Introduction to Cloud Computing

and the Aneka Platform

Dr. Rajkumar Buyya

Cloud Computing and Distributed Systems (CLOUDS) Lab
Dept. of Computing and Information Systems
The University of Melbourne, Australia
www.cloudbus.org
www.manjrasoft.com

Major Sponsors/Supporters
 The Next Revolution in IT
The Big Switch in IT
Classical Computing Cloud Computing
Buy & Own Subscribe
Hardware, System Use
Software, Applications
Every 18 months?

often to meet peak needs.

Install, Configure,
Test, Verify, Evaluate
Manage
..
Finally, use it $ - pay for what you
$$$$....$(High CapEx) use, based on QoS

2
 Outline

Computer Utilities
Vision and Promising IT Paradigms/Platforms
Cloud Computing and Related Paradigms
Trends, Definition, Cloud Benefits and Challenges
Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
SLA-oriented Resource Allocation
Global Cloud Exchange
Aneka: Cloud Application Platform
Summary and Thoughts for Future

3
 Computer Utilities Vision:
Implications of the Internet
1969 Leonard Kleinrock, ARPANET project
As of now, computer networks are still in their
infancy, but as they grow up and become
sophisticated, we will probably see the spread
of Computer Utilities, which, like present
electric and telephone utilities, will service
individual homes and offices across the
country.
During the last 40 years, several advances
have taken place in both computing and
communications areas that are turning the
vision of Computer Utilities in to a reality.
4
 Computing Paradigms and
Attributes: Realizing the Computer
Utilities Vision

} ?
Web
Data Centres
Utility Computing
Service Computing
Grid Computing +
P2P Computing
Market-Oriented
Computing -Ubiquitous
Cloud Computing -Reliable -Trillion $ business
-Scalable
-Autonomic
Paradigms -Dynamic
discovery
- Composable
-QoS
-SLA
-

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Attributes/Capabilities
 Outline

Computer Utilities
Vision and Promising IT Paradigms/Platforms
Cloud Computing and Related Paradigms
Trends, Definition, Cloud Benefits and Challenges
Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
SLA-oriented Resource Allocation
Global Cloud Exchange
Aneka: Cloud Application Platform
Summary and Thoughts for Future

6
 Very popular: too many are
In Search of Cloud Computing

7
 Open Data Center Alliance (ODCA)
for Cloud Computing

8
 Defining Clouds: There are many
views for what is cloud computing?

Over 20 definitions:
http://cloudcomputing.sys-con.com/read/612375_p.htm
Renting remote storage backup
Renting remote server hosting Web server
Renting remote more servers to manage large workload
Buyyas Scientific definition of Cloud Computing
Cloud is a market-oriented distributed computing system consisting of a
collection of inter-connected and virtualised computers that are
dynamically provisioned and presented as one or more unified
computing resources based on service-level agreements (SLAs)
established through negotiation between the service provider and
consumers.
SLA = {negotiated and agreed QoS parameters + rewards +
penalties for violation of agreement....}

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 Subscription-Oriented Cloud Services:
X{compute, apps, data, ..}
as a Service (..aaS)
Public Cloud

Cloud
Manager

Private
Clients Cloud

Other Govt.
Cloud Services Cloud Services

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 Rentable Cloud Services

Infrastructure as a Service
(IaaS)
Software as a Service (SaaS)
CPU, Storage: Amazon.com,
Nirvanix, GoGrid.
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Platform as a Service (PaaS)
Google App Engine, Microsoft
Azure, Manjrasoft Aneka..
Software as a Service (SaaS)
Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)
SalesForce.Com

....

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 Cloud Deployment Models

Public/Internet Private/Enterprise Hybrid/Inter

Clouds Clouds Clouds

3rd party, Mixed usage of

Cloud model run
multi-tenant Cloud private and public
within a companys
infrastructure Clouds: Leasing public
own Data Center /
& services: cloud services
infrastructure for
when private cloud
internal and/or
* available on capacity is
partners use.
subscription basis insufficient

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 Cloud Applications

Scientific/Tech Applications
Business Applications
Consumer/Social Applications

Science and Technical Applications

Business Applications

13 Consumer/Social Applications
 When will Cloud spending become
50% of IT spending or reach to a
trillion $ business/year?
2000

600?

