OCC Meeting

Implementation of URTDSM PROJECT

in Southern Region

POWERGRID

URTDSM Project Detail

CERC vide Order dated 06.09.2013, accorded in-principle
approval for implementation of URTDSM Phase-I
scheme.
LOA: 15.01.2014 to M/s Alstom
Completion Schedule: -24 Months (Jan 2016)
Scope:- Installation of PDCs at 34 Control Centres
Installation of 1186 PMUs across 351
Substations
Package-I: (NR, ER, NER, NTAMC & NLDC)
Supply: - Rs. 158.22 Crore; Services: - Rs.72.82Crore
Total: - Rs. 231.04 Cr
Package-II: (SR, WR)
Supply: - Rs. 82.61 Crore Services: - Rs.43.75Crore
Total: - Rs. 126.36 Cr

URTDSM Project
Control Center PDS system installed and commissioned at SRLDC & 4
SLDCs of SR for PMU integration
Control Center Integrated FAT for Package-II from 16th Aug 2016
Development of Analytical Tools Using PMU Based Phasor Measurements
by POWERGRID in association with IIT-B
Sr.
Analytics
No.
1. Line Parameter Estimation
2.
On line vulnerability analysis
of distance relays
3.
Linear State Estimator
4.
Supervised Zone-3 distance
protection scheme to prevent
unwanted tripping
5.
CT/CVT Calibration
6.
Control for improving system
security (Based on angular,
voltage & frequency stability)

Status
Prototype Completed
Prototype Completed
Under development
Prototype completed, Pilot
Scheme under
implementation
Under development
Under development

Status of PMU Supply and Integration with CC as on

30th July 2016

Tentative Delivery Schedule requirement at

Substations & Control Centers

List of regional coordinators

in SR
S.No

Utility

Name of Coordinator
from Utility

Designation

Mobile

Divisional Engineer

9490153120

Mr. V. Ramana
Murthy
1

Name of
POWERGRID
Coordinator

AGM (OS)

9490611096

CM(OS)

9440908940

AGM (OS)

9490611096

CM(OS)

9440908940

AGM (OS)

9490611096

Mr. Mohd. Mahmood

DGM (RTMC)

9449599000

Mr. Mohd. Mahmood

DGM (RTMC)

9449599000

Mr. Mohd. Mahmood

DGM (RTMC)

9449599000

AGM (OS)

9490611096

Mr. Mohd. Mahmood

DGM (RTMC)

9449599000

Mr. Mohd. Mahmood

DGM (RTMC)

9449599000

Mr P Ranga Rao
Asst. Divisional Engineer

94910465377
Mr SDCS Rao

Mr. D. Vasudeva Rao

Divisional Engineer

9490153117
Mr P Ranga Rao

TSTRANSCO

Mr. K. Madhava rao

Asst. Divisional Engineer

9490153119
Mr SDCS Rao

APGENCO

KPTCL

Mr P Ranga Rao

Mr. Jose M. V.

Executive Engineer

KSEB

Mr. A.P. Titus

Assistance Executive
Engineer

9496009234

TANTRANSC
O

Er.
G.Lakshminaraya
na

Executive Engineer/ EPCIII

9445396708

Mr SSS Srinavas
Mr Dinesh K.V. m
NTPC , Kayamkulam
Mr Murty, AGM-EM,
Simadri
H. Raghunath

AGM(EM)

08728272135
9440918195

Mobile

APTRANCO
Mr. P. Shiva Prashad

Designation

NTPC

NLC

NPC

9440918249
Ch. Manager

9443876587

Mr P Ranga Rao

Broadly Work to be carried out at a

PMU stations are:
By M/s ALSTOM: - Supply install and commission approved PMUs
with panel, associated cables for DC supply, POWER, CT, PT,
status points, GPS receivers, LAN switch. Connect the LAN to
identified communication equipment.
By Utility: * Making available/extend DC power Supply, Space for
cable in cable trench, panel in control/C&R room, spare
potential free contact for CB, Isolator, Protection trip etc.
Note: - * The detail of contract specification available with
project coordinators:

Scope of work :
URTDSM Project (Phase-I):
Installation of approximately 1186 PMUs at 351
Substations and Power plants of all utilities of
the Country based upon following criterion.
(The hardware and software is sized to accommodate all the PMUs
proposed to be installed under Phase-I and Phase-II including 50%
expansion requirements.)
Analytical Software is being developed by POWERGRID in association with
IIT Mumbai with the help of the Panel of Experts.

