Plennary discussion

Third case
BACK PAIN

Case
A man 47 years old came to company clinic, he feel
lower back pain 4 months ago. He dont have
another complaint like pins and needles, and feel
pain in a pair of foot. Based on anamnesis results,
doctor got information that patient is a company
truck driver since 14 years ago, with work hour 12
hour every day and also as a operator when poured
mix concrete at construction place. Patient use PPE
like safety helmet and safety shoes when he work.
Patient have the same illness 3 years ago and
already get the treatment and getting better, he
ever fell down from 3 meters height 1 years ago, he
smoke during 4 years 1 pack per day. Patient said
that he never drink alcohol and coffee.

Scheme
47 years man
Treatment
Feel lower back pain

Rehabilitation doctor

Company doctor task

Patient have the same illness 3 years ago and

already get the treatment and getting better,
he ever fell down from 3 meters height 1
years ago, he smoke during 4 years 1 pack
per day.

Risk factor in work

safety

Management of illness caused by work/

work accident

Learning objectives

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

low back pain

OSH
company doctor task
occupational disease
BPJS ketenagakerjaan
PPE

Low back pain

Low back pain (LBP) is a common disorder
involving the muscles, and bones of the back.
Pain can vary from a dull constant ache to a
sudden sharp feeling. Low back pain may be
classified by duration as acute (pain lasting
less than 6 weeks), sub-chronic (6 to 12
weeks), or chronic (more than 12 weeks). The
symptoms of low back pain usually improve
within a few weeks from the time they start,
with 40-90% of people completely better by
six weeks.

 LBP caused by
One potential source of back pain is
skeletal muscle of the back (e.g.
Muscle strains, ligament sprain, and
muscle imbalances.)
Another potential source of lower
back pain is the synovial joints of the
spine (e.g. zygapophysial joints/facet
joints).

These lower back pain symptoms

include any combination of the
following:
Difficulty moving that can be severe
enough to prevent walking or standing
Pain that also moves around to the
groin, bottom or upper thigh, but rarely
travels below the knee
Pain that tends to be achy and dull

Occupational health and

safety
3 terms of occupational health and safety principles are:
a. Workload
Every work of any kind whether the work requires muscle strength or thinking
is a burden for those who do. By itself this burden can be either physical load,
mental load or social burden in accordance with the type of work the offender.
b. Additional Expenses
Additional costs would be a condition or an unfavorable environment for the
implementation of the work. Called an additional burden for the environment
interfere with the work and should be addressed by the employee or
employees concerned
c. Work capability
A person's ability to do the job is different between someone with one
another, it is because the people of different capacities.

Company doctor task

Employment medical examination
Guidance and supervision of the work
of labor adjusment
Guidance and supervision of the work
environment, safety and sanitary ware
Prevention of common diseases and
occupational disesase (PAK)
Organizes training in first aid (P3K)
Health eduacation for the workforce

Company doctor task

Advising on planning and making the
workplace, personal protective
equipment (APD), nutrition work
Help rehabilitation efforts workforce
Guidaance and supervision of workers
who have certain health disordesrs
Policy development and program of work
Provide regular reports on the companys
occupational health services

occupational disease
any chronic ailment that occurs as a result of
work or occupational activity
An important aspect of OS&H
It is called when it is more prevalent in a given
body of workers
Should be distinguishable from injuries due to
workplace hazards

Classification
I. Diseases due to physical agents:
Heat: Heat hyperpyrexia, heat exhaustion
Cold: Trench foot, frost bite
Light: Occupational cataract, miners nystagmus
Pressure: Caisson disease, air embolism, blast
(explosion)
Noise: Occupational deafness
Radiation: Cancer, leukaemia, aplastic anaemia,
pancytopenia

 II.Diseases due to chemical agents:

Gases: Gas poisoning
Pneumoconiosis
Metals and their compounds: Chemicals & Solvents
III.Diseases due to biological agents:
Leptospirosis, anthrax, actinomycosis, tetanus
IV.Occupational cancer:
Cancer of skin, lungs, bladder
V.Occupational dermatosis:
Dermatitis, eczema
VI.Diseases of psychological origin:
Industrial neurosis, hypertension, peptic ulcer, etc.

BPJS ketenagakerjaan
A. Definition
The accumulation of laws and regulations that focus
on social security and labor protection in Indonesia,
covering program work accident insurance, life
insurance, pension and retirement security.

B. Accident insurance (JKK)

Provides compensation and rehabilitation for workers
who suffered an accident at the time began to go to
work until it arrives again at home or sickness due to
the employment relationship. The dues paid by the
company.

Personal protective equipment (PPE)

Personal protective equipment (PPE) refers to protective
clothing, helmets, goggles, or other equipment designed
to protect the wearer's body from injury or infection.
The purpose of personal protective equipment is to
reduce employee exposure to hazards when engineering
and administrative controls are not feasible or effective
to reduce these risks to acceptable levels. PPE is needed
when there are hazards present.