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ACI440.2R - 08
Strengthening Limits
(9-1)
fd
f c'
0.083
0.9 fu
nE f t f
fd
f c'
0.41
0.9 fu
nE f t f
hc
fe cu
bi fd
c
5
(10-2) US
(10-2) SI
(10-3)
FRP Jacket
Circular Sections
Confining pressure:
fl
fl
fl
Ef fe
Ef fe
2 E f n t f fe
D
Shape factors:
a b 1.0
Concrete
fl
8
(12-4)
Rectangular Sections
Equivalent circular
column
b
D
D b2 h2
Confining pressure:
fl
h
9
2 E f n t f fe
D
(12-4)
Rectangular Sections
Shape factors:
Effective confinement
area, Ae
Ae b
a
Ac h
Ae h
b
Ac b
0.5
(12-9)
h
Confining stress
concentrated at corners
10
(12-10)
Detailing Requirement
s f ,max
d
wf
4
Vs V f 8 f 'c bw d
Vs V f 0.66 f cbd
11
(11-11) US
(11-11) SI
A f anchor
f
f
f fu longitudinal
v fu anchor
(13-1)
13
Development Length
ldf 0.057
ldf
nE f t f
f c'
nE f t f
f c'
in in.-lb units
(13-2)
in SI units
14
440.5-08: Specification
for Construction with
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer
Reinforcing Bars
440.6-08: Specification
for Carbon and Glass
Fiber-Reinforced Polymer
Bar Materials for
Concrete Reinforcement
ASSHTO Specifications
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