Vulnerability analysis of relay

Dynamic/Linear State Estimator

Supervised Zone-3 distance protection scheme to prevent

unwanted tripping

On line CVT parameter validation

Emergency control schemes for controlling frequency and

voltage instabilities

Schemes for controlling angular instabilities i.e, out of step

protection and adaptive islanding.

Agenda Points

Communication infrastructure status for various sites including Control center

& substation/ Utilities.

Confirmation on reserving the Ethernet port in SDH system at Substations

and Control Centers, where the SDH communication system already exist
(under ULDC/MCP).

Confirmation on space availability for PMU panel and various control center
equipments.

Arranging spare MCB for DC Supply by Respective Region, wherever it is not

available currently at Substations.

Requirement of Aux Power Supply system (UPS, ACDB & Battery bank) at all
Control Centers and spare capacity in the present APS system under use.
Also to explore the space availability for new APS system, if required.

Coordination required with Regional Coordinators and State/Site coordinators

in arranging the required permits to dispatch, deliver, store and install the
equipment at substations as well as Control centers. (Tentative schedule of
installation targets of various equipment to be apprised).

Issue- To be addressed
SR Region - Control Centre space availability for
Hardware and for UPS, ACDB & Battery bank
(60KVA at RLDC, 40KVA at SLDC)
.

URTDSM System Hierarchy

PDC
at Back up NLDC

PDC
at NLDC & NTAMC

Remote Consoles at
CEA (1)

Remote Consoles
at RPC (5), UT(3),
States(5)

Super PDCs at five RLDCs

Master PDCs at SLDCs

Router

PMU -1

Router

PMU- n

PMUs located at State

Sector Substations

PMU -1

Router

PMU- n

PMUs located at IPPs

across the Grid

PMU -1

PMU- n

PMUs located at Central

Sector Substations

Existing VPS
MODULE

PDS Server

FROM PMUs AND HEIRARCHICAL PDCs

GPS

WORK
STATION # 2

WORK
STATION

Analytics
Server

SPDC Server

PDS VLAN
ROUTER
PDC LAN
INFRASTURUCTURE MANAGEMENT LAN
LAN FOR
REMOTE
CONSOLES

FIREWALL

Remote
Consoles

ROUTER

NETWORK ARCHITECTURE
FOR RLDCs

NMS cum CMC, Patch

Management & Identity
SERVER

HISTORIAN LAN

DATA
HISTORIAN
SERVER
HISTORIAN *

NAS BOX

* Storage Area Network (SAN) based

Storage or any other specialized
Storage Solution of Minimum 150 TB
for storing one year PMU Data
** Storage system of min 1 TB for
storing analytical applications
results.

COLOR LASER
PRINTER

ANALYTIC APPS LAN

ROUTER

SERVER FOR
ANALYTICA
L

DATA
HISTORIAN
SERVER**

WORK
STATION #1

FIREWALL
FOR
ANALYTICAL
APPLICATIO
N

Equipment to be installed in Control Rooms

S
No

Name of the Equipment

Qty at SRLDC

Qty at SLDCs
of SR

Work Stations

4 Nos

4 Nos

Furniture

1 Lot

1 Lot

Colour Printer

1 No

1 No

Equipment to be installed in Server Rooms

S
No

Name of the Equipment

Qty at SRLDC

Qty at SLDCs
of SR

No of Servers (PDC,
Applications, Historian, 3rd
party Analytics,
Infrastructure Management
etc.,)

11 Nos

9 Nos

Historian Storage

1 Lot of 150TB

1 Lot of 6 TB

NAS Storage

1 Nos of 6TB

1No of 6TB

IIT Analytics Storage

1 No of 1TB

1 No of 1TB

Firewalls

3 Nos

3 Nos

Minimum Space requirement at Control Rooms

S
No

Name of the Equipment

at SRLDC

At SLDCs of
SR

Work Stations

48 sq.m**

48 sq.m**

Server Room

48 sq.m
(typically 8
server racks)

40 sq.m
(typically 6
racks)

APS Room

60 sq.m for 6
panels

60 sq.m for 6
panels

Note:
4 leastBattery
Room
sq.mracks
(2 front60
1. At
1 m space
shall be required on60
Server
andsq.m
rear (2
side.
racks)height of 2200racks)
2. Server Panels shall be 42 U and a maximum
mm and 1000 mm
clearance height shall be required.
3. Atleast 2 m space shall be required on the UPS Panels front & rear side.
4. UPS Panels shall have a height of 1200 mm + 1000 mm clearance height shall
be required.
5. Each battery rack shall require 30 sq.m space.
6. For each Workstation 3 sq.m is required.
** Out of the 4 workstations, two are operator consoles, one each for PDS

and 3rd party analytics. Hence, based on the space availability, PDS and
Analytics Workstations may be kept in another room, in that case the
space requirement would be less.

