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CONDUCTION HEAT
TRANSFER
2.1 Principles of
Conductive Heat
Transfer
To describe the
principles of
conduction heat
transfer (solid,
liquid and gas)
Objective
s
Heat Conduction
Conduction is the process of thermal energy
transfer without
medium.
HOT
(lots of vibration)
any flow
of the material
COLD
(not much vibration)
Heat
travels
along the
rod
Vibrate
Collide
Transfer
Solid
Liquid
Gas
Examples
Transient
Steady
state
No change
with time
at any
point
within the
medium
Variation
with time or
time
independence
one
direction only.
Another example:
Heat transfer through
a hot water pipe (radial
direction from the hot
water to ambient)
The variation of
temperature and thus the
heat transfer in other
direction are
or zero.
negligible
q
dT
Q k
A
dx
dT
q kA
dx
(T1 T2 )
q kA
( x2 x1 )
dT
q kA
dx
Hot face
Cold face
Hot
face
temp.
Temp.
gradient
Cold
face
temp.
Material
Thermal Conductivity
Wm-1oC-1
Diamond
2300
Silver
429
Copper
401
Gold
317
Aluminum
237
Iron
80.2
Mercury (liq)
8.54
Glass
0.78
Brick
0.72
Water (liq)
0.63
Air (g)
0.026
Human skin
0.37
Helium (g)
0.152
Try ya!
Calculate the heat loss per square meter
of surface area for an insulating wall of a
food cold-storage room where the outside
temperature is 299.9K and the inside
temperature is 276.5K. The wall is
composed of 25.4 mm of corkboard
having a thermal conductivity of 0.0433
W/(m K)
q/A = -k dT/dX
= -k (T2 T1)/(x)
= - (0.0433)(299 276.5)
25.4 x10-3
= - 39.89 W/m2
x
276.5 K
299 K
correct!
25.4 mm on corkboard
q/A = k dT/dX
= k (T1 T2)/(x)
= 0.048/0.0254(352.7-297.1)
= 105.1 W/m2
End