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IMMUNIZATION
PRINCIPLES ON
IMMUNIZATION
ACTIVE
PASSIVE
PRINCIPLES ON
IMMUNIZATION
ACTIVE
Expected responses
PRINCIPLES ON
IMMUNIZATION
ACTIVE
Types:
Live Attenuated
Contains wild or disease-causing
virus or bacteria that are markedly
weakened in the laboratory over
time
Immune response similar to natural
infection
PRINCIPLES ON
IMMUNIZATION
ACTIVE
Types:
Live Attenuated
Severe reactions possible (may cause
untoward effects to immunecompromised hosts)
Potential for reversal to pathogenic form
Viral: Measles, mumps, rubella, oral
polio, rotavirus, varicella
Bacterial: BCG, oral typhoid
PRINCIPLES ON
IMMUNIZATION
ACTIVE
Types:
Inactivated vaccines
Incapable
PRINCIPLES ON
IMMUNIZATION
ACTIVE
Types:
Inactivated vaccines
PRINCIPLES ON
IMMUNIZATION
ACTIVE
Types:
Combination vaccines
Given intradermally
Live attenuated BCG should be given at
the earliest possible age after birth
(preferably within the first 2 months of
life)
The dosage of BGC is 0.05mL for
children < 12 months of age and 0.1mL
for children > 12 months of age
congenital TB
History of closed contact to known or suspected
infectious cases of TB
Clinical findings suggestive of TB and/or Chest XRay suggestive of TB
An induration of > 5mm is considered positive
DTwP-Hib
DTaP-IPV
DTwP-HepB
DTaP-IPV-Hib
DTwP-HepB-Hib
DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB
Live attenuated
Given subcutaneously (SC) at the age of
9 months
May be given as early as 6 months of
age in cases of outbreaks as declared by
public health officials
Given IM
Minimum age for PCV: 6 weeks
Primary vaccination
Recommended Vaccines
Influenza Vaccine
MMRV
Varicella
Tetanus and Diptheria Toxoid (Td) /
Tetanus and Diptheria Toxoid and
Acellularpertussis Vaccine (Tdap)
Recommended Vaccines
INFLUENZA VACCINE
Given IM or SC
All children 6 months 18 years should receive
influenza vaccine
Recommended Vaccine
MEASLES, MUMPS, RUBELLA,
VARICELLA (MMRV)
Given SC
Live attenuated
May be given as an alternative to
separately administered MMR and
Varicella Vaccine for healthy children 12
months 12 years of age
Minimum interval between 1st and 2nd
dose: 3 mos
Recommended Vaccines
VARICELLA VACCINE
Given SC
Live attenuated
2 doses are recommended
POINTERS TO
IMMUNIZATION
Permanent contraindications
POINTERS TO
IMMUNIZATION
POINTERS TO
IMMUNIZATION
POINTERS TO
IMMUNIZATION