8 Racks for URTDSM

Eqmt

1 2 3 4 5 6 78

EXISTING SCADA
CONTROL ROOM

ROOM

SERVER ROOM

COMMUNICATION

Typical Layout of RLDC Control Room

APS ROOM
Conference
ROOM

Note:

In Control Room of RLDC - 48 sq.m (Typically 4 workstation desks)

In Server Room of RLDC - 48 sq.m (Typically 8 racks)

In Aux Power Supply (UPS) Room 60 sq.m (Typically 6 Panels)

Battery Room - 60 sq.m (Typically 2 racks)

6 Racks for URTDSM

1 2 3 4 5 6
EXISTING SCADA
CONTROL ROOM

ROOM

SERVER ROOM

COMMUNICATION

Typical Layout of SLDC Control Room

APS ROOM
Conference
ROOM

Note:

In Control Room of SLDC - 48 sq.m (Typically 4workstation desks)

In Server Room of SLDC - 40 sq.m (Typically 6 racks)

In Aux Power Supply (UPS) Room 60 sq.m (Typically 6 Panels)

Battery Room - 60 sq.m (Typically 2 racks)

Preparations needed/ Information required from Constituents

Arrangement of Aux power supply from Station DC for PMU

DC voltage : 110v/220V DC
Load : 200W per panel consisting of up to 4 PMUs
Space availability for installation of new UPS system /ACDB
/Battery bank.

Thank You

EXISTING PMU Pilot

DETAILS

Pilot projects being undertaken by

other RLDCs

All PMU Locations

S
N

Northern
Region

Southern
Region

Western
Region

North
Eastern
Region

Eastern
Region

Agra

Gajuwaka

Asoj

2
3
4

Bassi
Dadri HVDC
Hissar

Gooty
Kolar
Narendra

Bhadravati
Bina (MP)
Boisar

Kanpur

Ramagundam

Dehgam

Moga
HVDC Vindhychal,
Kishenpur
Meerut
Balia
Rihand
Bawana
Karcham
13
Wangtoo HEP

Somanhalli
Sriperumbdur
Thrissur
Tirunelveli
Vijaywada

Itarsi
Jabalpur
Kalwa
Korba
Raipur
Rgppl
Satna

Biharshar
if
Binaguri
Durgapur
Farakka
Jamshed
pur
Jeypore
Patna
Ranchi
Rengali
Rourkela
Sasaram
Talcher

Solapur

14 Mahendragarh

15

6
7
8
9
10
11
12

Vindhyachal
(WR)
Mundra APL

Agratala
Badarpur
Balipara
Bongoigaon
Imphal
Misa
Nehu
Sarusajai

20

All Loactions of PMUs Pilot

Projects
Total no of PMUs

- 59

Nos.
(including 3 nos. PMU
installed by IPPs)
Region wise PMUs:
NR - 14 Nos
WR - 15 Nos
ER - 12 Nos
SR - 10 Nos
NER 08 Nos
At present data from
44 PMUs are available
at NLDC PDC.

14-11-2013

Experience of Upscaling to
National Pilot Project

In addition to above
data from 4 PMUs
installed as demo
project is also
available

21

National Synchrophasors Pilot Project Architecture

NLDC

PDC

Console

Historian

Router

14 PMUs
PDC/Console

NR

PDC/Console

10 PMUs

SR

PDC/Console

12 PMUs

ER

PDC/Console

15 PMUs

WR

8 PMUs
PDC/Console

NER
22

Phasor Measurement Units

Data reporting rate adjustable from 10 to 50 samples per

second.
IRIG B input for GPS connection
Inputs
2 sets of three phase voltages
2 sets of three phase current
8 or more digital inputs.
Measuring values
Frequency
Rate of change of frequency (ROCOF)
Voltage phasors pahse as well as +ve sequence
Current phasors
MW
MVAR
23

Phasor Data Concentrator/Historian

Configured reporting rate - 25 samples per
second i.e. 40 mili sec per sample
Communication protocol from PMU to PDC
IEEE C37.118:2005.
Output stream IEEE C37.118, IEC 670.5- 104
Data exchange ODBC, OLE
Software PDC on Intel servers.
Web based visualization.
Separate Historian on Intel Server and SAN for
storage
Historian with web-based visulization
24

Technology of URTDSM
Project:

URTDSM Project is based on Wide Area Measurement

System (WAMS) Technology, which involves
measurement of phase angle between various nodes
of the power system accurately using Phasor
Measurement Units (PMUs).
These PMUs shall be installed in the substations/power
plants, and they measure the parameters such as
voltage, current, phase angle and rate of change of
frequency etc., and report these values to the Phasor
Data Concentrators (PDCs) located at various Control
Centers.
Phase angle measurement helps in better Visualization
& increase the situational awareness of Power System
Operators.

