You are on page 1of 31

Carbohydra

tes
Water Proteins

CLASS
Fibre ES OF Fats

FOOD

Vitamins
Minerals
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates are food substances consisting of carbon ,
hydrogen and oxygen in their molecules . The H:O ratio in
carbohydrate molecules is 2:1.
Carbohydrates can be divided into the groups of
substances:
Sugar
Starch
Cellulose
Glycogen
Carbohydrates supply the body with energy.
Excess carbohydrates are stored as fat in the body.
Example of carbohydrates
Proteins
Example of proteins
Fats
Fats are compound made up carbon , hydrogen
and oxygen.
Fats consist of smaller units of fatty acids
combined with glycerol.
Fats dissolve vitamins A , D , E and K.
Excess fats in the body are stored under the skin
and around organs such as the heart and
kidneys.
Example of fats
Vitamins
VITAMIN SOURCE FUNCTIO DEFICIENCY
DISEASE
N

A Tomatoes , carrots, For night vision or Night blindness


fish liver oil , green vision in dim light Skin infections
vegetable , egg yolk Healthy skin
, liver

B Whole grain bread , Healthy skin Beri-beri


cereals, eggs, milk, Healthy nervous (paralysis)
green vegetable system Dermatitis (skin
Development of disorder)
VITAMIN SOURCE FUNCTI DEFICIENCY
DISEASE
S ON

E Whole grain , Maintains Sterility(failure


wheat germ, fertility to reproduce)
vegetable oil Prevents cell Poor blood
damage and circulation , poor
fights against nerve and
diseases muscle functions
Example of vitamins
Minerals
MINERALS SOURCE FUNCTION DEFICIENCY
DISEASE

Calcium Milk , eggs, Maintains Rickets


anchovies, green strong , healthy Delayed clotting
vegetable teeth and bones Muscular spasms
Helps blood
clotting
For nerve and
muscle activities
MINERAL SOURCE FUNCTIO DEFICIENC
S N Y DISEASE

Phosphorus Cheese , milk , To make Rickets


eggs , poultry , healthy Weak
fish bones and muscles
Tooth decay
teeth
Helps in
muscle
contraction
Example of minerals
Fibre
Fibre is the indigestible material taken in together with
food.
Fibre obtained from beans , lentils , cereals , wholemeal
bread , fruits and leafy vegetable.
Fibre is important because it is bulky , prevents
overeating and stimulates the muscles of the alimentary
canal by encouraging peristalsis.
Peristalsis moves the food along the alimentary canal
and prevents constipation.
Example of fibre
Water
About 65% - 70% of the body is water.
Water is a very important part of the diet because:
a. It transports digested food to the cells of the body,
b. It carries away waste products such as urea and
carbon dioxide to the organs for excretion,
c. It controls the concentration of the blood and the
temperature of the body,
d. It maintains the turgidity in the cells.
. Water does not supply the body with nutrients.
. Excess water in the body is removed through
sweating , urination , defecation and breathing.
Example of water
1) Carbohydrates
.Main source of energy for cell activities
.Form supporting structures , such as cell walls in plants
.Can be converted to proteins and fats

2)Proteins
.Needed for growth and repair of worn-out or damaged cells
.Used for the synthesis of enzymes and some hormones
.Important component of antibodies which help the body to fight diseases
.A source of energy

3)Fats
.Contain twice the amount of energy supplied by carbohydrates .
.Act as solvent for fat-soluble vitamins A , D ,E and K.
.An important component of cell membrane .
.Fats under the skin also act as an insulators to reduce heat loss from the body.
4)Vitamins
VITAMIN IMPORTANCE

A Prevents skin disease and boils


Prevents night-blindness

B Lack of it causes lack of


appetite for food and pellagra
Severe lack of it causes beri-
beri(paralysis)
5)Minerals
MINERALS IMPORTANCE

Calcium Helps in clotting blood


Develops strong teeth and bones
Severe lack of it causes rickets

Sodium Required for formation blood plasma


Required to maintain the permeability of
all membranes

Iron Builds haemoglobin in the blood


Severe lack of it causes anaemia
6)Fibre
Provides bulk to the intestinal contents
Stimulates peristalsis(rhythmic muscular contractions passing along
the digestive tract)
7)Water
Server as a lubricant
Forms the base for saliva
Regulates body temperature
Conclusion
A. Nutrition is so important to prevent health issues and
live a better life.
B. Nutrition is so important to us because it is good to
our health.
C. Nutrition affects growth a development of a person. At
least the development of International Standards and
National Legislation, are essential to protect and
promote national food security and public health . Civil
society will have to play a more active role. The
concept of the food security must be recaptured and
reframed in public and environment terms.

You might also like