CHE 517 - Industrial hazards and

Environmental Pollution
MRS T. E. Oladimeji / Mrs. O. G. Abatan
 Teaching Philosophy
What I hear I forget, What I see I remember,
What I do, I understand Confucius (~200 BC)

Lecturing is not teaching, & Listening is not learning You learn by

doing Educational psychologists
Examples: Riding bicycle, driving car, etc.

Our philosophy: teach, tell, show you what to do and make you do it &
test if you know how to do it.
Home works, tutorials, quizzes, tests, EXAMS

You cannot put the same shoe on every foot. We learn differently:
individualistic, group, etc. Work together but answer individually.
 Course Outline

Module 1: Legislative Framework

Module 2: Industrial Hazards
Module 3: Air Pollution and Control
Module 4: Water Pollution and Control
Module 5: Solid Waste Management
Module 6: Pollution Prevention
Module 7: Process Safety and Loss Prevention
 Module 1: Legislative Framework
1.0 - Definitions

Hazard: threat, risk, danger, accident potential to mankind,

workplace or environment.
Pollution: contaminants in environment adverse change
Environment:
natural world,
surrounding physical, biological factors and chemical interactions that
affect organisms;
surroundings or conditions in which living things (animals &plants)
operate
physical surrounding that interact exchanging mass, energy and other
properties
Waste: object - the holder discards, intends to discard or is
required to discard (EU, UNEnvP)
 Definitions
Ecosystem: biological community of interacting organism
and their physical environment
Ecology: branch of biology - deals with relations of
organisms to one another and to the physical surrounding
(environment)
Biodiversity: variation of life forms and ecosystem of a
region
 Legislative Framework
Brief History: Koko, Delta State - debacle
Decree 42 of 1988; life in prison (buy, dump etc)
1988 - Fed Environ. Protection Agency (FEPA)
1999 - Fed Ministry of Environment (FMEnv), no
enforcement powers
2007 - National Environmental Standards and
Regulations Enforcement Agency (NESREA)
enforces all environmental laws, guidelines,
policies, standards and regulations in Nigeria.
 Federal and State Laws
FEPA Act No. 58 of 1988 (ammend. Act No. 59 of
1992)
regulations and standards for the protection and
conservation of natural environment
Environ. Impact Assessment (EIA) Act No. 86, 1992)
Mandatory EIA for projects in country
States Environmental Protection Authorities (EPA)
All States to have own EPAs regulate areas of concern to
State (KEPA, etc.)
Fed. Ministry of Environment Regulations
National Effluent Limitation Regulation, S.1.8 (1991)
Pollution abatement, effluent treatment, etc
Pollution Abatement in Industries & Facilities Generating Wastes
Regulation, S.1.9 (1991)
Includes workers safety, monitoring, contngency plans
Management of Solid and Hazardous Wastes Regulation; S.1.15
(1991)
National Guidelines on Environmental Audit in Nigeria (1991,
reviewed in 1999)
Environmental monitoring every three years, specifies frequency
Guidelines & Standards for Environmental Pollution Control in
Nigeria, 1991
Water quality, Hazardous chemicals, Municipal solid waste
management, Pesticides Management/Handbook, etc
 International Conventions - 1
Vienna Convention on Substances that Deplete
the Ozone layer; 1987
Montreal protocol on Substances that Deplete
the Ozone Layer;1987
Basel Convention on Trans-boundary Trade on
Hazardous Wastes;1989
Bamako Convention on the Ban of Importation
into Africa and the Control of Trans-boundary
Movement and Management of Hazardous
Waste; 1991
 International Convention - 2
Rio Declaration on Environment and Development; 1992
United Nations Convention on Climatic Change; 1992, (in
force 1994)
Kyoto Protocol; 1997(in force, Feb 2005)
UNEP, best practices (http://www.unepie.org/)

Basel-EU: help provide ESM of production, integrated life

cycle approach leads to cleaner production, minimize
hazardous wastes