Welcome to the English dicussion

Class : XD07A1
Van e :
Cau ieu kien
Co hai loai cau ieu kien :
o ieu kien co thc .
o ieu kien khong co thc
 I. ieu kien co the thc hien
c ( ieu kien co thc ) :
Cau ieu kien co thc la cau ma
ngi noi dung e dien at mot hanh
ong hay mot tnh huong thng xuyen
xay ra ( thoi quen ) hoac se xay ra
tng lai neu ieu kien menh e chnh
c thoa man .

Neu noi ve tng lai , dang cau nay

c s dung khi noi en mot ieu
kien co the thc hien c hoac co
the xay ra
 * Tng lai ( future action )

will
can
If + S + Simple present S + shall + verb in simple form
may
must

Ex : If he tries much more , he will improve his

english .
If I have money , I will buy a new car .
 * Thoi quen ( habitual )
If + S + Simple present tense + simple present tense ...

Ex : If the doctor has the morning office hours , he visits every

patients in the affternoon .
I usually walk to school if I have enough time .

* Menh lenh ( command )

If + S + Simple present tense + command form of verb + ...

Ex : If you go to the Post Office , mail this letter for me .

Please call me if you hear anything from Jane .
 II . ieu kien khong the thc hien
c
( ieu kien khong co thc ) :
Cau ieu kien khong co thc dung e dien ta
mot hanh ong hay mot trang thai a xay ra
hoac a co the xay ra neu nh tnh huong c
at ra trong cau khac vi thc te ang xay ra hoac
a xay ra .
Cau ieu kien khong co thc thng gay nham
lan v s thc ve s kien ma cau the hien lai trai
ngc vi cach the hien cua cau : neu ong t
Ex
cua : cau
If I were rich , nh
la khang I would travel
th y around
ngha the cau
thc cua world .
lai la phunot
( Im nh va
rich ngc
, Im notlai .
going to travel ... )
If I hadnt been in a hurry , I wouldnt have an
accident . ( I was in a hurry , I have an accident ).
 * ieu kien khong co thc
hien tai
would
could
If + S + Simple past S + should + [ verb in simple form ]
might

Ex : If I had enough money now , I would buy a tourist trip to

the moon .
He would tell you about it if he were here .
Chu y : ong t tobe phai chia la were tat
ca cac ngoi .
Ex : If I were you , I wouldnt go to that movie .
* ieu kien khong co thc trong qua
kh :
would
could
If + S + past perfect S + should + have + [ past participle verb ]
might

Ex : If we had known that you were there , we would have

written you a letter .
( We didnt know ... , we didnt write you a letter .
If we hadnt lost our way , we would have arrived sooner.
If he had studied harder for that test , he would have
passed it .
 *Chu y :
Cung co the the hien mot ieu kien co thc ma
khong dung IF . Trong trng hp o tr ong t HAD
a len au cau , ng trc chu ng . Menh e
ieu kien se ng trc menh e chnh .
Ex : Had we known that you were there , we would have
written you a letter .
Had he studied harder for the test , he would have
passed it .
*Lu y :
Cau ieu kien khong phai luc nao cung tuan theo qui luat
tren . Trong mot so trng hp ac biet , mot ve cua ieu
kien la qua kh nhng ve con lai co the hien tai ( do thi
gian quy nh ).
Ex : If she had caught the train , she would be here
by now .
III . Cach s dung will, would, could,
should trong mot so trng hp
khac
Thong : thng cac tr ong t nay khong c s dung
vi IF trong menh e ieu kien cua cau ieu kien. Tuy nhien
van co mot so trng hp ngoai le sau .
* If you ( will / would ) : Neu vui long . Thng
dung trong cac yeu cau lch s . Would lch s hn Will .
Ex: If you will/would wait for a moment , I will go and
see if Mr Conner is here .
* If + S + will/would : Neu chu . e dien at y
t nguyen . Ex: If he will/would listen to me , I can help him.
Will Con c dung theo mau cau nay e dien at
s ngoan co : Neu c , neu nhat nh :
Ex: If you will turn on the music loudly so late to night
, no wonder why your neighbours comphain .
* If you could : Xin vui long . Dien at lch s mot yeu
cau ma ngi noi cho rang ngi kia se ong y nh
la mot le ng nhien .
Ex : If you could open your book , please .

