Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The Basics
Reports findings to
referring physicians.
2
X-RAY
3
Spondilitis TB (??????)
MSK Imaging Imaging Modalities
Plain Radiographs
Ultrasound
Computed Tomography
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Nuclear Scintigraphy
RADIOLOGY TOOLS
X- RAY
ULTRASOUND
NUCLEAR MEDICINE
MAGNETIC RESONANCE
COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY
7
Plain Radiographs
Widely available
Reproducible
Patient friendly
Inexpensive
Usually the indicated primary imaging
modality
Plain Radiographs
Standard protocols available
Consider the pathology in question
Image area of question, not the vicinity
One view is No view
Supplemental views possible in most
locations
Plain Radiographs
- Obvious
Plain Radiographs 2 views
Plain Radiographs 2 views
Posterior
Dislocation
Plain Radiographs Extra views
Radial Head Fx
Stabilisasi anterior & posterior
spondilitis TB lumbal 3,4,5
Ultrasound
Reproducible in trained hands
Excellent for superficial soft tissue
elements including tendons and muscle
Patient friendly
Small to moderate expense
Ultrasound
Routine exam room equipped with
adequate imaging devices
Superficial gel (standard or aseptic)
application with touch with transducer
Usually static exam of architecture +/-
vascularity assessment
Potential for dynamic imaging
Ultrasound
Cranial
Cranial Caudal
Calcaneus
Caudal
Ultrasound Achilles Tendon
Intrasubstance tear
Ultrasound Patellar tendon
Proximal patellar
tendonitis
Jumpers Knee
Computed Tomography (CT)
Widely available
Reproducible, although variety of techniques
Excellent bone assessment
Occasionally useful for soft tissue assessment
Patient friendly
Moderate expense
Interventional options
Computed Tomography
Usually supine axial exam, with some
alternative positioning options
Can develop reformatted images after
exam for alternative views
Imaging time in seconds, rarely minutes
Usually without IV or oral contrast
CT - Fractures
Scaphoid fracture
CT - Dislocation
Midsubtalar coalition
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Widely available, but non-standardized
imaging techniques
Reproducible
Excellent for soft tissue pathology
Good-excellent for bone pathology
NOT patient friendly
Large expense
MRI Absolute Contraindications
Cardiac Pacemakers
Electronic stimulators
Metallic foreign bodies in the orbit
Body habitus beyond limits of physical
unit
MRI - Relative Contraindications
Prostheses
IUDs
Cardiac valves
Berry aneurysm clips
Retained bullet fragments
Claustrophobia
Huge listing in MRI facility
MRI
Usually performed with patient supine
Multiplanar imaging obtained without
changing position
One exam = one body part
Average exam time 45 minutes; most patients
cant last >2 hours
Strict guidelines for sedation
Optional contrast Rad usually decides for
body imaging
SPONDILITIS TB L3,4,5
MRI Trauma
Osteochondritis dissecans
MRI Trauma
Femoral Neck Fracture
MRI - Trauma
46
Imaging
Plain radiographs are usually the starting
point
Most x-ray protocols work for most situations
Secondary imaging techniques have specific
advantages and disadvantages
A specific question is more likely to get you a
direct answer
When in doubt, ask a Radiologist
THANK YOU