TRANSMISSION

SYSTEM

By:
Brahmadev
Gande
083230

Contents:
1. Introduction
2. Clutch
3. Gear train
4. Driving shaft
5. Differential

Introduction
Transmission system is a group of mechanisms which is used to
transmit the torque from the engine to the wheels.
Essential sub-systems:
Clutch
Gear train
Driving shaft and
differential

Clutch

The first stage in the transmission system of a car with a manual gearbox is the
clutch.
It is a mechanical device that engages and disengages the power transmission,
especially from driving shaft to driven shaft.
When a car is moving under power, the clutch is engaged. A pressure plate bolted to
the flywheel exerts constant force, by means of a diaphragm spring, on the driven
plate.

The main parts of a friction clutch are:

a)
b)
c)
d)
e)

Clutch plate
Clutch facing
Pressure plate
Springs
Bearing

Clutch mechanism:

Positive
Clutch:

Cone Clutch:

Single-plate

Friction
Clutch
Clutch:
Multi-plate
Clutch:

Diaphragm Clutch:

Fluid Coupling

Hydraulic
Clutch Hydraulic torque converter :

Centrifugal clutch

Semi-centrifugal clutch

Electro-magnetic clutch

Manual clutch:
In this type, clutch is operatemanuallyby the driven when he need or when shifting
the gear. This type of clutch uses some mechanical,hydraulicallyor
electricalmechanism to operate the clutch. All friction clutches are include in it.
Automatic clutch:
This type of clutch used inmodernvehicle. This clutch has self operated
mechanismwhich control the clutch when the vehicle need. Centrifugal
clutch,hydraulictorque converter and fluid coupling includes in it. This type of
clutch is always used with the automatictransmissionbox.

Requirements of a Good Clutch

Torque Transmission: The clutch should be so designed, so that it can able to transfer maximum power through it.

Gradual Engagement: The clutches should be engaged gradually so that the sudden jerks produced must be avoided.

Heat Dissipation: It should be so designed, so that maximum dissipation of heat takes place from it.

Dynamic Balancing: For high speed clutches dynamic balancing is necessary.

Vibration Damping: The clutch should be so designed, so that the noise or vibration produced in the transmission can be eliminated
easily.

Size: The size of the clutch should be so small, so that it can be fit into minimum space.

Provision of Clutch Free Pedal: There should be a clutch free pedal in engaging or disengaging of clutch.

Ease of Operation: Engaging and disengaging of the clutch should not be difficult or tiresome to the operator.

GEAR BOX

Necessity: to provide high torque at different situations, to reverse the vehicle, and to put the
vehicle in neutral at idling situation.
Main Components:
1. Counter shaft (Layshaft)
2. Main Shaft
3. Gears
4. Bearings

Working:

Manual transmission
Sliding Mesh Gear

Constant Mesh Gear

Gear
Box

Automatic transmission

Synchromesh Gear
Planetary Gear Box

Torque Converter

Continuously variable Transmission (CVT)

Differential
Function:
It is a mechanical device splits the engine torque proportionately to the
respective wheels.
Transfers power from driveshaft to the wheels.
Provides final gear reduction.
Splits amount of torque going to each wheel.
Allow the wheels to rotate at different speeds in turns.

Mechanis
m:

Types of Gears:

Spiral Bevel Gear

Hypoid Bevel Gear

Types of
Differential

Limited Slip
Differential

Locked Differential

Open Differential

Types of wheel
drives

Transaxles
Combination
of
transmission
and
differential in one unit is called transaxle.
Transaxles are found both front wheel and
rear wheel vehicles, but are common on
Front wheel vehicles.
Transaxles are both automatic and manual.

Bibliography:
http://
www.mech4study.com/search/label/automobile?updated-max=2015-05-21T0
8:56:00-07:00&max-results=20&start=15&by-date=false
http://bieap.gov.in/pdf/autotransmission.pdf
http://
www.mech4study.com/2014/03/what-is-gear-box-what-are-main-componentsof-gear-box.html
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/automatic-transmission10.htm
http://auto.howstuffworks.com/transmission.htm
http://
www.mech4study.com/2015/09/automatic-car-transmission-principle-and-wor
king.html
Google Images

Thank
you