CHEAH WING HONG AF170254

CHONG YEE HAU AF170246

FRANCIS TIEH HIENG MING AF170262
FONG MENG CHAN AF170248
HIEW THIAM SENG AF170270
LAI CHANG YUAN AF170245
 Igneous Rock Sedimentary Rock Metamorphic Rock

Definition Rocks formed by Rocks formed from Rocks are created by

solidification of cooled sediments of the earths changes induced at high
magma by crystallizing land area temperature and/or high
into a mosaic of materials pressure

Environment Underground: and as lava Deposition basin: mainly Mostly deep inside
flows sea mountains chains

Rock strength Uniform high strength Variable low Variable high

Major types with Granite (90 MPa), basalt Sandstone (40Mpa), Schist, slate
compressive strength (160Mpa) limestone, clay
 The strength of aggregate is measured by on
following tests
Aggregate crushing value (most popular) -determine the aggregate
crushing value of coarse aggregates
The aggregates passing through The cylinder of the apparatus is filled The weight of
12.5mm and retained on 10mm IS in 3 layers, each layer tamped with 25 aggregates is
Sieve are oven-dried at a strokes of a tamping rod. measured (Weight
temperature of 100 to 110oC for 3 A).
to 4hrs.

The sample is then The surface of the aggregates is

Two tests sieved through a
should be 2.36mm IS Sieve and
conducted. the fraction passing
through the sieve is
weighed (Weight B).
then leveled and the plunger
inserted. The apparatus is then
placed in the compression
testing machine and loaded at a
uniform rate so as to achieve
40t load in 10 minutes. After
this, the load is released.
 Aggregates Impact Test

Quality of Hardness of
Aggregates Aggregates

Impact Value of
Aggregates
 Procedure
Test sample: Aggregates that Wash the test sample and Fill in 1/3rd of the steel cup with test sample
passed through 12.5mm sieve dry it in the oven (4 hours for the 1st layer. Compact the test sample
and retained on 10mm sieve & (100-110) C with 25 gentle blows using tamping rod.

Raise the hammer until it is 380mm Place the cup on the base Repeat the procedure for the rest
above the steel cup, release the hammer of the impact tester. layers under the same manners
and let it fall on the surface of the test
sample. Repeat this for 15 times.

Collect the crushed aggregates & Weight the fraction Average weight passed through
sieve it through a 2.36mm sieve. that passed through Aggregate sieve x100
the 2.36mm sieve. Impact =
Calculate the Value (%) Average weight before impact
aggregates impact
value.
 Aggregate 10% Fines Value
The cylindrical measure is filled by
the test sample of aggregate in
three layers of approximately
equal depth, each layer being
tamped 25 times.
The fines passing
2.36mm.IS sieve is
weighed and
expressed as a
percentage of by
weight of the test
sample.
The test sample in the cylinder with the
plunger in position is placed in the
compression testing machine. The load
is applied at a uniform rate so as to
cause a total penetration of the plunger
of about 20mm for normal crushed
aggregates in 10 minutes.
After the maximum For rounded or partially rounded
specified load is reached, aggregates, the load required to
the load is released and cause a total penetration of 15mm is
the aggregate from the applied where as for honeycombed
cylinder is sieved from aggregates a penetration of 24mm is
2.36mm IS sieve. applied in 10 minutes.
 Calculation
The mean percentage fines from the two tests at this load
shall be used in the following formula to calculate the load
required to give 10% fines.
Conclusion
Aggregate crushing value # is Aggregates impact test # 10% fines value # is a
considered a good test for gives only the strength of good test for weak
general aggregates parent rock aggregates

# Aggregates should be tough enough # However the aggregates

to resist crushing , disintegration from strength is usually not a
activities such as manufacturing , factor in normal concrete
production , placing and compaction strength.
H T N A K

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