Technology of URTDSM
Project:

The components of WAMS are Phasor Measurement

Units (PMUs), Phasor Data Concentrators (PDCs),
Visualization Aids, Application and Analysis modules,
data archiving and storage etc.
Analytical Softwares such as Linear State
Estimator/Monitor, Supervised Zone-3 Blocking,
CT/CVT calibration and Model Validation utilize PMU
data for better grid management and planning
Application of WAMS technology using Phasor
Measurement Unit (PMU), integrated with Phasor Data
Concentrators (PDC) provide planners and operators
and other stake holders, the tools to handle the
upcoming challenges of Power Sector.

Technology of URTDSM
Project:

The above scheme shall enable synchronous

measurement of real time grid parameters across the
widely spread grid with low latency in data transfer to
control centres which would be very efective in
reliable, secure and economical grid operation.
It would facilitate integration of large quantum of
intermittent and variable renewable generation into
the grid.
This shall also facilitate to estimate the transmission
capability in a more realistic way which shall bring
efficiency in operation as well as economy in cost of
power supply.

Existing VPS
MODULE

PDS Server

FROM PMUs AND HEIRARCHICAL PDCs

GPS

WORK
STATION # 2

WORK
STATION

Analytics
Server

SPDC Server

PDS VLAN
ROUTER
PDC LAN
INFRASTURUCTURE MANAGEMENT LAN
LAN FOR
REMOTE
CONSOLES

FIREWALL

Remote
Consoles

ROUTER

Network Architecture
For Main & Backup NLDCs

NMS cum CMC, Patch

Management & Identity
SERVER

HISTORIAN LAN

DATA
HISTORIAN
SERVER
HISTORIAN *

NAS BOX

* Storage Area Network (SAN) based

Storage or any other specialized
Storage Solution of Minimum 500 TB
for storing one year PMU Data
** Storage system of min 1 TB for
storing analytical applications
results.

COLOR LASER
PRINTER

ANALYTIC APPS LAN

ROUTER

SERVER FOR
ANALYTICA
L

DATA
HISTORIAN
SERVER**

WORK
STATION #1

FIREWALL
FOR
ANALYTICAL
APPLICATIO
N

URTDSM - Typical equipment to be installed in Control Room of NLDC

No of workstations 4
Color laser printer
Furniture
URTDSM - Typical equipment to be installed in Server Room of NLDC
No of Servers 11 (PDC, Historian & Infra management)
SAN storage system of 500 TB
NAS Storage System of 6 TB
Storage System for Analytical apps of 1TB
Firewalls 3
No of WAN routers 7
No of LAN Switches - 10

Typical Equipment for Aux power supply in NLDC

120 KVA UPS running in parallel 2 Nos
Battery Bank 2 Nos
Input ACDBs 2 Nos of 600 & 150 kVA rating
Output ACDBs 2 Nos of 400 & 100 kVA rating
Isolation transformer and other accessories

Space Requirement in NLDC for URDTSM Project

In Control Room of NLDC - 50 sq.m (Typically two workstation desks)
In Server Room of NLDC - 68 sq.m (Typically 10 racks)
In Aux Power Supply (UPS) Room 72 sq.m (Typically 6 Panels)
Battery Room - 80 sq.m (Typically 2 racks)
Note:
1. Atleast 1 m space shall be required on Server racks front and rear side.
2. Server Panels shall be 42 U i.e., a height of 2200 mm + 1000 mm
clearance height shall be required.
3. For each Workstation 3 sq.m is required.
4. Atleast 2 m space shall be required on the UPS Panels front & rear side.
5. UPS Panels shall have a height of 1200 mm + 1000 mm clearance height
shall be required.
6. Each battery rack shall require 40 sq.m space.

10 Racks for URTDSM

Eqmt

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
EXISTING SCADA
CONTROL ROOM

ROOM

SERVER ROOM

COMMUNICATION

Typical Layout of NLDC Control Room

APS ROOM
Conference
ROOM

Note:

In Control Room of NLDC - 50 sq.m (Typically two workstation desks)

In Server Room of NLDC - 68 sq.m (Typically 10 racks)

In Aux Power Supply (UPS) Room 72 sq.m (Typically 6 Panels)

Battery Room - 80 sq.m (Typically 2 racks)

Communication Network Availability for Phase-I

Communication Availability at Substations of
Phase-I URTDSM
Sr
No.

