1.

TOURISM
A. Movement of people from their usual place
of residence

Note:
In 1988- over 380 million international
tourist arrivals throughout the world
In 1990- over 415 million tourist
arrivals
They spend millions of money in the
country they visited during their travel
 A WIDE
From the time a RANGE OF
decision is taken to
visit a particular ACTIVITIES
place FOR THE
PURPOSE OF
WOULD
TOURISM AND HAVE
TRAVEL
TAKEN
PLACE
Till the time THE
TOURISTS
RETURN HOME
 B. ALL THESE
ACTIVITIES
UNDERTAKEN BY
MILLIONS OF
TOURISTS AROUND
THE WORLD IN A
GIVEN PERIOD OF
TIME MAYBE
DESCRIBE AS
TOURISM
 Tourism Society in
HERMAN V.
More technical Britain in the year
SCHULLARD, an definition of Tourism 1976, attempted to
Austrian was given by clarify the concept
economist in the Professors Hunziker
and defined TOURISM
and Krapt in the
year 1910, as the
year1942. They define
defines TOURISM TOURISM as the a. temporary short
as the sum total totality of the term movement of
of operators, relationship and people to
mainly of an phenomenon arising destination
from the travel and outside the place
economic nature, stay of strangers, where they
which directly provided:
normally live and
relates to the a. The stay does not
work and their
entry, stay, and imply the
establishment of activities during
movement of PERMANENT their stay at these
foreigners inside RESIDENCE destinations
and outside a b. NOT connected b. Movement for all
certain country, with remunerated purposes, as well
activity. as day visits or
city or region
excursions
 A.K. Bhatia, in 1991,brings out the Elements of Tourism

a. Involvement of travel by non residents

b. Stay of temporary nature in the area visited
c. Stay not connected with any remunerated activity or an
activity involving earnings

THEREFORE:

TOURISM embraces the

a. Population of travelers WHO ARE STRANGERS TO THE PLACES THEY
VISIT
b. PLEASURE AND RECREATIONAL ACTIVITY in which MONEY EARNED
in ones normal domicile is SPENT in the PLACE THEY VISITED
 A dictionary would describe travel as going
from one place to another. This clearly is too broad for our purposes.

Travel is going from one place to anotherand doing things when

arriving therefor reasons not associated with everyday life.

Travel is usually divided into two broad categories: leisure travel and
business travel.

Leisure travel is travel Business (also called corporate)

for the purpose of travel is travel beyond ones
enjoyment. The person general home area for reasons
travels to related to work. Business travelers
take a vacation, to get may set up the trip themselves,
away from his or her book it
everyday home life and through a corporate travel manager
job (a person employed by a company
to arrange
travel for its employees), or arrange
it by using the services of a travel
agent
1. TOURISM ATTRACTION AND ACTIVITIES
a place of interest where tourists visit,
typically for its inherent or exhibited natural
or cultural value, historical significance,
natural or built beauty, offering leisure,
adventure and amusement.
2. ACCOMMODATION
one of the basic needs for
any tourism activity. Travelers
and tourists need lodging for rest,
while they are on a tour.
 3. TRANSPORTATION
the main mean to carry passengers, that is, the tourists to
the actual site where tourism services are performed.

4. OTHER TOURIST SERVICES AND FACILITIES

is the services one receives from their tourist provider.

5.INFRASTRUCTURE
physical components of interrelated systems providing
commodities and services essential to enable, sustain, or enhance
societal living conditions

6. INSTITUTIONAL ELEMENTS
1. Transportation has been an integral part of the tourism
industry

It is largely due to the improvement of transportation that

tourism has expanded

2. Transportation and travel can be discussed without taking

tourism into consideration, but tourism cannot thrive
without travel

3. There is a general agreement that tourism expands more

when there are better transportation systems

4. Transportation has contributed much to the

development of economic, social, political and cultural
fields and uplifting their condition.
5. If the development of transportation was not made ,market would be
limited in local areas and production would be limited to meet local
needs only. As a result, economy of each country would remain in
undeveloped condition.

The effective factors in choosing the transportation mode in

tourism

Time limit Comfort

Price
Distance Security Geographical position
Status Benefit Competition

Negative effects

Congestion means delays which leads to waste of time

and energy. Serious congestions may have a negative
effect on transportation modes, especially on airports
and roads during peak times.
Safety and security making sure that the transportation
mode is safe and secure is a basic and important
requirement for tourism.

Environment an increase in traffic may have disastrous

effect on the environment if that area does not have the
carrying capacity for additional tourists.

Seasonality seasonal patterns of travel

demand create overcrowding at certain times.
Adversely low occupancies and load factors will
occur at other periods.