* If + S + should + ... + command : V phong nh . Dien

at mot tnh huong du co the xay ra c nhng rat
kho .
Ex : If you should find any difficulty in using that TV , please
call me .

Co the ao Should len tren chu ng va bo If .

Ex : Should you find any difficulty in using that TV , please
call me .
IV. Cach s dung If trong mot so
trng hp khac :
*If... then: Nu... th
If she cant come to us, then we will have to go and see her.
*If dng trong dng cu suy din logic (khng phi cu iu
kin): ng t cc mnh din bin bnh thng theo thi gian
ca chnh n.
If you want to learn a musical instrument, you have to
practice.
If you did not do much maths at school, you will find
economics difficult to understand.
If that was Marry, why didnt she stop and say hello.
*If... should = If... happen to... = If... should happen to... din
t s khng chc chn (Xem thm phn s dng should trn)
If you should happen to pass a supermarket, perhaps you
could get some eggs.
(Ng nh m anh c tnh c gh qua ch c l mua cho em t
trng)
*If.. was/were to... Din t iu kin khng c tht hoc tng tng.
N gn ging cu iu kin khng c tht hin ti.
If our boss was/were to come in now (= if the boss came in now),
we would be in real trouble.
What would we do if I was/were to lose my job.
Hoc c th din t mt lch s khi a ra ngh
If you were to move your chair a bit, we could all sit down.
(Nu anh vui lng dch gh ca anh ra mt cht th chng ta c th
cng ngi c)
Note: Cu trc ny tuyt i khng c dng vi cc ng t tnh ti
hoc ch trng thi t duy
Correct: If I knew her name, I would tell you.
Incorrect: If I was/were to know...
*If it + to be + not + for: Nu khng v, nu khng nh vo.
Thi hin ti:
If it wasnt/werent for the children, that couple wouldnt have any
thing to talk about.
(Nu khng v nhng a con th v chng nh y ch c chuyn g
m ni)
Thi qu kh:
If it hadnt been for your help, I dont know what to do.
(Nu khng nh vo s gip ca anh th ti cng khng bit phi
lm g y).
C th o li:
Had it not been for your help, I dont know what to to.
* Not i khi c thm vo nhng ng t sau if by t s nghi
ng, khng chc chn. (C nn ... Hay khng ...)
I wonder if we shouldnt ask the doctor to look at Mary.
* It would... if + subject + would... (s l... nu khng c
dng trong vn vit)
It would be better if they would tell every body in advance.
(S l tt hn nu h k cho mi ngi t trc)
How would we feel if this would happen to our family.
(Ta s cm thy th no nu iu ny xy ra i vi gia nh
chng ta.)
* If...d have...d have: Dng trong vn ni, khng dng trong vn
vit, din t iu kin khng th xy ra qu kh
If Id have known, Id have told you.
If shed have recognized him it would have been funny.
* If + preposition + noun/verb... (subject + be b lc b)
If in doubt, ask for help. (= If you are in doubt, ...)
If about to go on a long journey, try to have a good nights
sleep. (= If you are about to go on... )
* If dng vi mt s t nh any/anything/ever/not din t ph
nh
There is little if any good evidence for flying saucers.
(There is little evidence, if there is any at all, for flying saucers)
(C rt t bng chng v a bay, nu qu l c thc)
Im not angry. If anything, I feel a little surprised.
(Ti khng gin d u. M c chng ti cm thy hi ngc nhin)
Cch ni ny cn din t kin m th: Nu c...
Id say he was more like a father, if anything
(Ti xin ni rng ng y cn hn c mt ngi cha, nu c th ni
th.)
He seldom if ever travel abroad.
(Anh ta ch my khi i ra nc ngoi)
Usually, if not always, we write cannot as one word
(Thng thng, nhng khng phi l lun lun... )
* If + Adjective = although (cho d l)
Ngha khng mnh bng although - Dng din t quan im ring hoc
vn g khng quan trng.
His style, if simple, is pleasant to read.
(Vn phong ca ng ta, cho d l n gin, th c cng th)
The profits, if little lower than last years, are still extremely wealthy
(Li nhun, cho d l c thp hn nm qua mt cht, th vn l rt
ln.)
Cu trc ny c th thay bng may..., but
His style may be simple, but it is pleasant to read.
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