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Varying energies
for p and
Consider these data
p 63Cu 63
Zn n
64
Zn* 62
Cu n p
60 Ni 62
Zn 2n
a,b PC *bY
Compound nucleus model
p 63Cu 63
Zn n
64
Zn* 62
Cu n p
60 Ni C*
62
Zn 2n
The lifetime C*
of the compound nucleus is long compared to
the time for the incident energy to be shared among nucleons.
Particle a has multiple scatters (energy exchanges) with
nucleons in the target nucleus. Ta is shared quickly.
Nucleus C* retains no memory of how it was formed.
C* is almost always formed in an excited state.
c 197MeV fm
Tp 20MeV pa 200MeV /c a 1fm
pc 200MeV /cc
Compound nucleus model
p 63Cu 63
Zn n
64
Zn* 62
Cu n p
60 Ni C*
62
Zn 2n
After a long
time, C* decays, emitting one or more particles.
The decay mechanism (channel) thatdominates the
decay of C* is determined by the excitation energy
E* in C* (data)
2
E ma m X mC * c T *
*
gs
d Li
6
p1
Td 2MeV
pd
p 2
E*
Ti
*
*
mdc2 + mLic2 Tf
0.0
m
Be c2
m c2 + mc2
Compound nucleus model
p 63Cu 63
Zn n
64
Zn* 62
Cu n p
60 Ni 62
Zn 2n
E*
*
Ti
*
Tf
mac2 + mXc2
mb c2 + mYc2
2 0.0
mC*c
Compound nucleus model
p 63Cu 63
Zn n
64
Zn* 62
Cu n p
60 Ni 62
Zn 2n
Ti* E*
mnc2 + mInc2
Tf*
TOF
0
Expt mIn-116 c2 mIn-116 c2
Resonances
Time of Flight Experiment
Maxwell velocity
neutron beam Target/detector
t
shutter
gate
Example L
t = L/v
s r1 r2 r3
Decay of the compound nucleus
i
PC * bY
Compound nucleus model
p 63Cu 63
Zn n
64
Zn* 62
Cu n p
60 Ni 62
Zn 2n
a,b aXC
* PC *bY
s
a,b 2 i g
J
E Eo 4
2 2 Include spin effects
s i gJ
2J 1
a,b 2 gJ
2I a 12I X 1
E Eo
2
2 4