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Distance vs Time Graphs Reaction Force: Frictional Force: Drag: This is friction from Velocity vs Time Graphs

This is the equal Friction slows thing fliuds (liquid or gas), if the
and opposite down, think of it as grip. gas is air it is sometimes
force Sometimes it is useful called air resistance, It
when reaction and sometimes it is a depends on speed and surface
two nuisance. It can change area
objects up to a maximum eg
are when pulling something Terminal Velocity: This is the
touching across the table, but it constant speed reached when
doesnt disappear when drag = weight. If you change
you pull something hard your shape when falling you
weight enough to beat it. can change your terminal
velocity. (open a parachute)
Newtons 2nd law of Motion: an object
with unbalanced forces acting on it will Resultant Force 1. acceleration
accelerate in the direction of the is the overall
resultant force force acting on
an object. It is
Weight
the single force Drag
2.Terminal
which has the
Velocity
Speed is how fast 500N 100N same effect as
velocity is how fast in a all the other
certain direction forces acting on
it Weight
Resultant =
400N 3. deceleration
Gravity: the
attractive force
P2a Forces Drag

which acts between


any two masses. and Their Force
*Area under vel time
graphs gives the distance
On earth gravity or
*The slope of a distance
Gravitational field
strength 10 N/kg
Effects
Newtons 1 law of
st

Motion: an object with Mass x accel W


travelled

time graph gives the balanced forces acting on *The slope gives the
and acceleration due
velocity of the moving it will stay still if already 4. Lower Weight acceleration
to gravity 10 m/s2 Drag
object still. But if it is moving will Terminal
always have the
same value. stay moving at a constant Velocity
speed in a straight line
Weight is the force of
Distance Changein
gravity pulling a mass Weight
down it is measured in velocity
Speed x time Weight Mass is the amount of
Newtons (N) Acc x time
matter a body is made
Speed and velocity in in m/s Mass x gravity from it is measured in
Kilograms (Kg) Acceleration in m/s2
Collisions: Explosions:

Momentum
mass x velocity

Total momentum before = Total momentum after =


(80 x 6 ) + (40 x 0) = 480 (80+40) x v
Stopping distance
So 480 = 120 x v Answer: v = 4m/s Total stopping distance = Thinking distance + Braking distance

Hookes Law: extension of


Momentum: is property of Conservation of Momentum: the total momentum a spring is proportional to
moving objects which is before a collision or explosion is the same as the Energy
the force on the end
calculated total momentum after a collision or explosion. So
momentum = mass x velocity. long as no other forces are acting. F=kxe
Force

extension
The unit of momentum is kgm/s mass A x velocity A = Mass B x velocity B Power x time
spring
Gravitational Potential energy: constant x extension
Kinetic Energy: The energy Force
Grav of movement. More energy if When energy is transferred to an
Kinetic
potential more mass and going faster. energy object and it gains height, we say we Energy Conservation Falling
energy have done work against gravity. It Object changes gravitational
Measured in Joules (J)
Ek = mass x velocity2 . has gained gravitational potential potential energy into Kinetic
Weight x height Mass x vel2
energy. Measured in Joules (J). Energy. loss in Ep = the gain in Ek
Work = force x distance moved in
Car safety: The force
the direction of the force big thinking Big braking
on a passenger will be
Ep = weight x height distance distance
large if there is a large
change in momentum in a Faster speed Faster speed
Power: is the rate of
short time. The key to
transfer of energy. Drugs/alcohol Poor
safety is to extend the Work
Measured in Watts tyres/brakes
time of impact to reduce
(W) Older /tired Wet/ icy road
the force. This is done
by: seat belts stretch a Force x dist
little, crumple zones at Work done: When energy is transferred we say we have
Braking a car: The kinetic energy, Ek is transferred to the done work. Work is measured in Joules (J)
the front and rear, air
brakes, we say the brakes have done work Work = force x distance moved in the direction of the
bags to cushion the
Ek = mass x velocity2 = braking force x stopping distance force
impact.

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