Availability status

NR

ER

NER SR WR

Available / Ready by
June'14

73

14

43

16

By Aug'14

28

25

21

32

By April'15

14

58

19

Total

115

83

14

73

67

Letter to Member Secretary

Letter to Member Secretary

PMU Locations
1. Andhra Pradesh

PMU Locations

PMU Locations

Central sector..

Central sector

Central sector

Central sector

Thank You

INDIAN POWER SECTOROVERVIEW

All figs. in MW
NR
NER

ER
WR

SR

ONE NATION ONE GRID

30.06.2014 Source: CEA

Installed
Capacity
249.5 GW
High
Energy
deficit of
13.9%
(Dec12) &
Avg of
8.7% in
FY11-12

Power
sector to
Grow
@10%

Peak
Demand
135,918 MW
app.
High Deficit
of 8.1%
(Apr13) &
Avg. of 4.5 %
in FY 13-14
Per capita
consumptio
n for 201213approx
917.18 kWh
Econom
y to
grow @
44
7-8%

INSTALLED CAPACITY IN
INDIA

Installed Capacity in India

2
- 49488MW

72422
177066

Source: CEA
(As on 30.06.2014)

Conventional Sources of
Energy
Renewable Sources of
Energy- Including Hydro
Capacity 40730 MW

45

Issues & Challenges in System

Operation

Vast Transmission Expansion & its operation

Open and growing
power trading

electricity

market

&

Integration of large scale intermittent &

variable renewable generation into grid
Steady state view of Transmission Network
No phase angle measurement in real time
critical parameter
Presently high Latency(delay) and time
Necessitates Real time measurements and monitoring of 46
Grid
skewed
system
data
monitored
through
parameters to capture dynamic behavior for improved

What is WAMS?
The technology of direct
measurement of phasors across a
power system i.e., magnitude and
angles
Global synchronization of
measurements by GPS (Global
Positioning System)
Synchrophasor measurements are to

WAMS: Motivation behind the

technology
Vast Transmission Expansion & its operation
Open and growing
power trading

electricity

market

&

Integration of large scale intermittent &

variable renewable generation into grid
Steady state view of Transmission Network
No phase angle measurement in real time
critical parameter
Presently high Latency(delay) and time
Necessitates
Real system
time measurements
and monitoring
of 48
Grid
skewed
data monitored
through
parameters

to

capture

dynamic

behavior

for

improved

Phase angle
diferences

SCADA vs. PMU

Open
Close
Close
Close

~
V
P
Q
Hz

Several
Seconds
to a
Minute

milli
secs
to sec

KV
MW
MVAR
Hz

Network model
State Estimator

Traditionally developed for

accommodating old information
technology regime (Slow
communication, data without
time stamp)

Made possible for all round

development in technologies

PMU Technology
Enhanced Situational Awareness to Monitor & Control
Health of the Grid

Grid Stress
Grid Robustness
Oscillations

Phase Angular Separation

Damping Status and Trend(s)
Sustained oscillations High Mode

Frequency

Energy
Frequency Variation Across

Instability
Voltage Stability

Interconnection
Low Voltage Zones / Voltage

Angular Stability

Sensitivities
Power-angle Sensitivities,

Margin (s)

stability
How far from the threshold

WAMS Technology

At Sub Station
Control Room
Communication
Equipment

PMU
-1
CT /
PT

PMU
-2

Rout
er

PMU
-3

CT /
CT /
PT
PT
Control & Relay
Panel

PMUs measure (synchronously):

Voltages and Currents with Phase Angles
frequency
Rate of change of frequency
PMU data reporting rates:
Data reported at 25 Samples per second

PMU
-n
CT /
PT

WAMS Technology
WAMS (Wide Area Measurement System)
means Real Time, Synchronized Data
Acquisition used to Dynamically Control,
Monitor, and Manage Power Grid Network
Performance.
PM
U

PM
U

PM
U

PM
U

PM
U
PM
U

PM
U

PM
U
PM
U

ALL LOCATIONS OF PMUS PILOT

PROJECTS
Total no of PMUs - 60
Nos.
(including 3 nos. PMU
installed by IPPs)
Region wise PMUs:
NR - 14 Nos
WR - 16 Nos
ER - 12 Nos
SR - 10 Nos
NER 08 Nos
At present data from
54 PMUs are available
at NLDC PDC.
In addition to above
data 9 PMUs installed
as demo project is also
available.

