Latino/Latina

Students
Jess, Chandler, and Allie
Who are the Theorists?

Plcida V. Gallegos
30 years as a Organization Development Consultant

Faculty of the School of Human and Organization Development within Fielding Graduate
University

Masters of Science degree in Marriage, Family and Child Counseling from Loma Linda
University in 1981

Masters of Arts degree in Social and Personality Psychology and a doctorate of

philosophy degree from the University of California at Riverside in 1987

Dissertation Research

Publications:
Who are the Theorists?

Bernardo M. Ferdman
Leadership and Organization Development Consultant and Board Certified Coach more
than 30 years of experience

Professor, California School of Organizational Psychology, Alliant International University

Ph.D. in psychology from Yale University

Bachelor of Arts in Psychology from Princeton University

Publications:

Diversity in organizations and cross-cultural work psychology: What if they were

more connected?, 2016

Diversity at Work: The Practice of Inclusion, 2014

Latina and Latino Identity Orientations as
Adaptive Strategies
6 orientations
Latino-integrated

Latino Identified

Subgroup Identified

Latino as Other

Lens
Undifferentiated/Denial Key Challenges

Identify
as/prefer
White-Identified Most Adaptive For

Latinos are
Evaluated seen upon categories
based Behavioral Manifestations

Whites are seen Limitations

Orientation Lens Identify Latinos Whites Framing of Key Most Behavioral Limitations
as/ prefer are seen are Race Challenges Adaptive for Manifestations
seen

Latino- Wide Individuals positively complex Dynamic, Retain identity Highly Hold multiple When need to
Integrated in group contextual, while remaining diverse and perspectives advocate for own
context socially open to changing and group
constructed differences environments adaptability

Latino Broad Latinos Very Distinct; latino/not Maintaining Called upon Capacity to Might miss
Identified positively could be latino positive view of to develop maximize complexity within
barriers group yet not strategies to differences or between
or allies diminishing support constructively Latino
others Latinos groups/overidenti
fication

Subgroup Narrow Own sub My group Not Not clear or Maintaining Relatively Maintaining Where coalitions
Identified group OK, central central; balanced view homogenous close ties to or allies needed
others (could secondary to of environments culture of origin or interactions
maybe be nationality, subgroups/avoi with minimal with diverse
barriers ethnicity ding gaps in interaction groups or
or culture vision changing
blockers environments
)
Orientation Lens Identify Latinos Whites are Framing Key Challenges Most Behavioral Limitations
as/ Manifestations
are seen of Race Adaptive for
prefer seen

Latino as other external Not Generic- negatively white/not Making strategic Where Risk Encapsulated
white ally, white choices;avoiding dominant aversion; marginality;
fuzzily superficial groups are minimal confusion or
solutions others and attention to disorientation in
accentuation variations, the face of
differences not patterns complexity
supported

Undifferentiated/ closed people Who Supposedly Denial, Recognizing Where Maintain Situations where
denial are color blind irrelevant, benefits and differences are harmony do not or cannot
latinos? (accept invisible costs; missing not central or especially in see that
dom. norms) out on richness don't matter relation to differences=disa
of diversity and dominant dvantages
homogeneity groups
is valued

White- tinted whites negative Very white/black Seeing Oppressive Avoidance of Impact on group
identified ly positively , either/ or, limitations and environment; multi-ethnic identification
one-drop positive aspects where need to environments and individual or
or improve of Latinos and achieve where collective
the race Whites outcomes differences esteem
depends on emphasized
fitting in
Applying theory to practice...

-Move away from the melting pot metaphor

-Be mindful of the multiple dimensions of social identity that occur

simultaneously
E.g. allowing students to identify themselves since there are so many identity
configurations

-Use ethical practice that is inclusive and recognizes and honors

the rich diversity of Latinos/as/x
E.g. for surveys, forms, and documentation, include a write in option for
respondents
Applying theory to practice...

-Using correct, non offensive language

E.g. using Latina/Latino/LatinX rather than Hispanic

-Being knowledgeable about campus resources

E.g. Diversity and Multicultural Affairs office, Multicultural Student Organizations

Questions?