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Sistem Manufaktur dan Teknologi

Perakitan

Agus Riyanto, Ir., MM


DAMAR PUTRA PRASTYA : 4312210100
MUHAMMAD SULAIMAN : 4312210107
Industrial Trucks
Industrial trucks are divided into two categories: nonpowered and powered. The
nonpowered

types are often referred to as hand trucks because they are pushed or pulled
by human
workers. Quantities of material moved and distances are relatively low when
this type of
equipment is used to nanspor t materials. Hand trucks are classified as either
two-wheel or
multiple-wheel.
Automated Guided Vehicle
Systems
An automated guided vehicle system (AGVS) is a material handling system that uses
independently
operated, self-propelled vehicles guided along defined pathways. The vehicles
arc powered by on-board batteries that allow many hours of operation (8-16 hr is
typical) between recharging. A distinguishing feature of an AGVS. compared to rail guid
ed vehicle systems and most conveyor systems, is that the pathways are unobtrusive,
An
AOVS is appropriate where different materials are rnovco from various load points to
various
unload points. An AGVS is therefore suitable for automating material handling in
batch production and mixed model production.
Monorails and Other Rail
Guided Vehicles
The third category of material transport equipment consists of motorized vehicles that are
guided by a fixed rail system. The rail system consists of either one rail (called a monorail)
or two parallel rails. Monorails in tacrones and warehouses are typically suspended overhead
from the ceiling. In rail guided vehicle systems using parallel fixed rails, the tracks generally
protrude up from the floor. In either case, the presence of a fixed rail pathway
distinguishes these systems from automated guided vehicle systems. As with AGVs, the
vehicles
operate asynchronously and are driven by an on-board electric motor. But unlike
AGVs, which are powered by their own on-board batteries, rail guided vehicles pick up
electrical power from an electrified rail (similar to an urban rapid transit rail system).This
relieves the vehicle from periodic recharging of its battery; however, the electrified rail
system introduces a safety hazard not present in an AGVS.
Convevor Systems
Conveyors are used when material must he moved in relatively large quantities between
specific locations over a fixed path. The fixed path is implemented by a track system, which
may be in-the-Floor. above-the-Floor, or overhead. Conveyors divide into two basic
categories:
(I) powered and (2) non-powered. In powered conveyors, the power mechanism is
contained in the fixed path, using chains. belts, rotating rolls, or other devices to propel
loads along the path. Powered conveyors arc commonly used in automated material
transport
systems in manufacturing plants, warehouses, and distribution centers. lnnon-powered
conveyors. materials are moved either manually by human workers who push the loads
along the fixed path or by gravity from one elevation to a lower elevation.
Crane and Hoists
The fifth category of transport equipment in material handling consists of
cranes and hoists.
Cranes are used for horizontal movement of materials in a facility, and hoists
are used for
vertical lifting. A crane invariably includes a hoist; thus. the hoist component
of the crane
lifts the load, and the crane transports the load horizontally to the desired
destination. This
class of material handling equipment includes cranes capable of lifting and
moving very
heavy loads, in some cases over 100 tons.
Analysis of Material
Transport Systems
Charting techniques are helpful for visualizing the movement of materials. and
quantitative
models are useful for analyzing material !low rates, delivery cycle times, and other
aspects
of performance. Research on these analysis methods is encouraged and supported by
the College Industry Council on Material Handling Education (CICMHE) and the Material
Handling Institute (MHI)I, which hold a semiannual Research Colloquium whose
Proceedings
[11] are available through MHI. In this section, we discuss the following:
(1) charting techniques in material handling, (2) analysis of vehicle-based systems, and
(3)
conveyor analysis,

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