30% 1000? 50%

120?
15%

2016 2020? 2020?

Buyyas Guestimate!
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 Cloud Computing Challenges:
Dealing with too many issues
ng
Prici

zat ion Scalability

uali Res
Virt our
ce M
eter
ing
Q oS Reliability
v el
Le nts Billing
e e
r vic em
Se gre Ene
r
A gy E
f ficie
nc y
Provision
ing Utility & Risk
on Deman
d Management
a l & ry
y g to
ur i t Le ula
S ec g
Re
Uhm, I am not quite
Privacy Programming Env.
clearYet another
& Application Dev.
st complex IT paradigm?
Tru

Software Eng.
Complexity
15
 Outline

Computer Utilities
Vision and Promising IT Paradigms/Platforms
Cloud Computing and Related Paradigms
Trends, Definition, Cloud Benefits and Challenges
Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
SLA-oriented Resource Allocation
Global Cloud Exchange
Aneka: Cloud Application Platform
Summary and Thoughts for Future

16
 Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture:
QoS negotiation and SLA-based Resource Allocation

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 Cloud to expand (lease more
resources) with increase in demand

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 Cloud to shrink (unlease resources)
with decrease in demand

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 Outline

Computer Utilities
Vision and Promising IT Paradigms/Platforms
Cloud Computing and Related Paradigms
Trends, Definition, Cloud Benefits and Challenges
Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
SLA-oriented Resource Allocation
Global Cloud Exchange
Aneka: Cloud Application Platform
Summary and Thoughts for Future

20
 Aneka: The Cloud Application Platform
(CAP) for Resource-Intensive Apps
(Available as Manjrasoft Product)
Lightweight Container hosting Multiple Applications
multiple services.
All programming models Thread Task ... MapReduce

available from within the same

container (unlike others) 1. SDK
SDK containing APIs for
multiple programming
models and tools Aneka
Runtime Environment for
managing application
execution management
Suitable for 2. Runtime
Development of Enterprise
Cloud Applications Multi-core Cluster Grid Cloud
Cloud enabling legacy 2100 2100 2100 2100

applications
Portability for Customer Apps: 2100 2100 2100 2100

Enterprise Public Clouds

.NET/Win Mono/Linux Multiple Infrastructures
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 Aneka: The Cloud Application Platform
(CAP) for Resource-Intensive Apps
(Available as Manjrasoft Product)
Lightweight Container hosting
multiple services.
All programming models
available from within the same
container (unlike others)
SDK containing APIs for
multiple programming
models and tools Patent
Runtime Environment for (PCT)
managing application
execution management
Suitable for
Development of Enterprise
Cloud Applications
Cloud enabling legacy
applications
Portability for Customer Apps:
Enterprise Public Clouds
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.NET/Win Mono/Linux
 Aneka as a Cloud Application
Platform

Applications
& Services Application Development

Bag of Tasks Dist. Threads MapReduce

Cloud Middleware

SLA & QoS User

Platform Application
Management
Management Dynamic
Aneka Provisioning

Scheduling Monitoring Billing

& Execution

Infrastructure
Clusters Public Clouds
Datacenters Desktop PCs

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 Aneka: components

public DumbTask: ITask

{

public void Execute()
Aneka enterprise Cloud
{
for(int i=0; i<n; i++)
{ }
}
DumbTask task = new DumbTask();
app.SubmitExecution(task); Executor Executor
work units
}

Client
Agent Executor
internet

work units
Scheduler
Aneka Worker
internet
Aneka Manager Service
Executor
Client
Agent
Programming / Deployment Model
Aneka User Agent
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 Aneka - Dynamic deployment of
Application Tasks on Clouds

