(Modern Safety Management)
Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles
An Accident
An accident is that occurrence in a
sequence of events that produces
unintended injury, death or property
damage.
(National Safety Council viii)
MANAGEMENT
ORIGIN (S)
SYMPTOMS
EVENT
PEOPLE PROPERTY, etc
ACCIDENT
IMMEDIATE CAUSES
BASIC CAUSES
LOSS OF CONTROL
DOMINO THEORY OF
ACCIDENTS
LOSS3
MANAGEMENT
ORIGIN (S)
SYMPTOMS
EVENT
PR
OP
PE
OP
LE
,
DE
NT
AC
CI
L
S
O
E
R
E
S
T
T
U
N
A
A
O
I
C
C
D
F
C
E
O
I
S
M
K
A
C
M
B
I
LA
S
E
S
U
CA
ER
TY
e
tc
DOMINO THEORY OF
ACCIDENTS
LOSS4
Why Wait for Losses to Happen?

Why should you
wait until there is
an Injury (LTA) or
Damage
Resulting
Accident in your
workplace before
you perform
safety measures?
WHAT IS A SAFETY MANAGEMENT

SYSTEM?
OHSAS 18000
ISRS
LOSS CONTROL
FIVE STAR
OTHERS
Introduction to OH&S
Management and OHSAS 18001
Recognizing
hazards
Preparing control
measures for these
hazards
Working safely in
unsafe conditions
Being prepared for
unexpected events
that may develop.
Course Preview
Unit 1 Introduction to OH & S
Management
Unit 2 General Requirements & Policy
Unit 3 Planning
Unit 4 Implementation and Operation
Unit 5 Checking and Corrective Action
Unit 6 Management Review.
Unit 1
Introduction to Occupational
Health and Safety.
What is occupational health and

safety?
conditions and
factors that affect
the well being of
personnel in the
work place
OHSAS definition
3.10.
10
OHS Management System

part of the overall management system
that facilitates the management of the OHS
risks associated with the business of the
organizational structure, planning activities,
responsibilities, procedures and resources
for developing, implementing and
maintaining the organizations OHS policy
OHSAS definition 3.11.
11
Evolution of OHS Management

System
1987
1992
1996
1996
1999
ISO 9000 QMS

BS 7750
ISO 14000 EMS
BS 8800
OHSAS 18001.
12
Introduction
O
Occupational
Health and
Safety
Assessment
Series
Specification
OHSAS 18001: 1999 (Apr 15)

13
What Is OHSAS 18001?

Occupational health & safety
management standard
Generic in nature & content
Compatible with:
ISO 9001: 1994 (Quality)
ISO 14001: 1996
(Environment).
14
What is OHSAS 18001?

Voluntary series
Only recognizable
international series
for OHS
Developed by
National Standards
and Certification
Agencies.
15
What is OHSAS 18001?

Published by BSI,
but not a British or
ISO standard
Applicable to any
organization
Not product or
service safety.
16
OHSAS 18001 Series

OHSAS 18001 -Specifications
OHSAS 18002 Guidelines.
17
How to Use Them

OHSAS 18002 Guideline:
Use to develop your OHS Management
System
OHSAS 18001 Specification:

Use to audit your OHS Management
System for compliance and improvement
Use as a contractual document if you
wish.
18
Scope of OHSAS 18001

Any organization that wishes to:
Establish OHS to minimize or eliminate risks
Implement, maintain and continually improve
an OHS system
Assure of conformance to its OHS policy
Demonstrate such conformance to others
Seek international recognition/ certification.
19

Principles
Principle
Principle
Principle
Principle
Principle
1
2
3
4
5
OHS Policy
Planning
Implementation & operation
Checking & corrective action
Review & improvement.
20
OHSAS 18001 Content

1. Introduction
2. Reference
publications
3. Terms & definitions
4. OHS management
system elements
4.1 General
requirements
4.2 OHS policy
4.3 Planning
4.4 Implementation
& operation
4.5 Checking &
corrective action
4.6 Management
review.
21
How OHSAS 18001