Experience from PMU Pilot

Projects
The Synchrophasor data is currently being used in
diferent regions for the following applications:
Visualization of
Magnitude, angle of all three voltage/current phasor
Sequence components of voltage/current phasor
Frequency & Frequency diference
Rate of change of frequency
Angular separation between pair of nodes
1-phase auto reclosing in EHV transmission line
Subsystem synchronization during restoration by
using standing phase angle separation and phase
sequence
Forensic analysis of faults/grid incidents
Post Dispatch Analysis of Gird Operation
Detection and Analysis of Oscillations in Power
System

Experience from PMU Pilot

Projects
Inter area oscillations were observed, and were captured by the WAMS
system of NR.

The phase angle across nodes has helped in determining the stress in the
grid and its proximity to instability.

On further analysis of frequency data, from PMU it has been experienced

that diference in frequency exist at diferent locations even in the
synchronous system and this diference is very pronounced during
transients, tripping of generating unit or major load throw of conditions.
Such diference in frequency was not visualized through SCADA system due
to 10 second data.

High rate of change in frequency of the order of +1 Hz to 1.5 Hz were also

observed during initial fault period, which dies down after 100 to 120
millisecs.

Oscillations observed in NER PMU on 11.08.13

At 23:35:07 Hrs, 63 MVAR Bus-Reactor II at 400 kV Silchar(PG) was taken into service.
Bus Voltage changed from 414 kV to 402 kV.
Low frequency oscillations were observed in the NER PMUs Voltage Plots.

R-Phase
voltage of 220
kV Misa PMU

Reactor
Switchin
g

R-Phase voltage
of 132 kV Imphal
PMU

R-Phase voltage of
132 kV Badarpur
PMU

T=160
secs

SIMULATION STUDY RESULT(USING PSS/E)

The same event was analysed using PSS/E and results were found to be
coherent with PMU Plots.
Switching-on
of 63 MVAR
BR-II at
Silchar(PG)

Tripping of Doyang
U#2 (25MW) and 132
kV Dimapur
Doyang II

MULTIPLE TRIPPING AT DADRI ON

24.09.13

Due to bursting of 11 kV distribution Transformer ,3-Phase fault occurred in 400 kV DadriMuradnagar line.
Further due to tripping of LT drives at 400 kV Dadri station Unit-4,5 & 6 tripped at Dadri
Thermal Power station.

Voltage dip observed in

all 3-Phases

COMPLETE BLACKOUT AT 220 KV

SAMAYPUR(BBMB) STATION ON
16.09.13

SAMAYPUR(BBMB) STATION
ON 16.09.13(CONTD.)

FARAKKA PMU ON 23.09.13

On 23.09.13,at 1434 hrs, in order to de-synchronise the unit load of DSTPS(DVC)-U#2 was
being reduced.
The governor started hunting in this operation.
To disconnect immediately, the operator initiated MFT (Master Fuel Trip) while the unit
Voltage Plot
generation was around 120 MW.

Voltage Plot
Oscillations of 0.5 Hz
for 2 min. duration

Frequency Plot

Modal
Analysis

ODISHA CYCLONE (PHAILIN)

MONITORING
Severe Cyclone
Phailin near
Gopalpur in Odisha
on 12.10.13
evening.
wind speed of
200kmph causing
severe damage to
the distribution
network of
PMU plots of
Voltage &
Frequency(captured
by Talcher

Voltage Plot

Frequency
Plot

df/dt plot

Experience from PMU Pilot

Projects

Trend Display of Current Phasor

Post
synchronizatio
n experience in
Indian Grid
(Insight - NEW & SR Grid
synchronization)

SPS operation During the

Oscillation
Reason for SPS signal generation:
Violation of 400MW/s limit on
765kV Solapur-Raichur ckt I power
flow
Efect:
In WR

KSK back down by 126 MW

JPL back down by 25 MW

In SR

load shedding by 423 MW

Oscillation got damped after the

SPS Operation.

Analysis of the Synchrophasor

Data
For the purpose of analysis data
divided into 2 parts:
Duration A-prior to SPS operation:
20:03:25.000-20:04:08.000 Hrs

Summary of Analaysis
Duration A (20:03:25.000 Hrs
20:04:08.000 Hrs)
Sr.
Mode 1
Mode 2
LFO Dam LFO Dam
no.
Signal
(Hz) ping (Hz) ping
ratio
ratio
1 Frequenc 0.23 0.04 0.19 0.00
y
5
04
08
74
2 Duration
Vr
0.03 0.19
B 0.22
(20:04:12.000
Hrs 0.04

