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NOUN

Noun is a word that names a person, place, thing or idea.

Concrete nouns name people, places or things that you can touch, see, hear, smell
or taste.

There are generally four classes of nouns

Class of Noun
Common nouns

Proper nouns

Collective nouns

Definition

Examples

Common names
Sons, bird, villages,
sharded by everything horses, country
of the same kind
Names of particuar
people, animals,
places or things.

People: Anita, Ibrahim

Animal: dog, cat
Places: Malaysia
Thing: book, chair

Refer to groups of
things that are
regarded as one,
collection of person,
places, activities and
concepts

jury, team, staff,

audinece

Abstract nouns name ideas or emotions. They are intangible, which means you
cannot touch, see, hear, smell or taste them using your five senses.

Idea
Emotion

love, intelligence,
happiness, anger, excitement

VERB

A verb is a word that expresses an action or a state of being.

There are two main categories of verbs:
Action verbs (verb that describe an action, like run, jump, kick, eat)
When using action verbs, the sentence structure will be:
SUBJECT
--->

(noun)

ACTION
VERB
--->

THE REST OF
THE SENTENCE

(verb)

(adjective,
adverb, noun,
complement, or
nothing)

Example :
The windblowsconstantly in
Chicago.

The action verb isblows. It

describes what the wind does.

Greg iskickingthe ball now.

The action verb iskicking.

It describes what Greg is
doing.

Linking verb(verb that links(connect) the subject of the

sentence to information about the subject.
When using linking verbs, the sentence structure will be:
SUBJECT
--->

LINKING
VERB
--->

INFORMATION
ABOUT THE
SUBJECT

(noun)

(verb)

(adjective, noun, or
complement)

Example:

Theballisred.

Thedogbecamethin
after his surgery.

'Is' is a linking verb that

connects the subject,ball, to
information about that
subject (that it is red).
'Became' links the
subject,the dog, with
information about him (that
he became thin).

PREPOSITIONS

PREPOSITIONS
Prepositions are words that we use before nouns or
pronouns to show their relationship with other words in
a sentence.
Eg:
I am sitting on a chair.
I am walking to her.
There are prepositions of location, direction and time.

PREPOSITIONS OF LOCATION
Are used to indicate the locations or position
of objects.
Eg:
on, in, under, in front of, among, between.

PREPOSITIONS OF DIRECTION
Are used to show direction of
movement to and from a fixed point.
Eg:
to, from, into, along, over, through, across and
around.

PREPOSITIONS OF TIME
Are used to shows when things happen.
Eg:
by, for, before, after, since, at and during.