Management System Works
Initial
Status
Review (ISR)
Starting Loop
REVIEW
POLICY
PLAN
OHSAS 18001 Implementation, Operation

And Continual Improvement Loop
CHECK
IMPLEMENT
22
What is the Initial Status Review

(ISR)?
Recommendation of
BS 8800 Guidelines
Provides information
on scope, adequacy
and implementation of
current system
Provides a baseline for
measuring future
improvement
Provides basis for
developing policy,
objectives, programs
for improvement.
Audit
Initial
Status
Review
Starting Loop
Feedback
From
Performance
Measurement
23
What the ISR Should Cover

Requirements of legislation
covering OHS management
issues
Existing guidance on OHS Starting
within the organization
Best practice and
performance in the
organizations industry sector
Efficiency and effectiveness of
existing resources devoted to
OHS management.
Audit
Initial
Status
Review
Loop
Feedback
From
Performance
Measurement
24
Unit 2
General Requirements &

Policy
25
4.1 General Requirements:

26
4.1 General Requirements:

the organization
shall establish and
maintain an OHS
management
system, the
requirements for
which are set out
in clause 4.
27
4.1 OHS Management System

Documentation
OH&S Policy
Statement &
System
Description
OH&S
Policy Manual
Operating
Procedures
What, When, Who
Operating Instructions
How and
with What
Support Documentation
Hazard/Risk Register, Regulatory Register,
Guidelines, Records, etc.
28
How OHSAS 18001

Overall sense of
direction
Sets principle of
action
Demonstrates
formal
commitment
Signed off by top
management.
Initial
Status
Review
Starting Loop
POLICY
Audit
Feedback
From
Measuring
Performance
29
4.2 OH&S Policy

Appropriate to nature
& scale of risks
Commitment to
continual improvement
Commitment to
comply with legal &
other requirements
Documented,
implemented &
maintained.
Safety First
30
4.2 OH&S Policy

Communicated to
all employees such
that they are
aware of their
OH&S obligations
Available to
interested parties
Remains relevant
and appropriate.
Safety First
31
4.2 OH&S Policy

Employee involvement
Encouraged to contribute
Understanding
responsibilities
OH&S Policy
Interested party
communication.
32
Unit 3
Planning
33
How OHSAS 18001

4.3.1 Hazards
identification, risk
assessment & control
Starting
4.3.2 Legal & other
requirements
Policy
4.3.3 Objectives
4.3.4 OHS
management
programs.
Initial
Status
Review
Loop
PLANNING
Audit
Feedback
From
Measuring
Performance
34
4.3.1 Hazards identification,

risk assessment & control
Identify hazards
Assess risks
Implement controls
Include
Routine/ non routine
activities
Activities of all
personnel
(subcontractors,
visitors)
Facilities at workplace.
35

Results to be
considered in
setting objectives
Keep information
up to date
36

Methodology shall
Be defined and be proactive
Classify risks
Identify risks to be
eliminated or controlled
Provide input to determine
facility requirements,
training identification/
operational controls
Provide monitoring of
actions.
37

risk & control
38
What is a hazard?
source or situation
with a potential for
harm in terms of
injury, ill health,
damage to
property or
environment
OHSAS definition
3.4.
39
What is a risk?
combination of the
likelihood and
consequence of a
specified
hazardous event
occurring
OHSAS definition
3.14.
40
Accident or Incident?
Accident
undesired event
resulting to injury, ill
health, death,
damage or other
losses
Incident event
that gave rise to an
accident or had the
potential to lead to
an accident.
41
What is risk assessment?

overall process of
estimating the
magnitude of risk
and deciding
whether or not the
risk is tolerable
OHSAS definition
3.15.
42
4.3.2 Legal & Other Requirements

Identify and access
legal & other
requirements
Keep information
up to date
Communicate
requirements
Employees
Interested parties.
43
4.3.2 Legal & other requirements

Occupational health &
safety requirements
Industrial safety
Chemical safety
Fire safety
Industrial hygiene
First aid/ safety committee
Electrical/mechanical safety
Radiation protection.
44
4.3.3 Objectives
OHS objectives at each
relevant function and
level
Consider:
Legal & other requirements
OHS hazards & risks
Technological options
Operational & business
requirement
Views of interested parties
Consistent with policy.

