y

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

STARTUP CHECKS

PUMPS FOR
PUMPING WATER (OR ANY LIQUID)
BELOW CRITICAL TEMPERATURES
2

In choosing a pump
for the same purpose of
raising
its
pressure,
temperature of the fluid
(commonly water) is very
important because the
material that comprises
the pump (i.e. the casing
etc) varies according to
its working temperature.
We have to consider
thermal
strength,
strength against fatigue
and vibration, and other
PUMPS FOR
metallurgical
effect
of
PUMPING WATER (OR ANY LIQUID)
heatCRITICAL
and TEMPERATURES
temperature
ABOVE
that affects the material
Presentation Title
property of 10/15/16
the pump.
Gets?

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

STARTUP CHECKS

1. Check the oil level indicators for all the bearin

PUMPS FOR
PUMPING WATER (OR ANY LIQUID)
BELOW CRITICAL TEMPERATURES
3

Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

STARTUP CHECKS

2. Make sure that the suction, discharge and ven

valves are open.

PUMPS FOR
PUMPING WATER (OR ANY LIQUID)
BELOW CRITICAL TEMPERATURES
4

Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

STARTUP CHECKS

3. Make sure that the water is supplied to the se

and there is a proper amount of seal leak off

PUMPS FOR
PUMPING WATER (OR ANY LIQUID)
BELOW CRITICAL TEMPERATURES
5

Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

STARTUP CHECKS

1. Check the oil level indicators

for all the bearings.
2.
y Make sure that the suction,
discharge and vent valves
are open.

PUMPS FOR
PUMPING WATER (OR ANY LIQUID)
ABOVE CRITICAL TEMPERATURES
6

Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

STARTUP CHECKS

1. Check the oil level indicators

for all the bearings.
2.
y Make sure that the suction,
discharge and vent valves
are open.
3. Make sure that the
water is
supplied to
the seals and
there is
a proper amount of
seal leak off.

PUMPS FOR
PUMPING WATER (OR ANY LIQUID)
ABOVE CRITICAL TEMPERATURES
7

Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

STARTUP CHECKS

. Check the oil level indicators

for all the bearings.
2. Make sure that the suction,
y discharge and vent valves
are open.
3. Make sure that the
water is
supplied to
the seals and
there is
a proper amount of
seal
leak off.
4. Check
cooling water
valves and cooling water
temperatures for pump
bearings.
5. Check the warming
lines through the pump.
8

PUMPS FOR
PUMPING WATER (OR ANY LIQUID)
ABOVE CRITICAL TEMPERATURES
Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

AFTER STARTUP CHECKS

1. Make sure pump is actually turning.

.
2. Check the lubrication
both of
y driver and driven.
3. Make sure cooling
water flow is enough
and temperature is within
Normal operating level.
4. Others
-Speed
-Vibration
-Liquid Pressure, Temperature
-Leaks
-Filters/Strainer
9

PUMPS FOR
PUMPING WATER (OR ANY LIQUID)
ABOVE CRITICAL TEMPERATURES
Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

CAVITATION
Cavitation is a condition that can occur in
centrifugal pumps if the fluid being pumped
begins to boil.
.
Cavitation does not occur if there is enough
pressure at the pump suction to prevent boiling.

Boiling will not occur as long as there is enough

available net positive suction head (NPSHa).
Thus NPSHa is a factor of Cavitation.

What is NPSHa?

10

Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

CAVITATION
What is NPSHa?
The minimum pressure required at the suction port of the
pump to keep the pump from cavitating.

Assume velocity head is negligible and system has no losses.

Absolute Distance (suction head)

of the pump to the water source
11

Saturation Pressure of the

water being pumped
at that given temperature
Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

CAVITATION
What is NPSHa?

Absolute Distance (suction head)

of the pump to the water source

Saturation Pressure of the

water being pumped
at that given temperature

For example (Disclaimer: for brief description only, not the

actual process of computing NPSH, this NPSHa and
NPSHr will not be discussed further)
We
have
a
pump,
pumping water at 30
degree centigrade and
its source is 5ft above its
pump centerline, will the
cavitation occur?

5ft

12

Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

CAVITATION
What is NPSHa?

Saturation Pressure of the

water being pumped
at that given temperature

Absolute Distance (suction head)

of the pump to the water source

For example (Disclaimer: for brief description only, not the

actual process of computing NPSH, this NPSHa and
NPSHr will
be discussed
further)
The not
water
being pumped
at 30C has a
Saturation Pressure of 2.18 PSIA (from
Steam
1).
AssumeTables
5ft is Table
the Absolute
Distance or
Suction
Head. topic, he have learned that
From previous
we can convert the head into pressure:

5ft

13

2.16 PSI
Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

CAVITATION
What is NPSHa?

Absolute Distance (suction head)

of the pump to the water source

Saturation Pressure of the

water being pumped
at that given temperature

For example (Disclaimer: for brief description only, not the

actual process of computing NPSH, this NPSHa and
NPSHr will
notthe
be definition
discussedoffurther)
From
FLASHING, when the
pressure drops below the saturation pressure,
the water will start to vaporize to boil since Saturation Pressure of 2.18PSI at
30C
drops to 2.16PSI.
By conclusion,
the ABSOLUTE HEIGHT of

5ft

SUCTION HEAD is not enough, so we need to

lift the source or lower the pump to eliminate
boiling and cavitation.
14

Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

CAVITATION
To
keep
off
cavitation,
1. Make sure suction is not blocked.
2. Make sure that discharge is open.
3. Make sure devices like strainers/filters are not affecting
the flow through the suction.

15

Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

FLOW VARIATION
Categorizes into:
Variable Speed Motors
Variable Speed Couplings
3. Control / Throttle Valves
1.
2.

16

Presentation Title
10/15/16

ARTUP, CAVITATION AND FLOW VARIATION

FLOW VARIATION
Categorizes into:
Variable Speed Motors
Variable Speed Couplings
3. Control / Throttle Valves
1.
2.

17

Presentation Title
10/15/16

Is there a better
way?