Application

Aneka
Workker/Executor
Aneka Application

Aneka
Manager

Manager / Executor
Aneka Threads

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 Aneka Support for InterCloud /
Federation of Resource Pools

XenServer Pool
Aneka + Xen Server Executors

private Cloud Executor Executor

VMWare Pool private enterprise

Scheduler

network
Aneka + VMWare internet
publicly available resources

private Cloud Private

Cloud
(physical and virtual)

Scheduler
Amazon EC2 Pool
Aneka + public EC2
Windows Azure
VPN Executors/Schedulers
Client Libraries (virtual resources)

Public Cloud
Aneka + public Azure

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Aneka Case Studies
 (GoFront: A unit of China
Southern Railway Group)
Application: Locomotive design CAD rendering
Aneka Maya Renderer
GoFront Private Aneka
Cloud

Use private
Aneka Cloud
LAN network
(Running Maya Batch Mode on
demand)

Case 2: Aneka
Enterprise Cloud Time
(in hrs)

Case 1: Single Server

Raw Locomotive Design Files
(Using AutoDesk Maya) Using Maya
Graphical Mode Single Aneka
Directly
Server Cloud
4 cores Aneka utilizes idle desktops
server (30) to decrease task time
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from days to hours
 A scalable architecture for TitanStrike on-
line Gaming Portal

The local scheduler TitanStrike Private Aneka

interacts with Aneka Cloud
and distributes the load
Aneka-based in the cloud.
GameController
LAN network
Case 2: Aneka Enterprise Cloud = Scalability (Running Game plugins on Demand)
Gamers profiles
Players statistics Distributed logs
logs
Team playing
Multiple games
log parsing

Titan Strike On Line

Gaming Portal

Case 1: Single Server = Huge Overload

logs

Centralized
log parsing

Single scheduler
controlling the
execution of all the logs
Single matches.
GameController Game Servers
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 Indian Space Research
Organization (ISRO) - ADRIN

Distribution

Aneka Cloud

Receiving station
processing
Private Cloud Public Cloud
Citrix Xen Archiving Amazon AWS
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 Health Care: SaaS Cloud for
ECG Sensor Data Analysis

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 IEEE Scalable Computing Challenge
at CCGrid 2010 Conference

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 Global Recognition for Aneka:
Frost, Telstra.

-> 2010 Frost & Sullivan "New

Product Innovation" Award

-> 2011 Telstra Innovation

Challenge, Peoples Choice
Award

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 Outline

Computer Utilities
Vision and Promising IT Paradigms/Platforms
Cloud Computing and Related Paradigms
Trends, Definition, Cloud Benefits and Challenges
Market-Oriented Cloud Architecture
SLA-oriented Resource Allocation
Global Cloud Exchange
Aneka: Cloud Application Platform
Summary and Thoughts for Future

34
 Summary

Several Computing Paradigms have promised to

deliver Computing Utilities vision:
Cloud Computing is the most recent kid in the block
promising to turn vision into reality
Many exciting business and consumer applications
enabled.
Aneka is rapidly emerging as a platform for:
Building Clouds (especially private) and their apps.
Accelerating Applications and Managing their
execution.
Already used in engineering, life science, gaming, and
business intelligence applications.

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 References

Quick Overview:
Rajkumar Buyya and Karthik Sukumar,
Platforms for Building and Deploying Applicati
ons for Cloud Computing
, CSI Communications, Vol.35, No. 1, Pages:
6-11, ISSN 0970-647X, Computer Society of
India (CSI), Mumbai, India, May 2011.
Aneka:
C. Vecchiola, X. Chu, and R. Buyya,
Aneka: A Software Platform for .NET-based Cl
oud Computing
, High Speed and Large Scale Scientific
Computing, 267-295pp, IOS Press,
Amsterdam, Netherlands, 2009.
Software download:
http://www.manjrasoft.com/

Wiley Press, New York, USA,

Feb 2011

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