2. Facility Siting 3. Developing Waste Management Program 4. Collection and Transfer 5. Source Reduction 6. Recycling 7. Land Disposal Public Education & Involvement 1. Awareness 2. Interest 3. Evaluation 4. Trial 5. Adoption 6. Maintenance Facility Siting The 3 Phase Siting Framework Phase 1: Planning Phase 2: Site Selection & Facility Design Phase 3: Implementation Developing a Waste Management Program Factors to consider 1. Developing the Necessary Information Base 2. Modelling Techniques 3. Physical Techniques 4. Direct Measurement Techniques 5. Estimating the Percentage of Material that must be Managed 6 Estimating Future Waste Generation 7. Organizing a Waste Management Team Collection and Transfer 1. Developing a Solid Waste Collection & Transfer System 2. Defining Community Goals & Constraints 3. Characterizing Waste, Types & the Service Area 4. Determing the System Funding Structure 5. Identifying Waste Preparation & Collection Procedures 6. Determing the Collection Equipment & Crew Source Reduction USEPA as the design, manufacture, purchase or use of materials to reduce their quantity or toxicity before they reach the waste stream.
NRC - any action that avoids the creation of waste by
reducing waste at the source. The Elements of Source Reduction 1. Reduced Material use in Product Manufacture 2. Increase Useful Life of a Product through Durability and Repairability 3. Decreased Toxicity 4. Material Reuse 5. Reduce/ More Effecient Consumer Use of Materials 6. Increased Production Efficiency Resulting in Less Production Waste Recycling 12 Component Recycling Program Plan 1. Identify Goals 2. Characterize Recycable Quantity, Composition & Accesibilty 3. Asses and Generate Political Support 4. Asses Markets & Market Development Strategies for Recycables 5. Asses & Choose Technologies for Collection & Processing 6. Develop Budget and Organization 7. Address Legal & Siting Issues 8. Develop Start-up Approach 9. Implement Education & Publicity Program 10. Begin Program Operation 11. Supervise Ongoing Program & Continue Publicity & Education 12. Review and Adjust Program Land Disposal Key Term used in MSW landfill design include the ff: 1. Waste Management Boundary 2. Liner 3. Cover 4. Leachate 5. Leachate Collection System 6. Landfill Gas 7. Gas Control & Recovery System 8. Gas Monitoring Probe System 9. Groundwater Monitoring Well System Schematic of Typical Municipal Solid Waste (MSW) Landfill 16 Step Process is made and these Steps are organized into Four Phases Phase 1(steps 1-6) involves developing information base and making some preliminary site decision Phase 2 (steps 7-12) includes making a detailed design for the landfill and for managing related issues such groundwater monitoring, leachate and gas management Phase 3 (steps 13-14) involves financial assurance and beginning actual operation. Phase 4 (steps 15-16) includes closure and post-closure care Determining the Landfill Volumes is the First Task in the Design Process -Determine Accurate Tonnage Estimate of Waste to be received at the Site -Estimate Anticipated Increase or Decrease in the Diversion of Material to Waste-to-Energy Facilities, Composting, Recycling, Reuse Efforts, or Waste Minimization Efforts -Determine Density Figure of the Waste -Estimate the Amount of Waste Settlement Potential Sites must be in Areas that are suitable for Landfill development. 1. A landfill must be consistent with the overall land- use planning in the area 2. The site must be accessible from major roadways or thoroughfares. 3. The site should have adequate quantity of earth cover material that is easily handled and compacted 4. The site must be chosen with regard for the sensitivities of the communitys residents 5. The site must be located in an area where the landfills operation will not detrimentally affect environmentally sensitive resources. 6. The site should be large enough to accomodate the communitys waste for a reasonable time. 7. The site chosen should facilitate developing a landfill that will satisfy budgetary constraints, including site development, operation for many years, closure, post-closure care, and possible remedian costs. 8. Operating plans must include provisions for coordinating with recycling and resource recovery projects. Waste Disposal Cell Program of Works 1. Site Preparation 2. Excavation 3. Installation of Bottom Liner 4. Installation of Leachate Collection System 5. Installation of Vent/ Barrier Trench 6. Gravel Bedding 7. Concrete Slabbing 8. Reinforcement of Disposal Cell Sidings