54
53Hrs) 00
05
20:04:52.000
3
P
0.21 0.05
0.19 0.06
Sr.
Mode
Damping
Signal
8LFO (Hz)
78
73
49
no.
Ratio
1 Frequenc
0.205
0.034
y
2
Vr
0.2074
0.03764
3
P
0.212
0.0506

Mode propagation path

Determination

Mode propagation path Based on

Correlation

Observations
Power flow variation on the link is
bidirectional and is very sensitive to the
changes occurring in either of the
connected grid.
Till 26-02-2014 , SPS linked with this link
operated for 56 number of times.
With SPS operation also the 0.2 Hz
observed in the NEWS grid.

is

Damping time 0.2 Hz observed is in

URTDSM Project (Phase-I) Summary

Installation of PMUs at substations/generating stations and

PDCc at Load Despatch centres with associated facilities

Project : Unified Real Time Dynamic State Measurement Scheme

Objective:To

Scope

enhance situational awareness and visualisation

of power system state on real time basis for improved
operational and planning efficiency of the grid
i. Installation of Phasor Measurement Units (PMU) [1186
nos.] at substations/generating stations of ISTS/STU
connected through OPGW network
ii. Installation of Phasor Data Concentrators (PDC) at
SLDCs/RLDCs/NLDC/NTAMC (34 nos.)
iii. Development of analytical software using PMU data in
association with IIT bombey.
72

URTDSM Project- PH-I (Consists of Two

Packages)
Package 1

Package 2

NLDC -2

RLDC 2

RLDC 3

SLDC 9

SLDC - 17

Station- 140

NLDC

NTAMC 1

Back up NLDC

PMUs - 530

Station- 211
PMUs - 656

NRLDC

NERLDC

NTAMC

WRLDC

ERLDC

SRLDC

PG SS

SLDCs
Arunachal
Assam
Meghalaya

Stn

PMU 13

SLDCs
UP
Rajasthan
HP
Uttarakhand
Haryana
Delhi
J&K
Punjab
BBMB

CS

SLDCs
West Bengal
DVC
Orissa
Bihar
Jharkhand

CS

SLDCs
MP
Maharashtra
Gujarat
Chattisgarh

CS

SLDCs
AP
Tamil nadu
Kerala
Karnataka
+1

CS

CS

41

74

31

51

18

49

16

57

36

12
0

20
6

79

20
2

71

23
4

47

17
8

Data Flow
SKEW
In ms
(commun
ication+p
rocessing
)

220

NLDC
NLDC

30

ERLD
C

WRLDC

NRLDC

National
Level

SRLD
C

NERLDC

Region
Level

State HQ
Level

SLDC

SLDC

SLDC

135

Strategic PDC

Strategic PDC

Strategic PDC

Group of
Distt.
Level

100

PMU

PMU

PMU

Plant/Sub
Station
Level

35
ms

175

PMU

PMU

URTDSM System Hierarchy

URTDSM System Hierarchy

Super PDC
at Back up NLDC

Super PDC
at NLDC

Super PDC
at NTAMC

Remote Consoles at
CEA (3)

Remote Consoles
at RPC (5), UT(3),
States(5)

Super PDCs at five RLDCs

L-3 LAN Switch

PMU-1

PMU-n

Master PDCs at Strategic

Location in State (1)

Master PDCs at SLDCs (25)

PMUs located at
POWERGRID Substations
L-3 LAN Switch

PMU -1

PMU- n

PMUs located at State

Sector Substations

L-3 LAN Switch

PMU -1

PMU- n

L-3 LAN Switch

PMU -1

PMU- n

PMUs located at IPPs PMUs located at Central

across the Grid
Sector Substations

Comparison of scope with ULDC Upgradation

Projects
ULDC Upgradation
Project

URTDSM Project

Technology

SCADA/EMS & RTUs

Synchrophasor technology (PDCs

and Analytical Software & PMUs)

Major scope

One region in a project

involving 5 to 6 Control
Centers

Nationwide Project in all Regions

involving 34 Control Centers
(NLDCs, RLDCs, SLDCs, NTAMC and
Strategic location in State)

No of end point
locations

Typically 10-15 for new

RTUs

Around 350 substations across India

No of end point
equipment

Typically 20 RTUs

1186 PMUs

Data
measurement

Voltage, MW, MVAR

Voltage, Current, Phasor Angle, MW,

MVAR

Data reporting

Every 10 seconds typical

Every 40 milliseconds for 25

samples/s

Earlier experience

ULDC Phase-I
implemented and
currently in operation.

First of its kind and size in the

World. Implemented only few PMUs
through pilot projects in India.

Major challenges

Integration of diferent
Vendor subsystems.

