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Design & Manufacturing

Mechanical Engineering
NIT Silchar

Presented By Scholar No.

Kabin Kumar Bora 14-22-217

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17

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Presentation Layout
Introduction
Application of US vibration
Laser Cutting
Laser Scribing
Laser Drilling
Results and Discussions
Conclusion
References

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17

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Introduction
Importance of Surface finish
Ultrasonic (US) Vibration assisted machining
US vibration prevents
Oxidation
Recast layer
Local energy concentration

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17

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Application of US Vibration
In laser machining:
Laser Cutting (nanosecond laser )
Laser Scribing (nanosecond laser )
Laser Drilling (femtosecond laser )
Other process
Turning,Tapping, deburring, grinding, EDM

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17

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Mechanism of re-deposition
Breakdown of lattice
Formation of Plasma
Secondary heating
Re-deposition of nanoparticles

Fig. 1. Concept of laser ablation processes by (a)

conventional method and (b) ultrasonic vibration
applied method
(Source: Bongchul Kang, Gun Woo Kim, Minyang
Yang, Sung-Hak Cho , 2012)
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17
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With US vibration
Heated air is cooled down
Heat transfer is increased
Temperature drop of re-deposited nanoparticles
Interfacial adhesion weakened

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17

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A. Laser Scribing
Low heat generation
Bottom surface is under consideration
Worse surface finish with higher pulse energy

Fig. 2. AFM and SEM images of wall surfaces

(Source: Kang, Kim, Yang, Sung-Hak Cho , 2012)
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17
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B. Laser Cutting
Series of repeating laser scribing
More heat energy is generated
Re-deposition due to high interfacial adhesion
With USV, adhesion decreases

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17

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Fig 3: AFM result of side wall surface createdbby laser cutting

(Source: Kang, Kim, Yang, Sung-Hak Cho , 2012)
Effect on chemical composition:
c
Elements Without vibration (%) With vibration(%)
Carbon 9.8 10.0
Oxygen 30.9 11.0
Ferrite 59.3 79.0
Total 100.00 100.00
Table 1: Numerical results of EDS containing element %
(Source: Kang, Kim, Yang, Sung-Hak Cho , 2012)
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17
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C. Laser drilling
High precision and minimal thermal damage
Generation of Nano size droplet and Nano-joining
Vibrating objective lens improves

i. surface finish and

ii.prevent formation of burrs

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17

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Fig 4 SEM images of deposited materials of wall surface by femtosecond laser

machining (a) without vibration assistance (b)vibration assistance
(Source: Jung-Kyu Park , Ji-Wook Yoon , Sung-Hak Cho, 2012)

Fig. 5 SEM images of the hole at the entrance (a) without vibration assistance and
(b) with vibration assistance (Source: Park , Ji-Wook Yoon , Sung-Hak Cho, 2012)
Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17
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Conclusion
US vibration applied surface improvement can
contribute to the development of precision machining
Experimental verification of smoother surface with US
vibration
Effects of US vibration were more distinct in repetitive
ablation processes
Surface oxidation was prevented and reduction of
burrs

Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17

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References
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1. Bongchul Kang, Gun Woo Kim, Minyang Yang, Sung-Hak Cho , Jong-Kweon
Park , A study on the effect of ultrasonic vibration in nanosecond laser
machining , Optics and Lasers in Engineering 50 (2012) 18171822
2. Jung-Kyu Park , Ji-Wook Yoon , Sung-Hak Cho , Vibration assisted femtosecond
laser machining on metal Optics and Lasers in Engineering 50 (2012) 833837
3. Jing Liu , Deyuan Zhang , Longgang Qin , Linsong Yan , Feasibility study of the
rotary ultrasonic elliptical machining of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP)
, International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 53 (2012) 141150
4. Chandra Nath, M. Rahman, S.S.K. Andrew, A study on ultrasonic vibration
cutting of low alloy steel , Journal of Materials Processing Technology 192193
(2007) 159165
5. R. C. Skelton, Effect of ultrasonic vibration on The turning process int. J.
Mach. Tool Des. Res. Vol. 9, pp. 363 374

22/02/17
Department Of mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar
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6. H. Onikural, 0. Ohnishi, Y. Take, Fabrication of Micro Carbide Tools by

Ultrasonic Vibration Grinding , int. J. Mach. Tool Des. Res. Vol. 12, pp. 567-575
7. M.A. Kadivar , J. Akbari , R. Yousefi , A. Rahi , M.Ghahramani Nick ,
Investigating the effects of vibration method on ultrasonic-assisted drilling of
Al/SiCp metal matrix composites Robotics and Computer-Integrated
Manufacturing 30 (2014) 344350
8. Chandra Nath, M. Rahman, Effect of machining parameters in ultrasonic
vibration cutting , International Journal of Machine Tools & Manufacture 48
(2008) 965974
9. Kei-Lin Kuo, Experimental investigation of ultrasonic vibration-assisted
tapping, Journal of Materials Processing Technology 192193 (2007) 306311
10. Woo-Jin Kim1, Fei Lu1, Sung-Hak Cho2 , Jong-Kweon Park2, Moon G. Lee,
Design and Optimization of Ultrasonic Vibration Mechanism using PZT for
Precision Laser Machining Physics Procedia 19 (2011) 258264

22/02/17
Department Of mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar
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Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, NIT Silchar 22/02/17