45
Objectives . . . ?
goals, in terms of
OH&S performance
that an
organization sets
itself to achieve
OHSAS definition
3.9.
46
Objective setting guide words

Increase /
Improve
Maintain /
Continue
Introduce
Reduce /
Eliminate
47
Type of Objectives guide words

Introduce
Risk assessment
Emergency plan
Permit-to-work
system
Unsafe act auditing.
48
Type of Objectives guide words

Eliminate
Hazardous events
Usage of hazardous
substances
Use of damaged
PPE
Unsafe acts &
conditions.
49
4.3.4 Management Programs

Programs
established to
achieve objectives
Include
Responsibility at
relevant function
and level
Means
Time scale.
50
4.3.4 Management Programs

Regularly reviewed
Amended to reflect
changes in
activities, products
or services (if
necessary).
51
Unit 4
Implementation &
Operation.
52
How OHSAS 18001

Initial
Status
Review
Starting Loop
POLICY
PLAN

Feedback From
Measuring Performance
Audit
IMPLEMENT
53
4.4 Implementation &

Operation
4.4.1 Structure & responsibility

4.4.2 Training, awareness & competence
4.4.3 Consultation & communication
4.4.4 Documentation
4.4.5 Document & data control
4.4.6 Operational control
4.4.7 Emergency preparedness &
control.
54

Document &
communicate
Roles/
responsibilities
authorities
Provide resources
Human resources
and skills
Technology
Finance.
55

Top management
Ultimate responsibility
Appoint management
representative
Member of top management
Ensure OHSMS effectively
implemented
Report on OHS performance
for review & improvement.
56
4.4.2 Training, awareness &

competence
Aware of
Importance of
complying to OHS
requirements
OHS consequences
(actual & potential)
Emergency
preparedness &
response.
57

competence
Training to consider
Responsibility
Ability & literacy
Risk.
58

competence
Personnel to be
competent
Education
Training
Experience.
59
4.4.3 Consultation &

communication
Communication
to/from
Employees
Interested parties.
60
4.4.3 Consultation &

communication
Employees to be
Involved
Consulted
Represented
Informed.
61
4.4.4 Documentation
Describe core
elements of OHSM
Provide direction to
related
documentation
Paper or electronic
form.
62
4.4.5 Document & data control

Locatable
Periodically
reviewed, revised
& approved
Only current
version available
Control of obsolete
documents.
63

Identify operations /
activities associated
with risks where
controls are required.
64

These activities to
be controlled
Operating
procedures
Operating criteria
Communications
with suppliers &
contractors
Design to eliminate
or reduce OHS risks
at source.
65
OHS RISKS
66
4.4.7 Emergency preparedness

& response
Incidents &
emergencies
Identify potential
for
Respond to
Prevent/ mitigate
associated illness &
injuries.
67
4.4.7 Emergency preparedness

& response
Emergency plans &
procedures
Reviewed after an
incident/emergency
Periodically tested.
68
Unit 5
Checking & Corrective Action.
69
How OHSAS 18001

Initial
Status
Review
Starting Loop
POLICY
PLAN

CHECKING &
CORRECTIVE
ACTION
Module 2:
Accident Prevention Principles
Audit
IMPLEMENT
Feedback from Measuring Performance
70
4.5 Checking & Corrective