Very large Historian sizing in view

of faster reporting data by PMUs

DEVELOPMENT OF ANALYTICAL
SOFTWARE

An MoU has been signed on with IIT

Bombay for

Development of Analytical Softwares.

A number of Software Analytical Functions

have been identified based on the need
of Indian Power Sector and with the help
of the Panel of Experts.

12/31/16

Vulnerability analysis of relay

Dynamic/Linear State Estimator

Supervised Zone-3 distance protection scheme

to prevent unwanted tripping

On line CVT parameter validation

Emergency control schemes for controlling

frequency and voltage instabilities

78

Benefits of WAMS Technology in Grid

Operation
In-depth insight in to Power System behavior & Elements
Brings efficiency in operation as well as economy .
This will enable efficient calibration of measuring equipment.
It would facilitate integration of large quantum of intermittent and
variable renewable generation into the grid.
Enables synchronous measurement of real time grid parameters
across the widely spread grid with low latency in data transfer to
control centers which would be very efective in reliable, secure and
economical grid operation.
Provides more intelligent/dynamic information to Special Protection
Schemes which will be a step towards self-healing Grids.
Further the WAMS Data shall be used for Power System Planning and
will help in better planning of the Power System in the Country.

Benefits of WAMS
Technology to the Society
The benefits of PMU / WAMS for the smart grid are
substantial. These benefits will result from
improvements in the following key value areas:

Reliability by reducing the occurrence of

interruptions and power quality disturbances and
reducing the probability and consequences of
widespread blackouts

Economy & Efficiency Near capacity use of

Elements & Grid
Environmental by reducing emissions by
enabling a larger penetration of renewable and
improving efficiency of generation, delivery, and

Future Plans
PMU Installation in next phase
DSA at Main & Backup NLDCNational Level.
WAMs Based Protection System
(Subject to availability of Desired
Communication Infrastructure).

URTDSM PHASE -II

SCOPE:
Installation of approximately 554 PMUs at Substations and Power
Plants
Installation of 11530 Km of OPGW and associated items mainly on
state/ other utilities lines
Installation of 326 nos. of SDH equipments and associated items at
substations and Power Plants
Installation of 215 nos. of Auxiliary Power Supply Equipments at
substations and Power Plants.
The revised cost estimate is Rs.437.17 Crore at February, 2014
price level.
.for Phase II of URTDSM scheme, while granting in principle approval of PMUs,
CERC directed the petitioner to consolidate laying of Optical Fiber Cable
Communications with GSES and other communication requirement in consultation with
CEA before submitting the scheme to commission.

NLDC-DSA
DSA shall help to increase the situational
awareness regarding the operational security and
stability. It shall simulate electro-mechanical
transients in power systems while performing
system wide stability assessment. DSA shall be
able to perform various analysis listed as below:
Voltage Stability Assessment
Transient Stability Assessment
Load Flow Analysis
The system shall automatically recognize:
Voltage stability problems
Transient stability problems
Poorly damped power swings
Asset overloading
The system shall be able to simulate the realistic

Wideband Communication
POWERGRID
established
Wideband
Communication Network as a part of Unified
Load Despatch and Communication (ULDC)
Project comprising of Fiber Optic Communication
and Digital microwave Communication System.
Fiber Optic Communication System was based
primarily on Aerial Cables i.e. OPGW cable and
few links on ADSS and Wrap Around Cable
technology.
Majority of the installations of Aerial Cables was
carried out
using Live Line Installation
Technique.

REQUIREMENT FOR SUPPORTING

PRESENT POWER SYSTEM NEEDS
High Bandwidth
High Reliability
High Availability
Security of highest order
Least latency
86

SMART TRANSMISSIONCOMMUNICATION SYSTEM

OPGW
Implementing OPGW based Communication System under various project such as
Microwave Replacement Project (MRP), Fibre Optic Expansion Projects (FEP) and
other projects
Around 35000kms of OPGW under implementation
Around 65000kms of OPGW network to be implemented to meet the requirement

COMMUNICATION EQUIPMENT
Communication equipment with minimum bit rate of STM-4/
STM-16 is being implemented as part of expansion network for nodes falling in linear
section and ring network respectively.
Provision for both E1 & Ethernet interface in the OLTE equipment
Both equipment protection as well as path protection

NETWORK FOR FUTURE

OPGW based communication network best suited to
meet the communication requirement of Power System
Implementation of ring network wherever feasible
SDH based communication network to meet the
communication requirement of new technologies
Provision of both E1 & Ethernet interfaces

a
d
in

n
e
tt

n
o
ti

k
r
u
o
y
r
fo ase
ple

sodha@powergridindia.com