Prevention of plaque build-up in arteries: An important

factor in lowering instances of cardiovascular disease.

Meron Nebiyat
Sponsor: Dr. Osgood
Cardiovascular Disease
(CVD)
o 1 in every 4 deaths
were due to heart
disease in the united
states.
o In both men and
women, heart disease
is the leading cause of
death.
o CVD can cause
speech impairment.
Inability to walk, and
longer term health
 If plaque progression can be controlled and
reduced, rate of cardiovascular disease will
decrease. Below are methods and treatments
that promote a healthy cardiovascular
system.
I. Understanding Cardiovascular Disease and
Atherosclerosis.
II. Awareness to CVD predisposition.
III. The link between obesity and CVD.
IV. Plaque Development and Formation
V. Cause of Plaque production.
VI. Link between smoking and CVD.
VII. Dietary measures to increase HDL.
VIII. Possible lipid lowering and plaque regression.
CVD & Atherosclerosis
o Cardiovascular disease
ranges from coronary
heart disease, heart
attack, stroke, carotid
artery disease and many
other diseases.
o Coronary heart disease is
the most common type of
CVD.
oThese diseases arise as a
result of plaque formation,
which is called
atherosclerosis.
Predisposition to Cardiovascular
Disease
Individuals who have
predispositions to CVD must
be aware of these conditions.
Many CVDs are heritable and
should be monitored. A new
study has been conducted to
use single nucleotide
polymorphisms (SNPs) to
identify mutations. These
SNPs enable researchers to
identify abnormalities and
predict predisposition to CVD.
 Obesity
o CVD has a direct
correlation with
people who are
overweight or obese.
oObesity leads to
artery blockage and
stress on the heart.
o Obesity increases
LDL and lowers HDL.
What causes plaque
production?
o An arterial plaque is defined as fatty deposits in
the lumen of the artery. Substances floating in the
blood produce these plaques.
o Bimolecular materials that make plaque include:
o Cellular waste
o Fat products
o Cholesterol- LDLo Fibrin
o Calcium
Development of Plaques in
Arteries
Proteins associated with
smoking

(Arnlov, 2016)
Smoking and CVD
Cardiovascular disease accounts for the largest
fraction of deaths from individuals who smoke.

(Arnlov, 2016)
Lipid Lowering and Plaque
Regression
LDL- is the class of
cholesterol that causes a
cascade of events that lead
to cardiovascular disease.

HDL- is a lipoprotein that

strengthens blood vessels
and keep arteries clear of
other fatty substances
found in blood.
Red Rice Yeast

(Giacosa, 2016).
Olive oil

(Giacosa, 2016).
Importance of HDL
oHelps clear fatty substances in artery.
oEngulfs cholesterol and transports these fats to
the liver to synthesize.
oWhen HDL function increases the rate of plaque
buildup drastically changes.
Lowering plaques stops a cascade of events
that could permanently alter life.
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause
of death in men and women. Cardiovascular
disease can be avoided by being aware,
maintaining diet, and learning good habits.
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