Action
4.5.1 Performance
measurement &
monitoring
4.5.2 Accidents,
incidents, non
conformance and
corrective & preventive
action
4.5.3 Records & record
management
4.5.4 Audit.
71
4.5.1 Performance
measurement & monitoring
Monitor & measure OHS performance
regularly
Qualitative/ quantitative measures
Proactive measures
Reactive measures
Record data/ results to facilitate
corrective & preventive actions.
72
4.5.1 Performance
measurement & monitoring
Equipment to be
calibrated
Records to be
maintained.
73
4.5.2 Accidents, incidents, non-conformances,

corrective & preventive actions
Procedures for
handling,
investigating &
mitigating
consequences from
Accidents
Incidents
Non-conformances.
74
4.5.2 Accidents, incidents, non-conformances,

corrective & preventive actions
Corrective/ preventive
actions
Procedures for initiation
To be reviewed before
implementation (risk
assessment)
Appropriate to magnitude
of problems
Commensurate with risk
Confirm effectiveness
Changes documented.
75

management
Demonstrate
conformance to
OHSMS
Procedures for
identification,
maintenance &
disposition of
records.
76

management
OHS records
Legible
Traceable to
activities involved
Readily retrievable
Not damaged or
lost
Retention period
defined.
77
4.5.4 Audit
Audits to determine whether or not OHSMS
Conforms to planned arrangements & OHSAS
18001
Has been properly implemented & maintained
Effective in meeting policy & objectives
Results of previous audits to be reviewed

Provide information to top management.
78
4.5.4 Audit
Audit schedule based
on:
Results of risk
assessment
Results of previous
audits
Independent auditors.
79
Unit 6
Management Review.
80
How OHSAS 18001

External
Internal
Factors
Factors
MANAGEMENT
REVIEW
Initial
Status
Review
Starting Loop
POLICY
PLAN

CHECK
IMPLEMENT
81
4.6 Management Review

Top management
Review OHSMS
Ensure it is
suitable, adequate
& effective
Necessary
information to be
collected
82
4.6 Management Review

Address
Changes to policy,
objectives & other
elements
Changing
circumstances
Commitment to
continual
improvement.
83
Direct Indicators of OHS

Performance
Safety Performance
Statistics (Consequence
Measurements)
Inspection Report
Analysis
Repeatedly reported
hazards
PPE usage
Housekeeping standard
Choose a combination of
indicators.
84
Cautions in using Reactive Data

as Performance Indicators
Generally very few accidents
Increased workload alone may cause
higher accidents
Absence from work due to
occupational injury or ill health
maybe influenced by other factors
Long latent periods of occupational
diseases.
85
Measurement Techniques
Safety Inspections
Environmental
sampling
Behavior sampling
Document review &
analysis
Benchmarking
Others.
86
SAFETY
TODAY
ARE
4
BELIEVE
BECAUSE
WE
WE
6
HERE
9
IN
87
Fit the legos so each row & column add up to 15.
END OF MODULE
8
WE
1
ARE
6
HERE
15
WE
7
15
TODAY
3
BECAUSE
5
BELIEVE
4
IN
9
SAFETY
2
15
15
15
15
88

2008 OHSAS 18000 Audit Simplified

Uploaded by

Document Information

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

2008 OHSAS 18000 Audit Simplified

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

LOSS CONTROL MANAGEMENT

(Modern Safety Management)

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

PEOPLE PROPERTY, etc

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

Why Wait for Losses to Happen?

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

WHAT IS A SAFETY MANAGEMENT

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

What is occupational health and

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

OHS Management System

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

Evolution of OHS Management

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

ISO 9000 QMS

OHSAS 18001: 1999 (Apr 15)

What Is OHSAS 18001?

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

What is OHSAS 18001?

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

What is OHSAS 18001?

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

OHSAS 18001 Series

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

How to Use Them

OHSAS 18001 Specification:

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

Scope of OHSAS 18001

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

OHS Management System

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

OHSAS 18001 Content

How OHSAS 18001

OHSAS 18001 Implementation, Operation

What is the Initial Status Review

What the ISR Should Cover

General Requirements &

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

4.1 General Requirements:

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

4.1 General Requirements:

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

4.1 OHS Management System

What, When, Who

How OHSAS 18001

4.2 OH&S Policy

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

4.2 OH&S Policy

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

4.2 OH&S Policy

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

How OHSAS 18001

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

4.3.1 Hazards identification,

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

4.3.1 Hazards identification,

Module 2: Accident Prevention Principles

4.3.1 Hazards identification,

4.3.1 Hazards identification,